Spectroscopic He I 1083 nm prominence eruption observations in the middle corona with MLSO/UCoMP

Spectroscopic He I 1083 nm prominence eruption observations in the middle corona with MLSO/UCoMP | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Spectroscopic He I 1083 nm prominence eruption observations in the middle corona with MLSO/UCoMP Chloe Pistelli, Momchil E Molnar, Giuliana de Toma, Joseph Plowman This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-8835720/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Review Version 1 posted 7 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are a major driver of space weather as they propagate through the heliosphere. Many CMEs have associated prominence material entangled in their magnetic structure which contains cooler plasma. This cooler CME component contains significant amounts of neutral elements, which emit brightly in permitted atomic lines. It has been hypothesized that permitted transitions of neutral elements in eruptions could be used for inferring the magnetic field in CMEs, which is crucial for space weather forecasting. We present observations made with the Upgraded Coronal Multi-channel Polarimeter (UCoMP) in He I 1083 nm that clearly show the presence of neutral helium in eruptive prominences associated with CMEs as they propagate through the lower and middle corona. We find that solar prominence eruptions can be detected in He I 1083 nm observations up to the edge of the instrument field of view at ~2 solar radii, providing valuable spectral information that complements existing extreme ultraviolet and white-light coronal imaging observatories. These results illustrate the capability of UCoMP to probe the dynamic behavior of prominence eruptions, allowing for their line-of-sight velocity estimation, and potentially improving space weather forecasting by enabling earlier and more accurate identification of Earth-directed eruptions. Corona Structures Eclipse Observations Spectral Line Intensity and Diagnostics Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Review Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 16 Mar, 2026 Reviews received at journal 13 Mar, 2026 Reviewers agreed at journal 24 Feb, 2026 Reviewers invited by journal 11 Feb, 2026 Editor assigned by journal 10 Feb, 2026 Submission checks completed at journal 10 Feb, 2026 First submitted to journal 09 Feb, 2026 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-8835720","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":589549425,"identity":"f4f72228-1577-4b25-841c-dd3e690f6824","order_by":0,"name":"Chloe Pistelli","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Taylor University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Chloe","middleName":"","lastName":"Pistelli","suffix":""},{"id":589549426,"identity":"98cf318d-42d0-4e12-bd18-4648bb601f94","order_by":1,"name":"Momchil E Molnar","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA2klEQVRIiWNgGAWjYJACZgYDCxDVACRsgJixgRgtEjCVacRqYYBrOUzYUbrt3YmfCwokgIzGtgc/95y3N7h9uIHh455anFrMzpzdLD0D6DCzMwfbDXue3U7ccC6xgXHGs+O4tdzI3cbMA9JyI7FNgufA7QSzM4wNzDwHjhGnRfLPgXP2pGmR5jlwgHEbREsNfr8AtfAA/dImLXMgOXE/UMvBGQcO4NZyvHfjZ54/NnJmx5uPSb45YGcv2cP+8MGHA3U4tcAADwrvAFERhA4I2zIKRsEoGAUjBgAA3yZYrhYFsjwAAAAASUVORK5CYII=","orcid":"","institution":"Southwest Research Institute","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Momchil","middleName":"E","lastName":"Molnar","suffix":""},{"id":589549427,"identity":"35aacda9-8ea0-489e-8e91-a67b0bc2da7f","order_by":2,"name":"Giuliana de Toma","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"National Center for Atmospheric Research","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Giuliana","middleName":"","lastName":"de Toma","suffix":""},{"id":589549428,"identity":"e23ee3ca-1e9d-4f31-a3cc-9dd13c206bf2","order_by":3,"name":"Joseph Plowman","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Southwest Research Institute","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Joseph","middleName":"","lastName":"Plowman","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2026-02-10 03:08:39","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8835720/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8835720/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":102963069,"identity":"e67cb754-4196-45df-b166-cfcd8098a1ed","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-02-19 04:13:12","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":2997000,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"CoMPprominenceobservationsHe1083v260210.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8835720/v1_covered_16d79d26-2d26-4962-a27d-398e3cf9ad77.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"\u003cp\u003eSpectroscopic He I 1083 nm prominence eruption observations in the middle corona with MLSO/UCoMP\u003c/p\u003e","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"solar-physics","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"sola","sideBox":"Learn more about [Solar Physics](http://link.springer.com/journal/11207)","snPcode":"11207","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/11207/3","title":"Solar Physics","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false},"keywords":"Corona, Structures, Eclipse Observations, Spectral Line, Intensity and Diagnostics","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8835720/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8835720/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are a major driver of space weather as they propagate through the heliosphere. Many CMEs have associated prominence material entangled in their magnetic structure which contains cooler plasma. This cooler CME component contains significant amounts of neutral elements, which emit brightly in permitted atomic lines. It has been hypothesized that permitted transitions of neutral elements in eruptions could be used for inferring the magnetic field in CMEs, which is crucial for space weather forecasting. We present observations made with the Upgraded Coronal Multi-channel Polarimeter (UCoMP) in He I 1083 nm that clearly show the presence of neutral helium in eruptive prominences associated with CMEs as they propagate through the lower and middle corona. We find that solar prominence eruptions can be detected in He I 1083 nm observations up to the edge of the instrument field of view at ~2 solar radii, providing valuable spectral information that complements existing extreme ultraviolet and white-light coronal imaging observatories. 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