Numerical Study on Heat Transfer in Carreau Fluids with Nanofluid Flow over a Curved Stretched Surface

Numerical Study on Heat Transfer in Carreau Fluids with Nanofluid Flow over a Curved Stretched Surface | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article Numerical Study on Heat Transfer in Carreau Fluids with Nanofluid Flow over a Curved Stretched Surface Fahim Ullah, Muhammad Bilal Ashraf This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4003928/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract This research aims to understand how fluids behave while flowing through curved stretched surfaces. The study covers nonlinear mixed convection, viscous dissipation, heat transfer via nonlinear thermal radiation, thermophoresis, Brownian diffusion, magnetic fields, and complicated nonlinear chemical reactions. Similarity variables are used to translate the governing nonlinear PDEs into nonlinear ODEs. Calculated adjustment simplifies equations' analytical treatment and improves tractability. The Shooting computational framework generates precise numerical solutions that are then persuasively presented. This academic study shows how flow parameter changes affect the geographical distribution of critical flow characteristics, such as velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles in Carreau fluid. The investigation also examines flow parameters, including the skin friction coefficient, Nusselt number, and Sherwood number throughout parameter regimes. Tabular results are tidy. This study adds to our understanding of the intricate interaction between flow characteristics and heat transfer mechanisms in a Carreau fluid across a curved and stretched surface. Physical sciences/Engineering Physical sciences/Materials science Physical sciences/Mathematics and computing Physical sciences/Nanoscience and technology Physical sciences/Physics Carreau fluid Heat transfer Curved surface viscous dissipation Nonlinear thermal radiation MHD Nonlinear mixed convection Nonlinear chemical reaction thermophoresis and Brownian diffusion Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-4003928","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":280920282,"identity":"afca9646-76dd-409b-bf9d-50fecff08ef1","order_by":0,"name":"Fahim Ullah","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAABAklEQVRIiWNgGAWjYBAC9gYehgMMDBYyDBJsQC6bhBxI9MADPFp4DoC1SPDAtBiDtSQQ0MKApIUhsQHEx6uF/ezBQzfbJHj4Z7elSReUWaTPDzv8EGiLnZxuAw4tPHkJh3OBWiTuHDsmPeOcRO7G22kGQC3JxmYHsGuxZ8gxAGthuJHeJs3bBtQyOwGk5UDiNhxaePjfQLTIQ7WkG85O/4BfiwTUFoMbacdAWhLkpXMI2CIBtCXnnASP4Y20ZGuecxKGG6RzCg4kGOD2Cw9/jvHnnDIbObkbaYa3ecrq5OVnp2/+8KHCTg6XFkxgAFZpQKxyEJBvIEX1KBgFo2AUjAQAAD2kW747jAiQAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC","orcid":"","institution":"COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI)","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Fahim","middleName":"","lastName":"Ullah","suffix":""},{"id":280920283,"identity":"c52406ee-3d0c-48dd-86b9-36afdc42257b","order_by":1,"name":"Muhammad Bilal Ashraf","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI)","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Muhammad","middleName":"Bilal","lastName":"Ashraf","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2024-03-01 17:00:51","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4003928/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4003928/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":56520500,"identity":"97956717-1661-46d3-950d-ba156966cce6","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-05-15 08:44:31","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":799549,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"SecondArticle..pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4003928/v1_covered_73a81c32-dfd4-4443-b17c-f414b720ed5b.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Numerical Study on Heat Transfer in Carreau Fluids with Nanofluid Flow over a Curved Stretched Surface","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Carreau fluid, Heat transfer, Curved surface, viscous dissipation, Nonlinear thermal radiation, MHD, Nonlinear mixed convection, Nonlinear chemical reaction, thermophoresis and Brownian diffusion","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4003928/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4003928/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eThis research aims to understand how fluids behave while flowing through curved stretched surfaces. 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