Significant and persistent carryover effects in Scots pine

2024 · doi:10.1101/2024.08.23.609343
preprint OA: gold CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0
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Scots pine plants raised in contrasting nursery environments exhibited significant, persistent growth and phenology differences for years after field transplantation, modulated by their site of origin.

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This paper tracked Scots pine individuals from germination to 15 years old, exposing plants with common genetic backgrounds to contrasting early-life nursery environments and then measuring growth and phenology after transplanting to field sites. Significant carryover effects from the early environment were observed and persisted for years, with growth differences apparent for 10 years and phenology differences for 6 years after transplantation. The authors also found an interaction between the site of origin and carryover effects, indicating that local adaptation contributed alongside early environment effects, and they note major implications for nursery-grown plant use in global planting initiatives. The paper does not explicitly discuss endometriosis or adenomyosis; it was included in the corpus via a keyword match in the upstream search index.

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Abstract

After tracking Scots pine plants from germination to 15 years old, through contrasting early life environments, we observed significant and persistent carryover effects. Groups of plants from common genetic backgrounds were raised in distinct nursery environments, and growth and phenology traits were measured repeatedly once trees had established in their field sites. Growth and phenology differences were evident for 10 and 6 years post-transplantation to the field, respectively. There was a clear interaction between site of origin and carryover effect, indicating that local adaptation also played a role. Given the increasing rate of tree planting initiatives being undertaken around the world in the name of the climate and biodiversity crises, and the strong dependence on those initiatives of nursery-grown plants, our finding of strong carryover effects of the early life environment has significant implications.
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Abstract After tracking Scots pine plants from germination to 15 years old, through contrasting early life environments, we observed significant and persistent carryover effects. Groups of plants from common genetic backgrounds were raised in distinct nursery environments, and growth and phenology traits were measured repeatedly once trees had established in their field sites. Growth and phenology differences were evident for 10 and 6 years post-transplantation to the field, respectively. There was a clear interaction between site of origin and carryover effect, indicating that local adaptation also played a role. Given the increasing rate of tree planting initiatives being undertaken around the world in the name of the climate and biodiversity crises, and the strong dependence on those initiatives of nursery-grown plants, our finding of strong carryover effects of the early life environment has significant implications. Competing Interest Statement The authors have declared no competing interest.

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License: CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0