An antibody drug conjugate targeting a GSTA glycosite-signature epitope of mucin1 expressed by non-small cell lung cancer

Background Antibodies targeting abnormally glycosylated proteins have been ineffective in treating cancer. Antibody-drug conjugates are emerging as an efficient option, which allow specific delivery of drugs into tumors. We and others have dissected the abnormally glycosylated tandem repeat region of MUC1 glycoprotein as three site-specific glycosylated neoantigen peptide motifs (PDTR, GSTA, GVTS) for monoclonal antibody binding. Methods Internalization of monoclonal antibodies was studied by immunofluorescence staining and colocalization with lysosomal markers in live cells. Antibody positivity in tumor and peritumoral tissue samples were studied by immunohistochemistry. The efficacy of anti-MUC1 ADCs were evaluated with various cancer cell lines and mouse tumor xenograft model. Results We describe an anti-MUC1 ADC by conjugating GSTA neoantigen-specific 16A with monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE). 16A-MMAE showed potent antitumoral efficacy with IC 50 ranging from 0.2 to 49.4 nM toward multiple types of cancer cells. In vivo , 16A-MMAE showed dose-dependent inhibition of tumor growth in mouse xenograft of NCI-H838 NSCLC cell line, with minimum effective dose at 1 mg/kg. At the dose of 3 mg/kg, 16A-MMAE did not cause significant toxicity in a transgenic mouse expressing human MUC1. Conclusions The high antitumoral efficacy of 16A-MMAE suggest that aberrant glycosylated MUC1 neoantigen is a target with high positivity in multiple cancer types for ADC development. Personalized therapy may be achieved by development of glycosite-specific antibody-drug conjugates.