Wake Characterization of Building Clusters Immersed in Atmospheric Boundary Layers

Wake Characterization of Building Clusters Immersed in Atmospheric Boundary Layers | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Wake Characterization of Building Clusters Immersed in Atmospheric Boundary Layers Abhishek Mishra, Marco Placidi, Matteo Carpentieri, Alan Robins This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2777274/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 04 Oct, 2023 Read the published version in Boundary-Layer Meteorology → Version 1 posted 7 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Wind tunnel experiments were conducted to understand the effect of building array size ( N ), aspect ratio ( AR ), and the spacing between building ( W S ) on the mean structure and decay of their wakes. Arrays of size 3×3, 4×4,and 5×5, AR = 4, 6, and 8, and W S = 0.5 W B , 1 W B , 2 W B and 4 W B (where W B is the building width) were considered. Three different wake regimes behind the clusters were identified: near-, transition-, and far-wake regimes. The results suggest that the spatial extent of these wake regimes is governed by the overall array width ( W A ). The effects of individual buildings are observed to be dominant in the near-wake regime (0 < x/ W A < 0.5) where individual wakes appear behind each building. These wakes are observed to merge together in the ‘transition wake region’ (0.5 < x/W A 1.5), the wake characteristics and scales of building clusters wakes are similar to those downstream of a single isolated building. Accordingly, new local and global scaling parameters in the near- and far-wake regimes are introduced. The decay of the centreline velocity deficit is then modelled as a function of the three parameters considered in the experiment. Tall buildings clusters Wind tunnel Urban canopy Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 04 Oct, 2023 Read the published version in Boundary-Layer Meteorology → Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Major revision 22 May, 2023 Reviews received at journal 06 May, 2023 Reviewers agreed at journal 07 Apr, 2023 Reviewers invited by journal 07 Apr, 2023 Editor assigned by journal 07 Apr, 2023 Submission checks completed at journal 07 Apr, 2023 First submitted to journal 04 Apr, 2023 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-2777274","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":189978464,"identity":"43f6dac0-aaff-46a1-8eea-531e228bbc75","order_by":0,"name":"Abhishek Mishra","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"University of Surrey","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Abhishek","middleName":"","lastName":"Mishra","suffix":""},{"id":189978465,"identity":"c7834677-0bc4-4f4d-93dd-123b8f4c5017","order_by":1,"name":"Marco Placidi","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA7UlEQVRIiWNgGAWjYHACxgMMDBKMbewNyIIH8OuBaOE5gCZGQAsDY4NEApFadBt4Dxz4UWMh2yf5/Jl05R6bxAb2ww+Yec7g1mJ2gC/hYM8xCeM26RwzyTPP0hIbeNIMmHlu4NPCY3CAt0EiEaiFTbLhwOHEBoYcBmaeD/i1HPwL0iJ5/BlQy//EBv43hLUcBtsiwWAG1HIgsUECZAs+hx3mSzgsA/ILT46xZcOBZOM2iWcGB+fg8/7x3oMP39TUyc5vP/7wZsMBO9l+/uSHD94cw60F6AZUvmMbA8GIRNNij1/1KBgFo2AUjEQAAJrmVF5dhwkhAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC","orcid":"","institution":"University of Surrey","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Marco","middleName":"","lastName":"Placidi","suffix":""},{"id":189978468,"identity":"4d1b0e72-235a-42f8-b6d8-6f63aa437339","order_by":2,"name":"Matteo Carpentieri","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"University of Surrey","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Matteo","middleName":"","lastName":"Carpentieri","suffix":""},{"id":189978470,"identity":"0089ce0f-0868-4da7-9416-f6e6ebecf4e9","order_by":3,"name":"Alan Robins","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"University of Surrey","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Alan","middleName":"","lastName":"Robins","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2023-04-04 15:14:29","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-2777274/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-2777274/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[{"content":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10546-023-00830-0","type":"published","date":"2023-10-04T15:01:59+00:00"}],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":44302255,"identity":"e6d167ab-0857-449c-9a06-c7f10b135cde","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2023-10-09 15:09:52","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":2368198,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"ManuscriptBLM.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-2777274/v1_covered_b0e283f1-faee-469d-9965-792bbf492669.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Wake Characterization of Building Clusters Immersed in Atmospheric Boundary Layers","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"boundary-layer-meteorology","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"boun","sideBox":"Learn more about [Boundary-Layer Meteorology](http://link.springer.com/journal/10546)","snPcode":"10546","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/10546/3","title":"Boundary-Layer Meteorology","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false},"keywords":"Tall buildings clusters, Wind tunnel, Urban canopy","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-2777274/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-2777274/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eWind tunnel experiments were conducted to understand the effect of building array size (\u003cem\u003eN\u003c/em\u003e), aspect ratio (\u003cem\u003eAR\u003c/em\u003e), and the spacing between building (\u003cem\u003eW\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003cem\u003eS\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sub\u003e) on the mean structure and decay of their wakes. Arrays of size 3×3, 4×4,and 5×5, AR = 4, 6, and 8, and \u003cem\u003eW\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003eS\u003c/sub\u003e = 0.5\u003cem\u003eW\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003cem\u003eB\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sub\u003e, 1\u003cem\u003eW\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003cem\u003eB\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sub\u003e, 2\u003cem\u003eW\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003cem\u003eB\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sub\u003e and 4\u003cem\u003eW\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003cem\u003eB\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sub\u003e (where \u003cem\u003eW\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003cem\u003eB\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sub\u003e is the building width) were considered. Three different wake regimes behind the clusters were identified: near-, transition-, and far-wake regimes. The results suggest that the spatial extent of these wake regimes is governed by the overall array width (\u003cem\u003eW\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003cem\u003eA\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sub\u003e). The effects of individual buildings are observed to be dominant in the near-wake regime (0 \u0026lt; x/\u003cem\u003eW\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003cem\u003eA\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sub\u003e \u0026lt; 0.5) where individual wakes appear behind each building. These wakes are observed to merge together in the ‘transition wake region’ (0.5 \u0026lt; \u003cem\u003ex/W\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003cem\u003eA\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sub\u003e \u0026lt; 1.5), forming a combined wake in which the individual contributions are no longer apparent. In the far-wake regime (\u003cem\u003ex/W\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003cem\u003eA\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sub\u003e \u0026gt; 1.5), the wake characteristics and scales of building clusters wakes are similar to those downstream of a single isolated building. Accordingly, new local and global scaling parameters in the near- and far-wake regimes are introduced. The decay of the centreline velocity deficit is then modelled as a function of the three parameters considered in the experiment.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Wake Characterization of Building Clusters Immersed in Atmospheric Boundary Layers","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2023-04-10 05:30:59","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-2777274/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"decision","content":"Major revision","date":"2023-05-22T16:18:44+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2023-05-06T08:16:02+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"0013f4bf-9d4f-4e9d-826b-c4317bc39e18","date":"2023-04-07T18:25:19+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2023-04-07T12:03:00+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2023-04-07T11:15:53+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"checksComplete","content":"","date":"2023-04-07T11:15:53+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"Boundary-Layer Meteorology","date":"2023-04-04T15:12:26+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"boundary-layer-meteorology","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"boun","sideBox":"Learn more about [Boundary-Layer Meteorology](http://link.springer.com/journal/10546)","snPcode":"10546","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/10546/3","title":"Boundary-Layer Meteorology","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"87a739ad-4760-432b-a969-4f1f205c26fe","owner":[],"postedDate":"April 10th, 2023","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"published-in-journal","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2023-10-09T15:07:37+00:00","versionOfRecord":{"articleIdentity":"rs-2777274","link":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10546-023-00830-0","journal":{"identity":"boundary-layer-meteorology","isVorOnly":false,"title":"Boundary-Layer Meteorology"},"publishedOn":"2023-10-04 15:01:59","publishedOnDateReadable":"October 4th, 2023"},"versionCreatedAt":"2023-04-10 05:30:59","video":"","vorDoi":"10.1007/s10546-023-00830-0","vorDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10546-023-00830-0","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-2777274","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-2777274","identity":"rs-2777274","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"_2-kVJe1T_tPrBINL-cwx","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}