Etiology, Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, Differential Diagnosis, Treatment and Prognosis of Endometriosis

Srinivas G, Ramanjaneyulu D.V., Muralinath E., Guruprasad M., Sravani Pragna K., Manjari P., Sony Sharlet E., T. Nikhil, V. Yaswanth Sai, D. Kusuma Latha, R. Faith Rani, P. Megha Varna, Sahil Manoranjan, M. Malavika Reddy
2024 · doi:10.5281/zenodo.14166778 · W6968060978
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This activity reviews the etiology, epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of endometriosis while explaining patient evaluation and the role of the healthcare team in management.

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This paper provides a comprehensive overview of endometriosis, defining it as a chronic estrogen-dependent condition characterized by the ectopic implantation of functional endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity. It reviews the etiology, epidemiology, and pathophysiology while detailing clinical manifestations such as pelvic pain and infertility, alongside diagnostic and treatment strategies managed by healthcare teams. The text notes that while ovaries are the most frequent site of involvement leading to chocolate cysts, lesions can also occur in the fallopian tubes, ligaments, and distant sites like the pleura or central nervous system. This paper is centrally about endometriosis, serving as a broad review of its definition, distribution, and general management principles.

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Abstract

Endometriosis is a chronic estrogen-dependent chronic condition manifested by the ectopic implantation of functional tissue lining the uterus (endometrial glands and stroma) outside of the uterine cavity. Endometriosis, a word derived from the Greek endo ‘'inside'', metra ''uterus'' and osis ‘' disease,'' remains to certain extent vague, with the most common clinical symptoms being pelvic pain as well as infertility. Most frequently, endometrial tissue is seen in ovaries, leading to the formation of chocolate cysts. Still, it can also be seen in the Fallopian tubes, uterosacral ligaments, the gastrointestinal tract, and less often in the pleura, pericardium, or the central nervous system. This activity explains about the evaluation and treatment of endometriosis and reviews the role of the healthcare team regarding management of patients afflicted with endometriosis.
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Etiology, Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, Differential Diagnosis, Treatment and Prognosis of Endometriosis Description Endometriosis is a chronic estrogen-dependent chronic condition manifested by the ectopic implantation of functional tissue lining the uterus (endometrial glands and stroma) outside of the uterine cavity. Endometriosis, a word derived from the Greek endo ‘'inside'', metra ''uterus'' and osis ‘' disease,'' remains to certain extent vague, with the most common clinical symptoms being pelvic pain as well as infertility. Most frequently, endometrial tissue is seen in ovaries, leading to the formation of chocolate cysts. Still, it can also be seen in the Fallopian tubes, uterosacral ligaments, the gastrointestinal tract, and less often in the pleura, pericardium, or the central nervous system. This activity explains about the evaluation and treatment of endometriosis and reviews the role of the healthcare team regarding management of patients afflicted with endometriosis. Files Etiology, Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, Differential Diagnosis -Formatted Paper.pdf Files (502.0 kB) | Name | Size | Download all | |---|---|---| | md5:589d8eab1c241691f086bcdf131d76c3 | 502.0 kB | Preview Download | Additional details References - 1. Jenkins, S., Olive, D. L., & Haney, A. F. (1986). Endometriosis: Pathogenetic implications of the anatomic distribution. Obstetrics & Gynecology, 67(3), 335-338. - 2. Macer, M. L., & Taylor, H. S. (2012). Endometriosis and infertility: A review of the pathogenesis and treatment of endometriosis-associated infertility. Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics of North America, 39(4), 535-549. - 3. Koninckx, P. R., Barlow, D., & Kennedy, S. (1999). Implantation versus infiltration: The Sampson versus the endometriotic disease theory. Gynecological Obstetric Investigation, 47(Suppl 1), 3-9; discussion 9-10. - 4. Matsuura, K., Ohtake, H., Katabuchi, H., & Okamura, H. (1999). Coelomic metaplasia theory of endometriosis: Evidence from in vivo studies and an in vitro experimental model. Gynecological Obstetric Investigation, 47(Suppl 1), 18-20; discussion 20-22. - 5. Konrad, L., Dietze, R., Kudipudi, P. K., Horné, F., & Meinhold-Heerlein, I. (2019). Endometriosis in MRKH cases as a proof for the coelomic metaplasia hypothesis? Reproduction, 158(2), R41-R47. - 6. Jabr, F. I., & Mani, V. (2014). An unusual cause of abdominal pain in a male patient: Endometriosis. Avicenna Journal of Medicine, 4(4), 99-101. - 7. Vercellini, P., Viganò, P., Somigliana, E., & Fedele, L. (2014). Endometriosis: Pathogenesis and treatment. Nature Reviews Endocrinology, 10(5), 261-275. - 8. Jerman, L. F., & Hey-Cunningham, A. J. (2015). The role of the lymphatic system in endometriosis: A comprehensive review of the literature. Biology of Reproduction, 92(3), 64. - 9. Cousins, F. L., O, D. F., & Gargett, C. E. (2018). Endometrial stem/progenitor cells and their role in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 50, 27-38. - 10. Asghari, S., Valizadeh, A., Aghebati-Maleki, L., Nouri, M., & Yousefi, M. (2018). Endometriosis: Perspective, lights, and shadows of etiology. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 106, 163-174.

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