Three-dimensional numerical simulation of the geyser phenomenon caused by entrapped air release in a baffle-drop shaft

Three-dimensional numerical simulation of the geyser phenomenon caused by entrapped air release in a baffle-drop shaft | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article Three-dimensional numerical simulation of the geyser phenomenon caused by entrapped air release in a baffle-drop shaft Qian Yang, Qinghua Yang This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-5267025/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract To mitigate the structural and ground safety risks caused by the high-speed air-water mixture during the geyser process in a baffle-drop shaft, a three-dimensional (3-D) numerical model test was conducted. This study systematically examined the effects of void fraction and inlet pipe diameter on pressure and geyser intensity. It also analyzed the variation law of impact load on the baffles at the shaft bottom, and suggested the installation of a throttling orifice plate in the mid-shaft to regulate the geyser intensity. The findings indicate that the inlet pipe pressure initially decreases and then increases with rising void fraction, reaching a minimum pressure between 0.2 and 0.4. The geyser intensity reaches its maximum when the diameter ratio of the inlet pipe to the drop shaft is1:2. Additionally, the impact load on the baffle decreases continuously from the bottom to the top, with the impact load near the dividing wall and shaft wall being greater than that at the baffle edge for the same baffle. Installing an orifice plate in the mid-shaft can effectively control the geyser intensity, with the impact load on the orifice plate being ten times greater than that on the baffle load at the shaft’s bottom. These results can serve as a valuable reference for the safe design of the baffle-drop shafts. Physical sciences/Engineering/Civil engineering Earth and environmental sciences/Natural hazards Baffle-drop shaft High-pressure entrapped air Geyser phenomenon Impact load Numerical simulation Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-5267025","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":375442891,"identity":"f7f194c4-bcfe-4e5d-81b0-85bec272ffa6","order_by":0,"name":"Qian Yang","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Southwest Jiaotong University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Qian","middleName":"","lastName":"Yang","suffix":""},{"id":375442892,"identity":"0ee68ef9-f10d-49b0-bebd-3e6b98ca8fa0","order_by":1,"name":"Qinghua Yang","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAABBUlEQVRIiWNgGAWjYDACCTBpkwDlsiEJ4teSBtciQayWwwkofLxa+G73GH4u+HU+j1/s8AHGn218dQYHmA/e5mGwy8OlRfLOGWPpmX23iyVnpyUw87axSRgcYEu25mFILsalxeBGjoE0b8/txA23cwyYGbeBtPCYSfMwHEhswK3F+DdvzzmglvwPjD/BWvi/EdICNPPHAZAtDAy8EFvY8GqRvJFWZs3bkJw4c3aawWHef2ySMw+zGVvOMUjGqYXvRvLm2zx/7BL7pZMfPvxx5hg/3/HmhzfeVNjh1MJwgMOAgbENymZgOMbAwAx2MC71IGXsDxgY/sC5NXiUjoJRMApGwUgFAF2dWWynnWKRAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC","orcid":"","institution":"Southwest Jiaotong University","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Qinghua","middleName":"","lastName":"Yang","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2024-10-15 08:38:29","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-5267025/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-5267025/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":71914267,"identity":"a15815ef-b701-4128-99e1-8645782d7b69","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-12-19 16:16:58","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":749240,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"Revisedmanuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-5267025/v1_covered_40a0f7b9-e1a9-4019-bf2d-903680804fd7.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Three-dimensional numerical simulation of the geyser phenomenon caused by entrapped air release in a baffle-drop shaft","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Baffle-drop shaft, High-pressure entrapped air, Geyser phenomenon, Impact load, Numerical simulation","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-5267025/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-5267025/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eTo mitigate the structural and ground safety risks caused by the high-speed air-water mixture during the geyser process in a baffle-drop shaft, a three-dimensional (3-D) numerical model test was conducted. This study systematically examined the effects of void fraction and inlet pipe diameter on pressure and geyser intensity. It also analyzed the variation law of impact load on the baffles at the shaft bottom, and suggested the installation of a throttling orifice plate in the mid-shaft to regulate the geyser intensity. The findings indicate that the inlet pipe pressure initially decreases and then increases with rising void fraction, reaching a minimum pressure between 0.2 and 0.4. The geyser intensity reaches its maximum when the diameter ratio of the inlet pipe to the drop shaft is1:2. Additionally, the impact load on the baffle decreases continuously from the bottom to the top, with the impact load near the dividing wall and shaft wall being greater than that at the baffle edge for the same baffle. Installing an orifice plate in the mid-shaft can effectively control the geyser intensity, with the impact load on the orifice plate being ten times greater than that on the baffle load at the shaft’s bottom. These results can serve as a valuable reference for the safe design of the baffle-drop shafts.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Three-dimensional numerical simulation of the geyser phenomenon caused by entrapped air release in a baffle-drop shaft","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2024-11-11 09:04:09","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-5267025/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"8e7afb47-e87f-493f-8089-ce6c84690875","owner":[],"postedDate":"November 11th, 2024","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[{"id":39969933,"name":"Physical sciences/Engineering/Civil engineering"},{"id":39969934,"name":"Earth and environmental sciences/Natural hazards"}],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2024-12-19T16:08:49+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2024-11-11 09:04:09","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-5267025","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-5267025","identity":"rs-5267025","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"qtupq5eGEP_6zYnWcrvyt","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}