Dynamic Strategy for Adaptive Block Size Optimization in Blockchain Technology

Dynamic Strategy for Adaptive Block Size Optimization in Blockchain Technology | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Dynamic Strategy for Adaptive Block Size Optimization in Blockchain Technology Shafique Ahmed Awan, Muazzam Ali Khan Khattak, Anwar Ali Sathio, and 4 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-6514901/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 20 Aug, 2025 Read the published version in Discover Sustainability → Version 1 posted 18 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Blockchain technology transforms the ecosystem of the digital world by introducing decentralization, security, and transparency. It plays a vital role in DeFi, healthcare, commerce, industries, education, and supply chain management. However, the scalability factor is a challenge, especially the block size for performance. It affects transaction throughput, computational efficiency, and energy usage, which creates a gap that makes the blockchain system move towards vital solutions. We presented a dynamic framework for optimizing a block size and addressing the optimized solution for the scalability issue. We investigated the Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithms with advanced data structures, Merkle trees, and Directed Acyclic Graphs (DAGs). The proposed framework improves transaction processing while ensuring efficient resource management. The designed framework is helpful for private blockchain transaction networks. It adapts to multiple domains, meeting diverse application requirements. The proposed framework is scalable and effective in homogeneous private blockchain network environments. This study highlights block size as a critical factor in scalability and suggests a strategy to increase private blockchain capacity. It ensures the system can handle growing users and homogeneous network requirements. The findings contribute to making blockchain more scalable, efficient, and sustainable for future green tech ecosystems. Block Size Optimization DAGs Blockchain WOA PSO Merkle Tree Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 20 Aug, 2025 Read the published version in Discover Sustainability → Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 19 Jun, 2025 Reviews received at journal 19 Jun, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 19 Jun, 2025 Reviews received at journal 18 Jun, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 17 Jun, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 17 Jun, 2025 Reviews received at journal 29 May, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 24 May, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 24 May, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 22 May, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 22 May, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 15 May, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 13 May, 2025 Reviewers invited by journal 13 May, 2025 Editor assigned by journal 13 May, 2025 Editor invited by journal 13 May, 2025 Submission checks completed at journal 10 May, 2025 First submitted to journal 10 May, 2025 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-6514901","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":457035462,"identity":"bb853bd3-ac61-4203-a2d7-2332c66307f7","order_by":0,"name":"Shafique Ahmed Awan","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Quaid-i-Azam University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Shafique","middleName":"Ahmed","lastName":"Awan","suffix":""},{"id":457035463,"identity":"f6c6e116-808d-44bb-b641-4a77a714b76a","order_by":1,"name":"Muazzam Ali Khan Khattak","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Quaid-i-Azam 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