Ecological Drivers of Mosquito-Borne Disease Risk in Human-Impacted Wetlands
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Abstract
The rising incidence of mosquito-borne diseases poses a public health challenge worldwide. However, local-scale interactions among vectors, hosts, and the environment remain poorly understood. We leveraged historical, multi-source data to assess mosquito-borne disease transmission risk in Mediterranean humanized wetlands, examining mosquito vectors, avian hosts for West Nile virus (WNV), and human hosts for dengue, Zika, and chikungunya. Mosquito activity peaked between June and October. Aedes albopictus was predominant in urban areas, while Culex species were more prevalent in rural and natural environments. The spatial patterns of avian host communities influenced the potential amplification and dilution of the WNV enzootic cycle. High-risk areas for WNV circulation were identified near urban edges, particularly adjacent to rice fields and wetlands where mosquitoes and reservoir hosts overlapped. These findings emphasize the importance of targeted mosquito surveillance and mitigation strategies in urban centers and surrounding rural landscapes to effectively reduce the risk of mosquito-borne diseases.
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Abstract
The rising incidence of mosquito-borne diseases poses a public health challenge worldwide. However, local-scale interactions among vectors, hosts, and the environment remain poorly understood. We leveraged historical, multi-source data to assess mosquito-borne disease transmission risk in Mediterranean humanized wetlands, examining mosquito vectors, avian hosts for West Nile virus (WNV), and human hosts for dengue, Zika, and chikungunya. Mosquito activity peaked between June and October. Aedes albopictus was predominant in urban areas, while Culex species were more prevalent in rural and natural environments. The spatial patterns of avian host communities influenced the potential amplification and dilution of the WNV enzootic cycle. High-risk areas for WNV circulation were identified near urban edges, particularly adjacent to rice fields and wetlands where mosquitoes and reservoir hosts overlapped. These findings emphasize the importance of targeted mosquito surveillance and mitigation strategies in urban centers and surrounding rural landscapes to effectively reduce the risk of mosquito-borne diseases.
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Júlia Rodríguez-Grabalosa, Simone Mariani, Catuxa Cerecedo-Iglesias, et al.
Ecological Drivers of Mosquito-Borne Disease Risk in Human-Impacted Wetlands. Authorea. 24 February 2025.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22541/au.174041178.84395987/v1
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22541/au.174041178.84395987/v1
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