Current status and expectations of medical interns in the advanced phase of the DES (specialized medical studies) in medical gynecology regarding medical theses

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Skip to main content Home About Submit ALERTS / RSS Search for this keyword Advanced Search Current status and expectations of medical interns in the advanced phase of the DES (specialized medical studies) in medical gynecology regarding medical theses Aurelie Poisson , Floriane Jochum , Paul Gougis , Raphaelle Savarino , Florence Coussy , Charlotte Sonigo , Enora Laas , Damien Roux , Fabien Reyal , Christine Rousset-Jablonski , Anne-Sophie Hamy doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.01.23.24319156 Aurelie Poisson 1 Women’s Medical Center, University hospital of Grenoble Alpes, University Grenoble Alpes , 38000 Grenoble, France Find this author on Google Scholar Find this author on PubMed Search for this author on this site For correspondence: aurelie.poisson{at}outlook.fr Floriane Jochum 2 Department of Gynecological Surgery, University hospital of Strasbourg , 67 000, Strasbourg France 3 Residual tumor and response to treatment Laboratory (RT2Lab), INSERM U932 Immunity and Cancer, Institut Curie, University Paris Cite , 75005 Paris, France Find this author on Google Scholar Find this author on PubMed Search for this author on this site Paul Gougis 3 Residual tumor and response to treatment Laboratory (RT2Lab), INSERM U932 Immunity and Cancer, Institut Curie, University Paris Cite , 75005 Paris, France 4 Department of Medical Oncology, Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital , Paris, France Find this author on Google Scholar Find this author on PubMed Search for this author on this site Raphaelle Savarino 3 Residual tumor and response to treatment Laboratory (RT2Lab), INSERM U932 Immunity and Cancer, Institut Curie, University Paris Cite , 75005 Paris, France Find this author on Google Scholar Find this author on PubMed Search for this author on this site Florence Coussy 3 Residual tumor and response to treatment Laboratory (RT2Lab), INSERM U932 Immunity and Cancer, Institut Curie, University Paris Cite , 75005 Paris, France Find this author on Google Scholar Find this author on PubMed Search for this author on this site Charlotte Sonigo 5 Department of Reproductive Medicine, Antoine Béclère Hospital , Clamart, France Find this author on Google Scholar Find this author on PubMed Search for this author on this site Enora Laas 3 Residual tumor and response to treatment Laboratory (RT2Lab), INSERM U932 Immunity and Cancer, Institut Curie, University Paris Cite , 75005 Paris, France 6 Department of Senology and Gynecological Surgery, Institut Curie, University Paris Cité , 75005 Paris, France Find this author on Google Scholar Find this author on PubMed Search for this author on this site Damien Roux 7 Department of Intensive Medicine and Resuscitation, University Paris Cité, Louis Mourier Hospital , Bois-Colombes, France Find this author on Google Scholar Find this author on PubMed Search for this author on this site Fabien Reyal 3 Residual tumor and response to treatment Laboratory (RT2Lab), INSERM U932 Immunity and Cancer, Institut Curie, University Paris Cite , 75005 Paris, France 6 Department of Senology and Gynecological Surgery, Institut Curie, University Paris Cité , 75005 Paris, France Find this author on Google Scholar Find this author on PubMed Search for this author on this site Christine Rousset-Jablonski 8 Department of Gynecological Surgery, Léon-Bérard Center , Lyon, France 9 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Lyon Sud Hospital Center, Hospices Civils Lyon , Lyon, France 10 INSERM U1290 RESHAPE (RESearch in HealthCare Performance), Claude Bernard University Lyon 1 , Lyon, France Find this author on Google Scholar Find this author on PubMed Search for this author on this site Anne-Sophie Hamy 3 Residual tumor and response to treatment Laboratory (RT2Lab), INSERM U932 Immunity and Cancer, Institut Curie, University Paris Cite , 75005 Paris, France Find this author on Google Scholar Find this author on PubMed Search for this author on this site Abstract Full Text Info/History Metrics Data/Code Preview PDF Summary Introduction In France, Writing and defending a medical thesis are mandatory components of medical education curriculum to obtain the degree of Doctor of Medicine. The expectations of medical interns in medical gynecology regarding their medical thesis have not been evaluated. Methods A 10-question form was distributed during the national teaching of the advanced phase of the specialized medical studies (DES) in medical gynecology (corresponding to the 2 nd and 3 rd year of internship). Responses were collected using the Wooclap* software. Results A total of 131 interns participated in the survey out of 170 interns solicited. Approximately two-thirds of the surveyed students had a medical thesis topic at the time of the survey. Among students with a thesis topic, thesis supervisors were most often university practitioners (MCU-PH/PH-U/PU-PH, 37.4%), followed by hospital practitioners (22.8%). The quality of supervision by the thesis supervisor was rated at 6.9/10, and the quality of supervision by the university was rated at 3.3/10. Overall, 53.4% of students wished to leverage their work through scientific publication. Nearly all students (94%) wished for guidance on at least one of the following topics: writing scientific articles (83%), basic statistics (83%), basic data collection (75%), training in the use of Pubmed (68%), Excel (65%), Zotero (63%), project management (53%), Word (15%). Conclusion Support for medical interns in medical gynecology for their medical thesis could be improved, particularly through modules on scientific publication, bibliography, and office automation. Introduction The Specialized Studies Diploma (DES) in medical gynecology was created in 2003 ( Serfaty, 2000 ) ( Agopiantz et al., 2013 , 2013 ). It currently includes a specialized 4-year training, which can be complemented by a transversal specialized training year (FST) in the fields of oncology, reproductive medicine and biology - andrology, or medical/pharmacological therapeutics. In addition to hospital internships, a volume of two half-days per week of theoretical teaching is planned, including one half-day of autonomy. The theoretical teaching is provided in the form of face-to-face lectures, clinical cases on the specialty college’s digital platform, and e-learning sessions validated by regional coordinators. In 2015, an evaluation of the theoretical teaching of the DES had been conducted with 145 students. Despite a rather satisfactory evaluation, avenues for improvement had emerged, including the creation of specific teaching modules, situational exercises, and practical work ( Agopiantz et al., 2015 ). In France, the award of the title of Doctor of Medicine is conditioned by the writing of a medical thesis manuscript, publicly defended during a defense in front of a jury. Although encouraged, the publication of the medical thesis is not mandatory. To our knowledge, no data have been published on the theses carried out by interns in medical gynecology since its creation in 2023, and the expectations of medical interns in medical gynecology regarding their medical thesis have not been evaluated. The aim of this study is to assess the current status of medical interns in medical gynecology in the advanced phase regarding the supervision of their medical thesis and their desire for training and supervision. Materials and methods Survey design and sampled population We conducted a survey on March 9, 2023, during the national teaching of senology of the DES in medical gynecology. This teaching was carried out remotely, synchronously, via the Teams* platform (Microsoft), and concerned interns in the advanced phase. Interns were invited to respond to an interactive questionnaire created via the Wooclap* platform. Questionnaire The questionnaire ( Table 1 ) consisted of 10 questions: 6 single-choice questions, 2 multiple-choice questions, while 2 questions used a 0 to 10 rating scale. Completing the questionnaire in its entirety required less than 10 minutes, and its completion was anonymized. View this table: View inline View popup Download powerpoint Table 1: Questionnaire. Questions 4 and 10 were multiple choice. Questions 7 and 9 used a rating scale from 0 to 10. The remaining 6 questions were single choice. Ethical oversight The local institutional review Board of institute Curie reviewed this project on 16/12/2024 under the number DATA240346 and confirmed that it does not require formal ethical oversight, as it qualifies for exemption under the applicable ethical guidelines for non-invasive and anonymized research. The committee’s decision was as follows: Ethical oversight was waived for this study. Statistical analysis Subjective quantitative variables were collected using a 0 to 10 scale. Medians (interquartile ranges, IQR) and frequencies (percentage) were calculated to respectively describe continuous and categorical variables. Proportions were compared using chi-square tests. Data were analyzed using R software, version 3.2.1. Results Population characteristics A total of 131 interns participated in the survey (out of 170 interns enrolled in the advanced phase), with 106 completing the questionnaire in its entirety. The three most represented subdivisions were the Paris subdivision, followed by Lille and Bordeaux ( Figure 1 ). Most interns had a medical thesis topic (n=66, 62.3%), while about one-third of surveyed students (n=34) did not have a medical thesis topic (do not know 5.6%). Download figure Open in new tab Figure 1: Distribution of subdivisions of medical gynecology interns who responded to the questionnaire. Medical thesis topic abandonment Twenty-nine students (27.6%) had already abandoned one or more thesis topics, with the two main reasons cited being the initial poor definition of the topic (37.0%) and lack of supervision (33.3%) ( Figure 2 ). Download figure Open in new tab Figure 2: Distribution of reasons for abandonment among interns who changed their thesis topic. Supervision of the medical thesis Among students with a thesis topic, thesis supervisors were most often university practitioners (MCU/PHU/PUPH, 37.4%), followed by hospital practitioners (22.8%), while supervision by CCA and AHU was marginal. Most supervisors were not part of the department in which the student wished to complete their post-internship (n = 54, or 66% in total), while 28 supervisors (34%) were part of it. Evaluation of the quality of supervision for the medical thesis The quality of supervision by the thesis advisor was rated at 6.9/10, while the quality of supervision by the university was rated at 3.3/10 ( Figure 3 ). Overall, 53.4% of students wanted to promote their thesis through a scientific publication, 24.3% were unsure, and 22.3% did not wish to do so. Download figure Open in new tab Figure 3: A. Mean and median of the quality of supervision by the thesis supervisor. B. Mean and median of the quality of supervision by the home university. Interns’ reported needs regarding medical thesis supervision Nearly all students (114/131, 87.0%) desired supervision on at least one of the following topics: Scientific article writing (83%), basic statistics (83%), database collection (75%), PubMed training (68%), Excel (65%), Zotero (63%), project management (53%), Word (15%) ( Figure 4 ). Download figure Open in new tab Figure 4: Proportion of interns wishing for additional training in one of the following areas. Discussion Our survey enabled us to analyze the expectations of senior-phase medical gynecology interns regarding their medical theses. This study provides several important findings. Firstly, most interns already had a thesis topic during their advanced phase, in line with the reform of the third cycle of medical studies, which mandates the completion of the medical thesis before the start of the fourth year. Students were primarily supervised by senior university practitioners, highlighting the active involvement of academic staff in overseeing medical theses. Only 34% of supervisors were part of the department where the intern intended to pursue their post-internship, suggesting a relative independence between the intern and their supervisor concerning their future professional pathway. While the students’ rating of the direct supervision by their thesis advisor appeared satisfactory, university-level supervision seems to require improvement. To our knowledge, few programs specifically aimed at supporting third-cycle students in completing their medical thesis are offered across various faculties. In Germany, a program was initiated by a consortium of universities, which allows: (i) identifying students’ needs; (ii) establishing a research support program; and (iii) implementing a process of continuous improvement that considers developments in the literature and student satisfaction. Areas requiring support included principles of good scientific practice, literature searches, reference organization, the structure and organization of a thesis, formatting word processing documents, clinical epidemiology, and data management ( Paulitsch et al., 2016 ; Sennekamp et al., 2016 ). Implementing similar programs in France would seem worthwhile. Nearly one in five interns reported previously quitting a thesis topic, mainly due to poor initial definition of the topic or lack of supervision. In a survey conducted by a young oncology cooperative group (Dig’In for GERCOR), 27.4% of 143 oncology interns reported having already abandoned a medical thesis topic, with the main reason also being poor initial topic definition. In this regard, university-level training for medical thesis supervisors could also be considered to reduce the proportion of abandoned thesis topics. Finally, most interns appeared interested in promoting their thesis through a scientific publication. In France, few studies have evaluated the publication rates of medical theses. Analysis of data from the Faculty of Medicine in Lille (2001-2007) found a publication rate of 11.3%. According to other studies, the publication rates for medical theses were approximately 6% for general medicine theses ( Baufreton et al., 2012 ; Carpentier et al., 2012 ) and 20% for theses in other specialties ( Fabre, 2015 ), with an estimated overall average of 17% across all specialties ( Salmi et al., 2001 ). In radiology, the publication rate for interns graduating in 2009-2010 was 35.3% ( Chassagnon et al., 2016 ), while the rate for theses completed by medical oncology interns between 2010 and 2015 was 29.7% ( de Nonneville et al., 2022 ). In medical gynecology, no data exist on the publication rate of medical theses, but our study suggests a willingness among most current cohorts of medical gynecology interns to publish their work. In conclusion, medical gynecology interns appear eager for structured supervision modules to help them complete their medical theses. Such programs could facilitate the promotion of their work through scientific publications. A pilot program will soon enter a testing phase at Paris Cité University. Data Availability All data produced in the present work are contained in the manuscript Références ↵ Agopiantz , M. , Birène , B. , Scheffler , F. , 2013 . État des lieux et perspectives démographiques pour la gynécologie médicale en France en 2012 . Gynécologie Obstétrique & Fertilité 41 , 201 – 202 . doi: 10.1016/j.gyobfe.2013.01.008 OpenUrl CrossRef PubMed ↵ Agopiantz , M. , Scheffler , F. , Faivre , J.-C. , Bonne , S. , Catoire , P. , Weryha , G. , Gompel , A. , 2015 . Enseignement théorique du Diplôme d’études spécialisées de gynécologie médicale en France : évaluation nationale . Gynécologie Obstétrique & Fertilité 43 , 25 – 32 . doi: 10.1016/j.gyobfe.2014.11.006 OpenUrl CrossRef PubMed ↵ Baufreton , C. , Chrétien , J.-M. , Moreau-Cordier , F. , Moreau , F. , 78 Portefaix , H. , Branchereau , H. , Huez , J.-F. , Richard , I. , Saint-André , J.-P. , 2012 . La production scientifique issue de la formation initiale à la faculté de médecine d’Angers entre 2002 et 2008 : de bonne qualité mais insuffisante. La Presse Médicale , Maladies neurovasculaires 41 , e213 – e219 . doi: 10.1016/j.lpm.2011.11.026 OpenUrl CrossRef ↵ Carpentier , M. , Roue , J.-M. , Jaffrelot , M. , Barraine , P. , Salaun , P.-Y. , Le Gal , G. , 2012 . Publication des thèses d’exercice à la faculté de médecine de Brest : état des lieux et pistes d’amélioration. La Presse Médicale , Maladies neurovasculaires 41 , 542 – 543 . doi: 10.1016/j.lpm.2011.09.014 OpenUrl CrossRef ↵ Chassagnon , G. , Dangouloff-Ros , V. , Vilgrain , V. , Ronot , M. , 2016 . Academic productivity of French radiology residents: Where do we stand? Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging 97 , 211 – 218 . doi: 10.1016/j.diii.2015.08.001 OpenUrl CrossRef ↵ de Nonneville , A. , Bertucci , F. , Lambaudie , É. , Houvenaeghel , G. , Sabatier , R. , Gonçalves , A. , Viens , P. , 2022 . [Medical thesis publication of medical oncology residents in France: Trends and associated factors] . Bull Cancer 109 , 409 – 423 . doi: 10.1016/j.bulcan.2022.01.009 OpenUrl CrossRef PubMed ↵ Fabre , A. , 2015 . [Publication of pediatric medical dissertations in France] . Arch Pediatr 22 , 802 – 806 . doi: 10.1016/j.arcped.2015.03.013 OpenUrl CrossRef PubMed ↵ Paulitsch , M.A. , Gerlach , F.M. , Klingebiel , T. , Sennekamp , M. , 2016 . [On the way to becoming an MD (Dr. med.): What kind of support do doctoral students need? Part 2: Establishing the program] . Z Evid Fortbild Qual Gesundhwes 110–111 , 77 – 84 . doi: 10.1016/j.zefq.2015.12.003 OpenUrl CrossRef ↵ Salmi , L.R. , Gana , S. , Mouillet , E. , 2001 . Publication pattern of medical theses, France, 1993– 98 . Medical Education 35 , 18 – 21 . doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2923.2001.00768.x OpenUrl CrossRef PubMed ↵ Sennekamp , M. , Paulitsch , M.A. , Broermann , M. , Klingebiel , T. , Gerlach , F.M. , 2016 . [On the way to becoming an MD (Dr. med.): What kind of support do doctoral students need? Part 1: Survey and development of a program] . Z Evid Fortbild Qual Gesundhwes 110–111 , 69 – 76 . doi: 10.1016/j.zefq.2015.12.004 OpenUrl CrossRef ↵ Serfaty , D. , 2000 . Le nouveau DES de GO/GM : restauration de la gynécologie médicale en France 11Les opinions exprimées dans Gynécologie Obstétrique & Fertilité énoncent des arguments qui n’engagent que leurs auteurs . Gynécologie Obstétrique & Fertilité 28 , 783 – 784 . doi: 10.1016/S1297-9589(00)00035-7 OpenUrl CrossRef PubMed View the discussion thread. Back to top Previous Next Posted January 25, 2025. Download PDF Data/Code Email Thank you for your interest in spreading the word about medRxiv. NOTE: Your email address is requested solely to identify you as the sender of this article. Your Email * Your Name * Send To * Enter multiple addresses on separate lines or separate them with commas. 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