Role of Different Imaging Modalities in Assessment of Gynecological Causes of Acute Pelvic Pain

Background: Acute pelvic pain refers to non-cyclic lower abdominal or pelvic pain lasting less than 3 months and is often associated with nausea, vomiting and / or leukocytosis. This study aimed to evaluate the role of different imaging modalities in the evaluation of gynecological causes of pelvic pain. Methods: This interventional study carried out on 73 female patients complaining of acute pelvic pain due to gynecological causes. All studied cases were subjected to clinical examination [Abdominal examination, pelvic examination, additional systemic examination]. Laboratory investigations [pregnancy testing [ β-HCG], additional tests (CA125)]. Imaging modalities [Ultrasound (US), Computed Tomography (CT) or Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Results: Ultrasound results showed high positive prediction in most findings and high negative prediction value in all findings. There were high agreement in the following findings: Complicated uterine fibroid, Ectopic Pregnancy, Hemorrhagic Ectopic pregnancy, Hemorrhagic Ovarian Cyst, Tubo-Ovarian Abscess and Uterine Rupture. Moderate agreement shown in Endometriotic cysts. Conclusion: Ultrasound emerged as a primary imaging tool due to its non-invasiveness and cost-effectiveness, enabling the identification of various pathologies. CT and MRI provided additional insights in cases where ultrasound findings were inconclusive, facilitating detailed characterization of pelvic diseases.