SVD-based voltage-only identifiability analysis for insulation monitoring in ungrounded networks

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Abstract

This study characterises the identifiability limits of individual insulation admittances in an ungrounded network from phase-to-earth voltage data alone. The Millman nodal balance, recast as a homogeneous real-valued regression, is analysed through singular value decomposition (SVD). The Millman ratio is scale-invariant, so the full admittance vector cannot be uniquely recovered. The SVD exposes instead a near-null subspace whose dimension and stability reflect the insulation state. A two-stage gate on zero-sequence excitation and angular diversity selects which observation windows enter the regression, and five spectral indicators are extracted from the admitted set: effective rank, null-space dimension, conditioning, tail-gap separation, and informative-window share. On a single feeder whose phase-A insulation resistance is swept across several decades, the tail gap widens, the admitted-window fraction grows and the near-null subspace progressively captures the true admittance direction. The onset shifts earlier under healthy-pair symmetry and requires at least two non-triplen harmonics. Cable attenuation, voltage symmetrisation and source-side zero-sequence contamination each impose hard limits that longer records alone do not remove. The framework is diagnostic and refuses to claim identifiability from data that lack the requisite structure.
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SVD-based voltage-only identifiability analysis for insulation monitoring in ungrounded networks | Authorea try { document.documentElement.classList.add('js'); } catch (e) { } var _gaq = _gaq || []; _gaq.push(['_setAccount', 'G-8VDV14Y67G']); _gaq.push(['_trackPageview']); (function() { var ga = document.createElement('script'); ga.type = 'text/javascript'; ga.async = true; ga.src = ('https:' == document.location.protocol ? 'https://ssl' : 'http://www') + '.google-analytics.com/ga.js'; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(ga, s); })(); Skip to main content Preprints Collections Wiley Open Research IET Open Research Ecological Society of Japan All Collections About About Authorea FAQs Contact Us Quick Search anywhere Search for preprint articles, keywords, etc. Search Search ADVANCED SEARCH SCROLL This is a preprint and has not been peer reviewed. Data may be preliminary. 8 April 2026 V1 Latest version Share on SVD-based voltage-only identifiability analysis for insulation monitoring in ungrounded networks Authors : Iskander Kurabayev 0000-0002-4331-4726 , Yermek Sarsikeyev 0000-0002-7209-5024 [email protected] , Assemgul Zhantlessova 0000-0003-3730-0579 , and Murat Shukraliyev Authors Info & Affiliations https://doi.org/10.22541/au.177562296.64067650/v1 170 views 79 downloads Contents Abstract Supplementary Material Information & Authors Metrics & Citations View Options References Figures Tables Media Share Abstract This study characterises the identifiability limits of individual insulation admittances in an ungrounded network from phase-to-earth voltage data alone. The Millman nodal balance, recast as a homogeneous real-valued regression, is analysed through singular value decomposition (SVD). The Millman ratio is scale-invariant, so the full admittance vector cannot be uniquely recovered. The SVD exposes instead a near-null subspace whose dimension and stability reflect the insulation state. A two-stage gate on zero-sequence excitation and angular diversity selects which observation windows enter the regression, and five spectral indicators are extracted from the admitted set: effective rank, null-space dimension, conditioning, tail-gap separation, and informative-window share. On a single feeder whose phase-A insulation resistance is swept across several decades, the tail gap widens, the admitted-window fraction grows and the near-null subspace progressively captures the true admittance direction. The onset shifts earlier under healthy-pair symmetry and requires at least two non-triplen harmonics. Cable attenuation, voltage symmetrisation and source-side zero-sequence contamination each impose hard limits that longer records alone do not remove. The framework is diagnostic and refuses to claim identifiability from data that lack the requisite structure. Supplementary Material File (svd-based voltage-only identifiability analysis for insulation monitoring in ungrounded networks.docx) Download 1.32 MB File (table 1.docx) Download 15.62 KB Information & Authors Information Version history V1 Version 1 08 April 2026 Copyright This work is licensed under a Non Exclusive No Reuse License. Keywords harmonic analysis insulation testing inverse problems singular value decomposition underground distribution systems voltage measurement Authors Affiliations Iskander Kurabayev 0000-0002-4331-4726 S Seifullin Kazakh Agro Technical Research University View all articles by this author Yermek Sarsikeyev 0000-0002-7209-5024 [email protected] S Seifullin Kazakh Agro Technical Research University View all articles by this author Assemgul Zhantlessova 0000-0003-3730-0579 S Seifullin Kazakh Agro Technical Research University View all articles by this author Murat Shukraliyev S Seifullin Kazakh Agro Technical Research University View all articles by this author Metrics & Citations Metrics Article Usage 170 views 79 downloads .FvxKWukQNSOunydq8rnd { width: 100px; } Citations Download citation Iskander Kurabayev, Yermek Sarsikeyev, Assemgul Zhantlessova, et al. SVD-based voltage-only identifiability analysis for insulation monitoring in ungrounded networks. Authorea . 08 April 2026. 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