Bilateral purtscher-like retinopathy associated with DRESS syndrome: a case report

Abstract Background: To report a case of Bilateral Purtscher-like retinopathy associated with DRESS syndrome managed with ocular and systemic treatments. Case presentation: A 29-year-old healthy female developed multi-organ (cutaneous, hematologic, renal and hepatic) disfunction and profound vision loss 1 month after Human papillomavirus vaccine injection. At the first presentation, her visual acuity was counting fingers in both eyes. Fundus exam showed remarkable cotton-wool spots, retinal hemorrhages and macular edema. She was diagnosed DRESS syndrome and Purtscher-like retinopathy and treated with intravitreal injection of ranibizumab, systemic steroids anticoagulants, and plasma exchange. The patient finally recovered from this life-threatening condition but left with permanent visual damage. Conclusion: Purtscher-like retinopathy could be complicated by DRESS syndrome which is usually considered a type Ⅳ hypersensitivity reaction.