A guide for stud horse owners to increase their breeding potential

The current review discusses all of the procedures used to increase fertility and ovulation rate during the breeding season or early breeding season in order to produce a large number of foals in a single season. Mare is a seasonal long-day breeder. The age of a mare can impact its reproductive function due to a decrease in the amount of pre-ovulatory follicles, resulting in a reduced pregnancy rate per estrus cycle. Horses are seasonal breeders; mares’ yearly breeding season and circannual rhythm are governed by photoperiod in conjunction with melatonin production. Horses are seasonal breeders; mares’ yearly breeding season and circannual rhythm are governed by photoperiod in conjunction with melatonin production. Equine pituitary extract (EPE), which contains eFSH and eLH, has been shown to promote ovulation in seasonally anestrous mares. GnRH or its analogues cause the anterior pituitary gland to produce LH and FSH, which cause ovulation in seasonally anestrus mares. Native progesterone and synthetic progestogens are utilized in anestrous mares to promote estrus and to synchronize ovulation, making them more susceptible to breeding or embryo transfer. In addition to pituitary gonadotropin, other mechanisms influencing seasonal ovarian activity include prolactin, dopamine, and gonadotropin impact. Stallions are the foundation of equine breeding programs, with selection based on pedigree, performance, conformation, and temperament. Dietary supplementation has been the primary emphasis in addressing animal reproduction issues. Similar to working horses, stud horses require a 10% increase in diet consisting of hay, oats, or lucerne, as well as unlimited access to pasture grass.