Ovarian Endometrioma and Hematosalpinx Coexistence: A Rare Case Report

ABSTRACT Hematosalpinx is a pathological condition characterized by the accumulation of blood within the fallopian tubes and is frequently associated with ectopic pregnancy, tubal endometriosis, or pelvic inflammatory disease. While endometriosis is known to cause tubal dysfunction, data directly linking ovarian endometrioma (OMA) to hematosalpinx remain limited. Recent studies have demonstrated that the prevalence of tubal pathologies is significantly higher in patients with untreated ovarian endometriomas compared to control groups. In this case report, a patient presenting with chronic pelvic pain and dyspareunia underwent ultrasonographic evaluation, which revealed bilateral ovarian endometriomas, while hysterosalpingography demonstrated dilated fallopian tubes. The diagnostic process and management strategies for hematosalpinx in a patient with OMA undergoing infertility evaluation will be discussed.