Regulation of Ovine Colonic Microbiota, Remodeling of Immune Barrier, and Alleviation of High-Concentrate Diet Stress by Yeast Culture

Regulation of Ovine Colonic Microbiota, Remodeling of Immune Barrier, and Alleviation of High-Concentrate Diet Stress by Yeast Culture | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Regulation of Ovine Colonic Microbiota, Remodeling of Immune Barrier, and Alleviation of High-Concentrate Diet Stress by Yeast Culture Haoke Li, Mingqiang Niu, Jinping Shi, Zhixiong Tang, Feifei Yang, and 2 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-9195091/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Review Version 1 posted 8 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Background To investigate the reparative effects of yeast culture on colonic damage in sheep caused by high-concentrate diets, this study selected 45 three-month-old Du Han F1 sheep of similar body condition and randomly divided them into three groups: a control group (CON) fed a standard diet, a high-concentrate diet (HC) group, and a yeast culture treatment group. A 15-day pretrial period was followed by a 60-day main trial. Following the feeding trial, colonic contents and colonic tissue samples were collected. Results Results indicate that feeding a high-concentrate diet caused damage to both the colonic mucosa and muscularis layers. Compared with the control group (CON), the high-concentrate diet (HC) group presented 29 DEGs. Following the addition of yeast culture (YC), the number of differentially expressed genes increased to 683, among which 6 were YC-specific genes. Eight differentially abundant bacterial genera were identified: increased abundance of [Eubacterium]-xylanophilum-group, Alistipes, Gastranaerophilales, Lachnospiraceae-UCG-010, and Cyanobacteria; decreased abundance of Ruminococcaceae;uncultured, Akkermansia, and Verrucomicrobiota . Concurrently, VFA levels decreased while ammonia nitrogen levels increased, accompanied by abnormal expression of host immune barrier-related genes (e.g., CLDN1 , CXCL8 ). In the HCY group, colonic mucosal integrity improved, microbial composition underwent significant changes, VFA levels rebounded, and ammonia nitrogen levels decreased. Conclusions This indicates that YC modulates the “microbiota-VFA-host”axis network to a certain extent. Sheep Colon Yeast culture VFAs Microorganisms Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Supplementary Files SupplementaryFile.docx Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Review Version 1 posted Reviews received at journal 11 May, 2026 Reviewers agreed at journal 08 May, 2026 Reviewers agreed at journal 21 Apr, 2026 Reviewers invited by journal 20 Apr, 2026 Editor assigned by journal 20 Apr, 2026 Editor invited by journal 20 Apr, 2026 Submission checks completed at journal 18 Apr, 2026 First submitted to journal 18 Apr, 2026 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-9195091","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":629566001,"identity":"cc7d3584-ae95-4e20-8341-8f02f4290c55","order_by":0,"name":"Haoke Li","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Gansu Agricultural University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Haoke","middleName":"","lastName":"Li","suffix":""},{"id":629566002,"identity":"85e6027a-a771-4264-a434-049339fa7a2e","order_by":1,"name":"Mingqiang Niu","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Gansu Agriculture 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of High-Concentrate Diet Stress by Yeast Culture","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"bmc-veterinary-research","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"Learn more about [BMC Veterinary Research](http://bmcvetres.biomedcentral.com/)","snPcode":"12917","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/12917/3?","title":"BMC Veterinary 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A 15-day pretrial period was followed by a 60-day main trial. Following the feeding trial, colonic contents and colonic tissue samples were collected.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eResults \u003c/strong\u003eResults indicate that feeding a high-concentrate diet caused damage to both the colonic mucosa and muscularis layers. Compared with the control group (CON), the high-concentrate diet (HC) group presented 29 DEGs. Following the addition of yeast culture (YC), the number of differentially expressed genes increased to 683, among which 6 were YC-specific genes. Eight differentially abundant bacterial genera were identified: increased abundance of \u003cem\u003e[Eubacterium]-xylanophilum-group, Alistipes, Gastranaerophilales, Lachnospiraceae-UCG-010,\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eCyanobacteria;\u003c/em\u003edecreased abundance of \u003cem\u003eRuminococcaceae;uncultured, Akkermansia, \u003c/em\u003eand\u003cem\u003eVerrucomicrobiota\u003c/em\u003e. Concurrently, VFA levels decreased while ammonia nitrogen levels increased, accompanied by abnormal expression of host immune barrier-related genes (e.g., \u003cem\u003eCLDN1\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eCXCL8\u003c/em\u003e). In the HCY group, colonic mucosal integrity improved, microbial composition underwent significant changes, VFA levels rebounded, and ammonia nitrogen levels decreased.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eConclusions \u003c/strong\u003eThis indicates that YC modulates the “microbiota-VFA-host”axis network to a certain extent.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Regulation of Ovine Colonic Microbiota, Remodeling of Immune Barrier, and Alleviation of High-Concentrate Diet Stress by Yeast Culture","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2026-04-28 17:16:20","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-9195091/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2026-05-12T03:55:30+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"54773329338351839334877096994145772082","date":"2026-05-08T14:03:10+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"50005586549829927203709546330414131728","date":"2026-04-21T06:05:03+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2026-04-20T12:55:16+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2026-04-20T12:13:09+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvited","content":"","date":"2026-04-20T11:37:41+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"checksComplete","content":"","date":"2026-04-19T03:34:42+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"BMC Veterinary Research","date":"2026-04-19T03:28:51+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"bmc-veterinary-research","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"Learn more about [BMC Veterinary Research](http://bmcvetres.biomedcentral.com/)","snPcode":"12917","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/12917/3?","title":"BMC Veterinary Research","twitterHandle":"@BMC_series","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"stoa","reportingPortfolio":"BMC Series","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"0ce9660e-14ab-4033-a85f-19ced12c5428","owner":[],"postedDate":"April 28th, 2026","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2026-05-12T03:55:30+00:00","index":64,"fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"54773329338351839334877096994145772082","date":"2026-05-08T14:03:10+00:00","index":61,"fulltext":""}],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"under-review","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2026-04-28T17:16:21+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2026-04-28 17:16:20","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-9195091","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-9195091","identity":"rs-9195091","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"XKTyCvWXoU3ODBz1xrDgd","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}