Computer simulation of retrogradely propagated action currents and potentials recorded in the rat cerebellar granule cell, and model estimation of Na + and K + ion concentration change

Computer simulation of retrogradely propagated action currents and potentials recorded in the rat cerebellar granule cell, and model estimation of Na + and K + ion concentration change | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Computer simulation of retrogradely propagated action currents and potentials recorded in the rat cerebellar granule cell, and model estimation of Na + and K + ion concentration change Armuntas Baginskas, George William Balagana This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-9086443/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Review Version 1 posted 12 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Retrogradely propagated action currents and potentials were recorded in the rat cerebellar granule cells. The action currents consisted of the fast transient, having amplitude and width of -294 ± 27 pA, 0.73 ± 0.04 ms, followed by the slower transient – afterdepolarizing current (ADC), having amplitude and duration of -9.65 ± 2.45 pA, 9.16 ± 0.51 ms. Amplitude and width of the soma-recording site RC circuit filtered action potentials were equal to 12.4 ± 1.24 mV, 23.17 ± 2.49 ms. The recorded action currents and potentials were computer simulated in the model cell of real geometry. Modeled action currents and potentials matched the recorded ones when maximal density of the fast sodium conductance in the cerebellar parallel fibers was equal to 81 mS/cm 2 , maximal density of delayed rectifier potassium conductance was equal to 45 mS/cm 2 , and the density of resurgent sodium conductance comprised 1% of the fast sodium conductance. The modeling showed that afterdepolarising current (ADC) is a sum of the resurgent sodium current and delayed rectifier potassium current, and afterdepolarization potential (ADP) is a sum of depolarization, caused by the resurgent sodium current, and afterhyperpolarization, caused by the delayed rectifier potassium current. The change of sodium and potassium ion concentration in the parallel fibers was calculated to be equal to 27.63 mM, -28.01 mM at 22 o C, and 13.69 mM, -14.08 mM at 37 o C due to propagation of 20 spikes long trains – large enough to affect biochemical and electrical processes in the cell. parallel fiber action current resurgent current action potential ADC ADP Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Review Version 1 posted Reviews received at journal 11 May, 2026 Reviews received at journal 11 May, 2026 Reviews received at journal 11 May, 2026 Reviews received at journal 02 May, 2026 Reviewers agreed at journal 22 Apr, 2026 Reviewers agreed at journal 20 Apr, 2026 Reviewers agreed at journal 20 Apr, 2026 Reviewers agreed at journal 20 Apr, 2026 Reviewers invited by journal 20 Apr, 2026 Editor assigned by journal 15 Mar, 2026 Submission checks completed at journal 11 Mar, 2026 First submitted to journal 10 Mar, 2026 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-9086443","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":629694604,"identity":"ab94754a-22dd-4302-854c-91c8c62c921d","order_by":0,"name":"Armuntas Baginskas","email":"data:image/png;base64,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","orcid":"","institution":"Lithuanian University of Health Sciences","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Armuntas","middleName":"","lastName":"Baginskas","suffix":""},{"id":629694605,"identity":"ae6b9880-314e-4c8c-84f3-b71d6d52360a","order_by":1,"name":"George William Balagana","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Lithuanian University of Health Sciences","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"George","middleName":"William","lastName":"Balagana","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2026-03-10 16:53:39","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-9086443/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9086443/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":108007516,"identity":"36fd6ca1-1670-44ce-add6-a160b039e9a0","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-04-28 13:00:18","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":690337,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"Computersimulation.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-9086443/v1_covered_06c2a896-43c9-480a-89d4-b94e2ee5607d.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Computer simulation of retrogradely propagated action currents and potentials recorded in the rat cerebellar granule cell, and model estimation of Na + and K + ion concentration change","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"journal-of-computational-neuroscience","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"jcns","sideBox":"Learn more about [Journal of Computational Neuroscience](http://link.springer.com/journal/10827)","snPcode":"10827","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/10827/3","title":"Journal of Computational Neuroscience","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false},"keywords":"parallel fiber, action current, resurgent current, action potential, ADC, ADP","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-9086443/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9086443/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eRetrogradely propagated action currents and potentials were recorded in the rat cerebellar granule cells. The action currents consisted of the fast transient, having amplitude and width of -294\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;27 pA, 0.73\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.04 ms, followed by the slower transient \u0026ndash; afterdepolarizing current (ADC), having amplitude and duration of -9.65\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.45 pA, 9.16\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.51 ms. Amplitude and width of the soma-recording site RC circuit filtered action potentials were equal to 12.4\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.24 mV, 23.17\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.49 ms.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe recorded action currents and potentials were computer simulated in the model cell of real geometry. Modeled action currents and potentials matched the recorded ones when maximal density of the fast sodium conductance in the cerebellar parallel fibers was equal to 81 mS/cm\u003csup\u003e2\u003c/sup\u003e, maximal density of delayed rectifier potassium conductance was equal to 45 mS/cm\u003csup\u003e2\u003c/sup\u003e, and the density of resurgent sodium conductance comprised 1% of the fast sodium conductance.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe modeling showed that afterdepolarising current (ADC) is a sum of the resurgent sodium current and delayed rectifier potassium current, and afterdepolarization potential (ADP) is a sum of depolarization, caused by the resurgent sodium current, and afterhyperpolarization, caused by the delayed rectifier potassium current.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe change of sodium and potassium ion concentration in the parallel fibers was calculated to be equal to 27.63 mM, -28.01 mM at 22\u003csup\u003eo\u003c/sup\u003e C, and 13.69 mM, -14.08 mM at 37\u003csup\u003eo\u003c/sup\u003e C due to propagation of 20 spikes long trains \u0026ndash; large enough to affect biochemical and electrical processes in the cell.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Computer simulation of retrogradely propagated action currents and potentials recorded in the rat cerebellar granule cell, and model estimation of Na + and K + ion concentration change","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2026-04-28 12:00:32","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-9086443/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2026-05-11T21:38:18+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2026-05-11T17:11:19+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2026-05-11T14:28:13+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2026-05-02T14:31:56+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"329437823289223189193667856074601410028","date":"2026-04-22T11:18:30+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"271854342210128389491770271497082097064","date":"2026-04-20T23:11:34+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"159672016184030155851413605710957866458","date":"2026-04-20T19:17:07+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"124217502421628646916293952747117841811","date":"2026-04-20T14:08:14+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2026-04-20T09:55:01+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2026-03-15T12:26:26+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"checksComplete","content":"","date":"2026-03-11T08:34:44+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"Journal of Computational Neuroscience","date":"2026-03-10T16:49:47+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"journal-of-computational-neuroscience","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"jcns","sideBox":"Learn more about [Journal of Computational Neuroscience](http://link.springer.com/journal/10827)","snPcode":"10827","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/10827/3","title":"Journal of Computational Neuroscience","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"d72a1e0d-31cb-4b0b-b761-8d6d453d3040","owner":[],"postedDate":"April 28th, 2026","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2026-05-11T21:38:18+00:00","index":29,"fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2026-05-11T17:11:19+00:00","index":28,"fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2026-05-11T14:28:13+00:00","index":27,"fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2026-05-02T14:31:56+00:00","index":26,"fulltext":""}],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"under-review","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2026-04-28T12:00:32+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2026-04-28 12:00:32","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-9086443","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-9086443","identity":"rs-9086443","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"XKTyCvWXoU3ODBz1xrDgd","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}