Identification of risk factors and development nomogram for neonatal sepsis in Group B Streptococcus-colonized mothers: A retrospective study

Background: Neonatal clinical sepsis is recognized as a significant health problem, This study sought to identify a predictive model of risk factors for clinical neonatal sepsis. Methods: : A retrospective review about maternal-newborn dichotomy was conducted at our hospital from October 2018 to April 2023. The neonates were divided into cases and controls according to whether neonatal sepsis occurred . Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine risk factors and construct models. Results: : 339 pairs of mothers and their newborns were included in the study and classified into cases (n=84, 24.78%) and controls(n=255, 75.22%) . Logistic regression analysis showed that maternal age ≥26 years (odds ratio [OR] =0.47, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.23-0.96, p=0.038),umbilical cord winding([OR]=1.80,95%[CI]1.06-3.05,p=0.027), maternal gestational diabetes ([OR]=2.14, 95%[CI]1.09-4.20, p=0.027) and neonatal sex as female ([OR]=0.64,95%[CI]0.38-1.00,p=0.050), and forceps assisted delivery ([OR]=4.74, 95%[CI]1.23-18.19, p=0.023) were independent factors affecting neonatal clinical sepsis outcome. A main effects model incorporating the five significant factors was constructed to predict the occurrence of clinical sepsis in neonates with an AUC value of 0. 719 (95%CI：0653～0.786). Conclusions: : A main effects model incorporating the five significant factors was constructed to help healthcare professionals make informed decisions and improve clinical outcomes.