Establishment of tissue culture regeneration system of Ficus tikoua

Abstract Ficus tikoua Bur. is an ecologically functional perennial vine that belongs to the genus Ficus in the family Moraceae. Vitro cultures are considered crucial for F. tikoua embryo's rapid propagation. The present study aimed to evaluate in vitro F. tikoua organogenesis using stem explants. By comparing different hormones and their ratios, the medium formula suitable for different stages of differentiation was screened, and the tissue culture rapid propagation system was established. The results indicated that the survival rate of explants could reach 82.22% after treating them with 0.1% HgCl2 (plus TWEEN-20) surface disinfection for 14 to 16 minutes. Explants were cultured on MS medium, supplemented with different concentrations of Thidiazoron (TDZ) with 6-Benzylaminopurine (6-BA) and Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) to study their efficacy in vitro shoot organogenesis. It was revealed that the combination of 0.5 mg L-1 6-BA, 1 mg L-1 NAA, and 1mg L-1 TDZ is the most effective for callus formation (91.1%) and that the combination of 2 mg L-1 6-BA and 0.5 mg L-1 TDZ is the most effective for adventitious shoot induction (61.11%). The highest number of Bud multiplication was obtained in the medium supplemented with 1 mg L-1 6-BA, 1 mg L-1 NAA, and 0.5 mg L-1 TDZ, which yielded a 6.05 proliferation factor. The obtained shoots were rooted easily on a half-strength MS medium, containing 1 mg L-1 IBA and 0.1mg L-1 NAA(68.52%). The cultivation substrate ratio was garden soil: perlite: vermiculite = 2: 1: 1, and the survival rate was 86.17%.