Comparison of Scour Patterns on Non-uniform Sediments Downstream of Arced and Triangular Labyrinth Weirs

Comparison of Scour Patterns on Non-uniform Sediments Downstream of Arced and Triangular Labyrinth Weirs | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article Comparison of Scour Patterns on Non-uniform Sediments Downstream of Arced and Triangular Labyrinth Weirs Gholanhasan Joneid, Javad Mozaffari This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-7536696/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Downstream scour of hydraulic structures such as weirs can lead to structural damage and eventual destruction. This study investigates the downstream scour of labyrinth weirs in non-uniform sediment beds. Experiments were conducted in a 12-meter-long, 80-centimeter-wide laboratory flume using one-cycle and two-cycle triangular and arced labyrinth weirs, each 1.26 meters in length, with a magnification ratio of 1.58. Flow rates of 5, 10, and 15 liters per second were applied over sediments with a median grain diameter of 1.4 mm, maintaining a constant tailwater depth of 10 cm. The experimental results showed that the maximum scour depth occurred at two key locations: (1) the junction between the weir and channel wall, and (2) the intersection of weir cycles. These can be attributed to the transverse flow curvature, nappe collision with the sidewalls, and nappe interference at cycle junctions, which increase flow disruption and ultimately the scour compared to other points. In all weir types, scour increased with a rising water head ratio and decreasing discharge coefficient. The extent of the increase in scour was determined by the decrease in the discharge coefficient. The results showed that weirs with higher performance exhibited a faster decrease in the discharge coefficient and a faster increase in scouring. Hence, the triangular one-cycle weir with the highest performance had the highest decrease in discharge coefficient (20%) and the highest increase in scour (120%). The dimensionless scour ratio (\(\:\frac{{\varvec{d}}_{\varvec{s}\varvec{e}}}{\varvec{P}}\)) was found to be 1.04 and 0.98 for the one-cycle and two-cycle triangular weirs, and 1.09 and 0.93 for the corresponding arced weirs, respectively. Although two-cycle weirs showed slightly lower hydraulic efficiency, they are more suitable from a structural point of view due to their lower scour depth. Physical sciences/Engineering Earth and environmental sciences/Environmental sciences Earth and environmental sciences/Hydrology Froude number maximum scour depth nappe interference flow transverse curvature Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-7536696","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":524130919,"identity":"6ecd135f-45bb-4c92-aa05-b5e9c6011405","order_by":0,"name":"Gholanhasan Joneid","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Arak University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Gholanhasan","middleName":"","lastName":"Joneid","suffix":""},{"id":524130920,"identity":"4bf639ef-51bd-4106-bd98-bfed928a8d3f","order_by":1,"name":"Javad 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Weirs","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Froude number, maximum scour depth, nappe interference, flow transverse curvature","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7536696/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7536696/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eDownstream scour of hydraulic structures such as weirs can lead to structural damage and eventual destruction. This study investigates the downstream scour of labyrinth weirs in non-uniform sediment beds. Experiments were conducted in a 12-meter-long, 80-centimeter-wide laboratory flume using one-cycle and two-cycle triangular and arced labyrinth weirs, each 1.26 meters in length, with a magnification ratio of 1.58. Flow rates of 5, 10, and 15 liters per second were applied over sediments with a median grain diameter of 1.4 mm, maintaining a constant tailwater depth of 10 cm. The experimental results showed that the maximum scour depth occurred at two key locations: (1) the junction between the weir and channel wall, and (2) the intersection of weir cycles. These can be attributed to the transverse flow curvature, nappe collision with the sidewalls, and nappe interference at cycle junctions, which increase flow disruption and ultimately the scour compared to other points. In all weir types, scour increased with a rising water head ratio and decreasing discharge coefficient. The extent of the increase in scour was determined by the decrease in the discharge coefficient. The results showed that weirs with higher performance exhibited a faster decrease in the discharge coefficient and a faster increase in scouring. Hence, the triangular one-cycle weir with the highest performance had the highest decrease in discharge coefficient (20%) and the highest increase in scour (120%). The dimensionless scour ratio (\\(\\:\\frac{{\\varvec{d}}_{\\varvec{s}\\varvec{e}}}{\\varvec{P}}\\)) was found to be 1.04 and 0.98 for the one-cycle and two-cycle triangular weirs, and 1.09 and 0.93 for the corresponding arced weirs, respectively. Although two-cycle weirs showed slightly lower hydraulic efficiency, they are more suitable from a structural point of view due to their lower scour depth.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Comparison of Scour Patterns on Non-uniform Sediments Downstream of Arced and Triangular Labyrinth Weirs","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-10-06 12:59:50","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7536696/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"e5cd6df3-1c75-4c1e-9cb0-291e24bed45b","owner":[],"postedDate":"October 6th, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[{"id":55709509,"name":"Physical sciences/Engineering"},{"id":55709510,"name":"Earth and environmental sciences/Environmental sciences"},{"id":55709511,"name":"Earth and environmental sciences/Hydrology"}],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2026-01-23T14:55:38+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2025-10-06 12:59:50","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-7536696","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-7536696","identity":"rs-7536696","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"8U1c8b4HqxoKbykW_rLl7","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}