Intrinsically Stretchable Large-Area Pixelated Electrochromic Displays via Direct Photopatterning

Intrinsically Stretchable Large-Area Pixelated Electrochromic Displays via Direct Photopatterning | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article Intrinsically Stretchable Large-Area Pixelated Electrochromic Displays via Direct Photopatterning Sung Kyu Park, Kang Sik Kim, Soo Yeon Eom, Seong Hwan Yang, Jeong-Wan Jo, and 6 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-7536726/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Review Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Electrochromic displays (ECDs) have gained increasing attention for various stretchable applications, offering voltage-controlled optical modulation with low power consumption. However, realizing ECDs that include stretchability with high-resolution pixelation remains challenging. Here, we present an unprecedented combination of materials and device architectures that enable intrinsically stretchable and highly pixelated ECDs via direct photopatterning. Central to this strategy is a stretchable and photopatternable electrochromic (EC) material, containing acrylate-substituted RGB viologens, that supports direct photopatterning with high mechanical durability. To facilitate more strategic device architecture, a stretchable reactive spacer layer and a pixel-defining layer were introduced, ensuring uniform electrical contact and improving mechanical integrity with minimized crosstalk, respectively. Leveraging the cooperative function of the developed materials and device structures, we implemented a fully stretchable 10 × 10 passive matrix ECD that exhibits RGB pixelated coloration and maintains stable electrochromic performance under strains up to 30%, with durability sustained over 1500 mechanical cycles. Physical sciences/Engineering/Electrical and electronic engineering Physical sciences/Materials science/Soft materials/Polymers Full Text Additional Declarations There is NO Competing Interest. Supplementary Files 2.SupplementaryinformationFigureNC.pdf Supplementary Figure 1-15 2.SupplementaryinformationNC.docx Intrinsically Stretchable Large-Area Pixelated Electrochromic Displays via Direct Photopatterning Supplementary Information Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Review Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-7536726","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":529381181,"identity":"71216533-ffad-47db-89a8-5e37d810cf21","order_by":0,"name":"Sung Kyu Park","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAAv0lEQVRIiWNgGAWjYDACHhBxwAbGTSBaSxrpWg6ToEW+5+zBzxVnzsvzz0hg/PCDIS2foBaDs33Jkmdu3DaccSOBWbKHIceygaAWfh4DyYYPtxMYbiQwSDMwVBgQdlg/j/HPhg/nEuSBtvwmSgvD2R4zyYYbBxIMbiSwAW3JIazF4My5NMuGM8mGG888bLPsMUgjwmE9uYdvNhyzk5c7nnz4xo+KZCIcBokYEGBsAFpKhAYkLaNgFIyCUTAKcAAAwiE8H4TJ+HgAAAAASUVORK5CYII=","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9617-2541","institution":"Chung-Ang University","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Sung","middleName":"Kyu","lastName":"Park","suffix":""},{"id":529381182,"identity":"8e96b4b4-3ee3-49ed-8701-c69877b39ea1","order_by":1,"name":"Kang Sik Kim","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Chung-Ang University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Kang","middleName":"Sik","lastName":"Kim","suffix":""},{"id":529381183,"identity":"671193ec-3655-4bce-95b5-edc4ca1a68de","order_by":2,"name":"Soo Yeon Eom","email":"","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8594-4864","institution":"Pusan National University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Soo","middleName":"Yeon","lastName":"Eom","suffix":""},{"id":529381184,"identity":"ee1bcb37-62c3-4bf8-8ed2-8fba5a550bbb","order_by":3,"name":"Seong Hwan Yang","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Chung-Ang University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Seong","middleName":"Hwan","lastName":"Yang","suffix":""},{"id":529381185,"identity":"a3eb7608-a157-4de2-9015-dd47f8027783","order_by":4,"name":"Jeong-Wan Jo","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"University of Cambridge","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Jeong-Wan","middleName":"","lastName":"Jo","suffix":""},{"id":529381186,"identity":"436a4aec-ed9c-44e9-9433-dc8a0cf5fd78","order_by":5,"name":"Fayong Sun","email":"","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4168-3843","institution":"Pusan National University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Fayong","middleName":"","lastName":"Sun","suffix":""},{"id":529381187,"identity":"5ea53557-1e3c-408e-a38e-916e4165e235","order_by":6,"name":"Beomjin Jeong","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Pusan National University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Beomjin","middleName":"","lastName":"Jeong","suffix":""},{"id":529381188,"identity":"77dd01aa-a465-45fb-a778-5de867ee3003","order_by":7,"name":"Myoung-Jae Lee","email":"","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2626-0460","institution":"Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Myoung-Jae","middleName":"","lastName":"Lee","suffix":""},{"id":529381189,"identity":"4d7f9199-5f5d-4591-8bd6-d6d9cf807b73","order_by":8,"name":"Jong-Woong Kim","email":"","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4010-056X","institution":"Sungkyunkwan University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Jong-Woong","middleName":"","lastName":"Kim","suffix":""},{"id":529381190,"identity":"80723c5f-768c-47a5-b7e1-fc3715e635cc","order_by":9,"name":"Yong-Hoon KIM","email":"","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0057-1893","institution":"","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Yong-Hoon","middleName":"","lastName":"KIM","suffix":""},{"id":529381191,"identity":"5b870a6b-6548-49e0-a9a8-c5f5bb7ad622","order_by":10,"name":"Jong S. 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