Ethnopharmacology and Species diversity of Pteridophyta in Cyathea Park, Bali: A Field study and Literature Review

Abstract Pteridophyta has been studied and conserved at the botanical garden. However, few have found and documented the medicinal properties of Pteridophyta species. The study identified species diversity and ethnopharmacology of Pteridophyta collected in Cyathea Park, Bali. Field exploration research and literature review were used in this study. The research was conducted by directly exploring the species of Pteridophyta collected in Cyathea Park, Bali and literature studies on the benefits and ethnopharmacology of Pteridophyta species are used as candidates and raw materials for traditional medicine. Data search is carried out systematically by utilizing databases and keywords. All the data is examined qualitatively and descriptively. The study's findings indicate nine species: Cyathea contaminans (Wall.ex Hook) Copel, Asplenium nidus L., Asplenium sp., Selaginella sp., Diplazium esculentum ., Angiopteris evecta (G.Forst.) Hoffm, Cyathea sp., Nephrolepis hirsutula (Forst), and Dicksonia blumei (Kunze) Moore. The leaves and shoots are the most frequently used raw materials in medicine. At the same time, the roots, stems, and hair are utilized in planting mediums, crafts, games, and food production. Pteridophyta species treat fever, cough, anticonvulsant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, antidiuretic, antioxidant, insecticide, larvicide, diabetes, and anti-retroviral. As many as nine identified species Pteridophyta in Cyathea Park, Bali has benefits as traditional medicinal agents and has been widely used by the people as the culture of the archipelago. Its pharmacological, phytochemical and toxicity properties need further investigations.