A smart insole system capable of identifying proper heel raise posture for chronic ankle instability rehabilitation

A smart insole system capable of identifying proper heel raise posture for chronic ankle instability rehabilitation | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article A smart insole system capable of identifying proper heel raise posture for chronic ankle instability rehabilitation Seung-Jong Kim, Jaewook Kim, Seonghyun Kang This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-1426229/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Review Version 1 posted 9 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Heel raise is widely prescribed to patients with chronic ankle instability in order to strengthen the Peroneus Longus muscle (PL) which supports the weakened lateral collateral ligaments. While the exercise itself is intuitive, ankle orientation is of particular importance because heel raises performed with inversion do not well recruit the PL. This implies that proper execution is imperative and a means to assess heel raise training sessions is needed. In this study we present a smart insole system is capable of identifying heel raise events and its corresponding rise, hold and drop phases, which allows for a more descriptive analysis. The results from our heel raise sessions, which consist of four different variants performed by five healthy subjects, suggest that medial-lateral foot pressure distribution and foot orientation are needed to differentiate heel raises performed with ankle eversion and inversion. We go further and substantiate that proper execution, detected by our system, indeed leads to increased PL activation by analyzing the electromyography signals. We believe that the proposed system may provide clinicians with invaluable information regarding onsite as well as at-home training and possibly with biofeedback serve as foundation for software as a medical device. Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Review Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Major revision 19 May, 2022 Reviews received at journal 19 Apr, 2022 Reviewers agreed at journal 15 Apr, 2022 Reviewers agreed at journal 13 Apr, 2022 Reviewers invited by journal 13 Apr, 2022 Editor assigned by journal 13 Apr, 2022 Editor invited by journal 08 Mar, 2022 Submission checks completed at journal 08 Mar, 2022 First submitted to journal 07 Mar, 2022 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-1426229","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":89148358,"identity":"272a5583-071c-453e-9761-df04dbbeffeb","order_by":0,"name":"Seung-Jong Kim","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA60lEQVRIiWNgGAWjYFCCYwwHGP/YyPHzwEXYiNHSkGYs2UO8FqACxobDiQZniNUi33gs8dDNHWkJxmcOH/vwoYZBnr+BLe0DPi0GB44dOJx7xibP7Gxb8swZxxgMZxxgOzwDrxaG4w2Hc9jSis3O8xgz87AxMG5gYG/G77AGsJbDiZv7gVr+/GOwJ6iFAeywtsOJG3h7jJkZ2xgSNzCwHcarA+iXhMM5Z9KMJc4cS2bs7ZNInnGYLRm/w2YcM/6cUwGMyp7kwww/vtnY9re3GeN3mMQBVC4DAzN+DQwM/A2EVIyCUTAKRsGIBwDpUU5pZejQTgAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==","orcid":"","institution":"Korea University College of Medicine","correspondingAuthor":true,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Seung-Jong","middleName":"","lastName":"Kim","suffix":""},{"id":89148356,"identity":"a740e23d-de21-4a8b-9518-c0cbd47b6bb2","order_by":1,"name":"Jaewook Kim","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Korea University College of Medicine","correspondingAuthor":false,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Jaewook","middleName":"","lastName":"Kim","suffix":""},{"id":89148357,"identity":"8c561375-635d-488d-8221-647417029796","order_by":2,"name":"Seonghyun Kang","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Korea University College of Medicine","correspondingAuthor":false,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Seonghyun","middleName":"","lastName":"Kang","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2022-03-07 07:44:05","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-1426229/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1426229/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":19095270,"identity":"1b47eaa6-3e37-46ed-b26f-5d92a9c9668b","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2022-03-10 19:58:25","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":806810,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"HeelRaiseManuscriptInitialSubmission.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-1426229/v1_covered.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"A smart insole system capable of identifying proper heel raise posture for chronic ankle instability rehabilitation","fulltext":[{"header":"Full Text","content":"This preprint is available for \u003ca href='/article/rs-1426229/latest.pdf' target='_blank'\u003edownload as a PDF\u003c/a\u003e."}],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":false,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"scientific-reports","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"scirep","sideBox":"Learn more about [Scientific Reports](http://www.nature.com/srep/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"","title":"Scientific Reports","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"stoa","reportingPortfolio":"Scientific Reports","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-1426229/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1426229/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"Heel raise is widely prescribed to patients with chronic ankle instability in order to strengthen the Peroneus Longus muscle (PL) which supports the weakened lateral collateral ligaments. 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