Numerical Analysis of Raft Foundation on Marine Clay Ground with Consideration of The Groundwater Level Variations

Numerical Analysis of Raft Foundation on Marine Clay Ground with Consideration of The Groundwater Level Variations | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Numerical Analysis of Raft Foundation on Marine Clay Ground with Consideration of The Groundwater Level Variations Thy Truc Doan This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-6632177/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract The research’s objectives measure the vertical displacement (or settlement) of the marine clay ground under the Raft foundation as the groundwater levels (GWL) change at different depths. The experimental method with the Vietnam Standards (TCVN) and simulation method by the PLAXIS 3D software (or Finite element method) is done to determine the ground settlement. The study results describe the maximum settlement obtained at 20.77 cm at 22.3 m of the GWL depths with a loading is 800 kN/m 2 . Moreover, the Total deformation Modulus K deformation of 44.38 kN/m 2 with the Cohesion force K cohesion of 40.2 kN/m 2 , and Young elastic Modulus, K Yeelastic of 200.78x10 2 kN/m 2 from 15.3m to 19.5m of GWL depths; whereas the Shear resistance K shear resistance obtains 124.1 kN/m 2 with loading 200 (kN/m 2 ) according to vertical displacement K dis of 0.052 cm at 14.8 m depth. In comparison with simulated results indicate the maximum settlement is 150.7 cm with Cohesion force C simu of 32.2 kN/m 2 , Young modulus E simu of 141.2 x10 2 kN/m 2 where the active and passive pore water pressures obtain 227 kN/m 2 at 7.3 m of depth with a settlement K simudis of 25.180 cm. In conclusion, these results supply useful references to Geology and Civil engineering in the future. Geology Raft foundation Vertical Displacement (Settlement) Finite element modeling Groundwater level Pore pressure. Full Text Additional Declarations The authors declare no competing interests. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-6632177","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":454553446,"identity":"558f4dd8-99ae-4be6-90f1-2bc0898fe127","order_by":0,"name":"Thy Truc Doan","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA0klEQVRIiWNgGAWjYDCCAwxsDAwVDAwSYB4bMVqOMQOVnSFZC2MbKVr47vcfe8w773CeZP8aA4YPZYcZDG434NcieYyZ3Zh32+FiaYk3BowzzgG13DmAX4sB0GHSvNvSEudJnDFg5m07zCA5I4EYLXOgWv4Sr6XBJnE2f48BMyNQC78EAS2Sx5LNJOccs0mcOYOt4GDPuXQeglr4Dh98JvGmRiJxxvnDGx/8KLOWYyOkBQSYeEAkUOUBIMVDWD0QMP4AkfwHiFI8CkbBKBgFIxAAAA7pQMjregp4AAAAAElFTkSuQmCC","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0010-9730","institution":"Kien Giang University","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Thy","middleName":"Truc","lastName":"Doan","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2025-05-10 03:24:49","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":{"humanSubjects":false,"vertebrateSubjects":false,"conflictsOfInterestStatement":false,"humanSubjectEthicalGuidelines":false,"humanSubjectConsent":false,"humanSubjectClinicalTrial":false,"humanSubjectCaseReport":false,"vertebrateSubjectEthicalGuidelines":false},"doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6632177/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6632177/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":82576017,"identity":"8b2fc1d8-b6a3-47eb-b9af-92aa7c94eba7","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-05-13 05:28:30","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":703070,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"Manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6632177/v1_covered_41b76988-d423-4591-b0b3-bf663df46acd.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"The authors declare no competing interests.","formattedTitle":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNumerical Analysis of Raft Foundation on Marine Clay Ground with Consideration of The Groundwater Level Variations\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":true,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Raft foundation, Vertical Displacement (Settlement), Finite element modeling, Groundwater level, Pore pressure.","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6632177/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6632177/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eThe research’s objectives measure the vertical displacement (or settlement) of the marine clay ground under the Raft foundation as the groundwater levels (GWL) change at different depths. The experimental method with the Vietnam Standards (TCVN) and simulation method by the PLAXIS 3D software (or Finite element method) is done to determine the ground settlement. The study results describe the maximum settlement obtained at 20.77 cm at 22.3 m of the GWL depths with a loading is 800 kN/m\u003c/em\u003e\u003csup\u003e\u003cem\u003e2\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003cem\u003e. Moreover, the Total deformation Modulus K\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003cem\u003edeformation\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sub\u003e\u003cem\u003e of 44.38 kN/m\u003c/em\u003e\u003csup\u003e\u003cem\u003e2 \u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003cem\u003ewith the Cohesion force K\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003cem\u003ecohesion \u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sub\u003e\u003cem\u003eof 40.2 kN/m\u003c/em\u003e\u003csup\u003e\u003cem\u003e2\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003cem\u003e, and Young elastic Modulus, K\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003cem\u003eYeelastic\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sub\u003e\u003cem\u003e of 200.78x10\u003c/em\u003e\u003csup\u003e\u003cem\u003e2\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003cem\u003e kN/m\u003c/em\u003e\u003csup\u003e\u003cem\u003e2\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003cem\u003e from 15.3m to 19.5m of GWL depths; whereas the Shear resistance K\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003cem\u003eshear resistance \u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sub\u003e\u003cem\u003eobtains 124.1 kN/m\u003c/em\u003e\u003csup\u003e\u003cem\u003e2\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003cem\u003e with loading 200 (kN/m\u003c/em\u003e\u003csup\u003e\u003cem\u003e2\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003cem\u003e) according to vertical displacement K\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003cem\u003edis\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sub\u003e\u003cem\u003e of 0.052 cm at 14.8 m depth. In comparison with simulated results indicate the maximum settlement is 150.7 cm with Cohesion force C\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003cem\u003esimu\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sub\u003e\u003cem\u003e of 32.2 kN/m\u003c/em\u003e\u003csup\u003e\u003cem\u003e2\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003cem\u003e, Young modulus E\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003cem\u003esimu\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sub\u003e\u003cem\u003e of 141.2 x10\u003c/em\u003e\u003csup\u003e\u003cem\u003e2\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003cem\u003e kN/m\u003c/em\u003e\u003csup\u003e\u003cem\u003e2\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003cem\u003e where the active and passive pore water pressures obtain 227 kN/m\u003c/em\u003e\u003csup\u003e\u003cem\u003e2 \u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003cem\u003eat 7.3 m of depth with a settlement K\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003cem\u003esimudis\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sub\u003e\u003cem\u003e of 25.180 cm. In conclusion, these results supply useful references to Geology and Civil engineering in the future.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Numerical Analysis of Raft Foundation on Marine Clay Ground with Consideration of The Groundwater Level Variations","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-05-13 05:02:06","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6632177/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"33535ee4-b394-4213-af50-6545394f5433","owner":[],"postedDate":"May 13th, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[{"id":48335660,"name":"Geology"}],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2025-05-13T05:02:06+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2025-05-13 05:02:06","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-6632177","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-6632177","identity":"rs-6632177","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"8U1c8b4HqxoKbykW_rLl7","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}