Techno-Economic and Performance Analysis of a Grid-Connected Hybrid Photovoltaic/Battery System for SELCO in Sabah, Malaysia

Techno-Economic and Performance Analysis of a Grid-Connected Hybrid Photovoltaic/Battery System for SELCO in Sabah, Malaysia | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Case Report Techno-Economic and Performance Analysis of a Grid-Connected Hybrid Photovoltaic/Battery System for SELCO in Sabah, Malaysia M. U. Ibrahim, M. Z. H. Makmud, A. B. A. Rahman, I. Z. X. Jordan, and 1 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-6689954/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract The implementation of grid-connected hybrid photovoltaic/battery (GCHPB) systems has gained significant attention in Sabah, Malaysia, particularly under the Self-Consumption (SELCO) program introduced by Energy Commission of Sabah (ECoS). This initiative encourages consumers to generate and utilize renewable energy locally without exporting excess electricity to the grid. Despite its potential benefits, no comprehensive study has been conducted to evaluate the techno-economic feasibility and real performance of such systems in Sabah. This study presents a detailed techno-economic analysis using mathematical modelling and PVsyst software, assessing key financial metrics such as levelized cost of energy (LCOE), return on investment (ROI), and payback period. Additionally, a 5-month post-installation performance evaluation of a grid-connected hybrid PV/battery system was conducted to analyze its efficiency, self-consumption ratio, and contribution to load demand. The results indicate that a 19.8 kWp PV system with a 45-kWh lithium-ion battery achieved an average of 50.7% in self-consumption against PV production, reducing grid dependency by 57% and lowering the average electricity costs by MYR 1,075.51 per month. The calculated LCOE was MYR 0.26/kWh, with an estimated payback period of 10.5 years. These findings provide valuable insights into the economic viability of SELCO program and offer policymakers and stakeholders data-driven recommendations to enhance adoption strategies. Grid-Connected Hybrid System Photovoltaic/Battery Self-Consumption Renewable Energy Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-6689954","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Case Report","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":458149614,"identity":"b1913bb0-045b-49c9-96af-4858729c4f95","order_by":0,"name":"M. U. Ibrahim","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Universiti Malaysia Sabah","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"M.","middleName":"U.","lastName":"Ibrahim","suffix":""},{"id":458149615,"identity":"985fd54e-5ac9-4aa4-af89-d6caac68a632","order_by":1,"name":"M. Z. H. 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This initiative encourages consumers to generate and utilize renewable energy locally without exporting excess electricity to the grid. Despite its potential benefits, no comprehensive study has been conducted to evaluate the techno-economic feasibility and real performance of such systems in Sabah. This study presents a detailed techno-economic analysis using mathematical modelling and PVsyst software, assessing key financial metrics such as levelized cost of energy (LCOE), return on investment (ROI), and payback period. Additionally, a 5-month post-installation performance evaluation of a grid-connected hybrid PV/battery system was conducted to analyze its efficiency, self-consumption ratio, and contribution to load demand. The results indicate that a 19.8 kWp PV system with a 45-kWh lithium-ion battery achieved an average of 50.7% in self-consumption against PV production, reducing grid dependency by 57% and lowering the average electricity costs by MYR 1,075.51 per month. 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