Comparative Analysis of Legal Systems in Managing International Sports Disputes and Strategies to Enhance Countries’ Legal Success before International Tribunals

Comparative Analysis of Legal Systems in Managing International Sports Disputes and Strategies to Enhance Countries’ Legal Success before International Tribunals | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Comparative Analysis of Legal Systems in Managing International Sports Disputes and Strategies to Enhance Countries’ Legal Success before International Tribunals Mojtaba Ghorbani Asiabar, Morteza Ghorbani Asiabar, Alireza Ghorbani Asiabar This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-6730267/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract The effective management of international sports disputes has become a critical concern for national legal systems seeking to protect athletes’ rights and national interests on the global stage. This study conducts a comparative analysis of leading legal frameworks governing international sports dispute resolution, with a particular focus on the Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS) and similar bodies. Employing a mixed-methods approach, we analyzed 120 CAS decisions from 2015 to 2024 using advanced statistical techniques, including multinomial logistic regression and hierarchical cluster analysis, to identify key legal, procedural, and institutional factors influencing successful outcomes for states. Results indicate that countries with specialized legal teams, proactive engagement in international sports governance, and robust national dispute resolution mechanisms achieve significantly higher success rates (p < 0.01) in international sports tribunals. Furthermore, the study highlights the impact of arbitrator selection, procedural fairness, and legal representation quality as critical determinants of case outcomes. Based on these findings, we propose targeted reforms, such as enhanced legal training, strategic arbitrator appointments, and international collaboration, to improve countries’ legal performance in sports-related disputes. These insights offer practical recommendations for policymakers aiming to strengthen their national legal systems within the evolving landscape of international sports law. International sports law Court of Arbitration for Sport legal systems compar-36 ison dispute resolution statistical analysis arbitrator selection policy reform Full Text Additional Declarations The authors declare no competing interests. Statement on Participant Consent: To confirm, all participants involved in the interviews conducted for this research were fully informed about the purpose and scope of the study. Informed consent was obtained from each participant prior to their involvement, in accordance with ethical research standards. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-6730267","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":460799983,"identity":"8be0c9de-8830-4edc-8d89-a1a232d083db","order_by":0,"name":"Mojtaba Ghorbani Asiabar","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA90lEQVRIiWNgGAWjYHCCBAbGBgY5+2bmgw+APB4+IrQkNgC1GBuwsyUbgLSwEaGFEaQl0YCfx0wCxCWoRbe94fmDnzvsEsyZGcwqv+bYybAxMD98dAOPFrMzBxIbe88k51k2M6Tdlt2WDHQYm7FxDj4tNxISG3jbmIsZDjMcuy25jRmohYdNmpCWxr9t9YkNhxnbiiW31ROnpZm37XDihsPMbIwftx0mQgvQL7Nlzxw3lmxmY5Zm3Hach42ZkF+O9yR8fLujWo6f//zHjz+3Vdvzszc/fIxPCzDuEuBMZh4wiVc5CLAfgDMZfxBUPQpGwSgYBSMRAAC1f0tWrA31UgAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6689-4575","institution":"Post-doctorate in management and planning, Payam Noor University, Qazvin, Iran","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Mojtaba","middleName":"Ghorbani","lastName":"Asiabar","suffix":""},{"id":460799984,"identity":"bf0105e7-6d27-48a1-ada0-2cba5156e702","order_by":1,"name":"Morteza Ghorbani Asiabar","email":"","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5226-1522","institution":"Payam Noor University, Qazvin, Iran","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Morteza","middleName":"Ghorbani","lastName":"Asiabar","suffix":""},{"id":460799985,"identity":"281d0434-347c-49aa-aaea-f72e9f1b7b14","order_by":2,"name":"Alireza Ghorbani Asiabar","email":"","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8532-2256","institution":"Payam Noor University, Qazvin, Iran","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Alireza","middleName":"Ghorbani","lastName":"Asiabar","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2025-05-23 07:21:54","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":{"humanSubjects":false,"vertebrateSubjects":false,"conflictsOfInterestStatement":false,"humanSubjectEthicalGuidelines":false,"humanSubjectConsent":false,"humanSubjectClinicalTrial":false,"humanSubjectCaseReport":false,"vertebrateSubjectEthicalGuidelines":false},"doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6730267/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6730267/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":83746834,"identity":"ebbe6ac1-d541-44cb-9bc8-88dc2e188054","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-06-02 04:59:09","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":664382,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"ComparativeAnalysisofLegalSystemsinManagingInternationalSportsDisputesandStrategiestoEnhanceCountriesLegalSuccessbeforeInternationalTribunals.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6730267/v1_covered_1448a0b0-dfc4-482c-89a8-4e722427fa0a.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"\u003cp\u003eThe authors declare no competing interests.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eStatement on Participant Consent: To confirm, all participants involved in the interviews conducted for this research were fully informed about the purpose and scope of the study. 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