Removal of organic matters, phosphates and nitrates present in pond wastewater using chemical coagulant solutions

Removal of organic matters, phosphates and nitrates present in pond wastewater using chemical coagulant solutions | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Removal of organic matters, phosphates and nitrates present in pond wastewater using chemical coagulant solutions Nouria NABBOU, Elhassan BENYAGOUB, Meriem BEKADOUR, Boudjemaa LARABI, and 1 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-7364057/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 15 Oct, 2025 Read the published version in BMC Chemistry → Version 1 posted 10 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract The study aims to treat and remove of organic matters, phosphates and nitrates present in fish pond wastewater using chemical coagulants at different concentrations [FeSO 4 , FeCl 3 , and Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 ] through coagulation-precipitation. These effluents are discharged without any treatment. Fish pond wastewaters were subjected to a series of physicochemical and bacteriological analyses before and after treatment according to standard methods. The results of the main physicochemical and bacteriological characteristics of the fish pond wastewater released from a fish farm located in Taghit-Bechar (Southwest of Algeria) show values exceed the Algerian norms for liquid discharges. These values include organic matter (chemical oxygen demand (COD) = 285.42 mgO 2 /L, biological oxygen demand (BOD) = 226.71 mgO 2 /L, oxidizable materials (OM) = 56 mgO 2 /L), total suspended solid (TSS) (45 mg/L), phosphate (2.60 mg/L), nitrate (80 mg/L), fecal coliforms (3.07 log MPN/100mL) and fecal streptococci (3.32 log MPN/100mL). The treatment results showed that the optimum concentration varies around 50 mg/L for ferric chloride and ferric sulfate, and 80 mg/L for aluminum sulfate. At these optimum doses, treatment yields are satisfactory for the abatement of organic pollution, namely; SS, OM, COD, and BOD 5 with a rate of 80%, 64.3%, 91%, and 84% for ferric chloride; 87%, 68.6%, 93%, and 86 for ferric sulfate and 95%, 71.5%, 96% and 87 for aluminum sulfate, respectively. Nitrate and phosphate removal performance was excellent, with removal rates of 92% and 97% for ferric chloride, 94% and 99% for ferric sulfate, and 95% and 98% for aluminum sulfate, respectively. The pollutant parameters tested appear to be better eliminated with ferric chloride in a pH range between 6 and 8 for organic matter (MO, COD, BOD), and between 8 and 10 for phosphates and nitrates. The best results were recorded for ferric sulfate and aluminum sulfate. However, the three coagulants effectively removed bacterial pollution indicators, such as fecal coliforms and fecal streptococci. fish pond wastewater treatment coagulation precipitation chemical coagulants organic matter nitrates phosphates Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 15 Oct, 2025 Read the published version in BMC Chemistry → Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 28 Aug, 2025 Reviews received at journal 27 Aug, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 20 Aug, 2025 Reviews received at journal 17 Aug, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 15 Aug, 2025 Reviewers invited by journal 15 Aug, 2025 Editor invited by journal 15 Aug, 2025 Editor assigned by journal 14 Aug, 2025 Submission checks completed at journal 14 Aug, 2025 First submitted to journal 13 Aug, 2025 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-7364057","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":503800064,"identity":"e0491189-292a-4434-91a4-7e4599e6547e","order_by":0,"name":"Nouria 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Chemistry","twitterHandle":"BMC_series","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"BMC Series","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"fish pond, wastewater, treatment, coagulation, precipitation, chemical coagulants, organic matter, nitrates, phosphates","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7364057/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7364057/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eThe study aims to treat and remove of organic matters, phosphates and nitrates present in fish pond wastewater using chemical coagulants at different concentrations [FeSO\u003csub\u003e4\u003c/sub\u003e, FeCl\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e, and Al\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e(SO\u003csub\u003e4\u003c/sub\u003e)\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e] through coagulation-precipitation. These effluents are discharged without any treatment. Fish pond wastewaters were subjected to a series of physicochemical and bacteriological analyses before and after treatment according to standard methods. The results of the main physicochemical and bacteriological characteristics of the fish pond wastewater released from a fish farm located in Taghit-Bechar (Southwest of Algeria) show values exceed the Algerian norms for liquid discharges. These values include organic matter (chemical oxygen demand (COD)\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;285.42 mgO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e/L, biological oxygen demand (BOD)\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;226.71 mgO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e/L, oxidizable materials (OM)\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;56 mgO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e/L), total suspended solid (TSS) (45 mg/L), phosphate (2.60 mg/L), nitrate (80 mg/L), fecal coliforms (3.07 log MPN/100mL) and fecal streptococci (3.32 log MPN/100mL).\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe treatment results showed that the optimum concentration varies around 50 mg/L for ferric chloride and ferric sulfate, and 80 mg/L for aluminum sulfate. At these optimum doses, treatment yields are satisfactory for the abatement of organic pollution, namely; SS, OM, COD, and BOD\u003csub\u003e5\u003c/sub\u003e with a rate of 80%, 64.3%, 91%, and 84% for ferric chloride; 87%, 68.6%, 93%, and 86 for ferric sulfate and 95%, 71.5%, 96% and 87 for aluminum sulfate, respectively. Nitrate and phosphate removal performance was excellent, with removal rates of 92% and 97% for ferric chloride, 94% and 99% for ferric sulfate, and 95% and 98% for aluminum sulfate, respectively. The pollutant parameters tested appear to be better eliminated with ferric chloride in a pH range between 6 and 8 for organic matter (MO, COD, BOD), and between 8 and 10 for phosphates and nitrates. The best results were recorded for ferric sulfate and aluminum sulfate. However, the three coagulants effectively removed bacterial pollution indicators, such as fecal coliforms and fecal streptococci.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Removal of organic matters, phosphates and nitrates present in pond wastewater using chemical coagulant solutions","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-08-22 11:29:29","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7364057/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"decision","content":"Revision requested","date":"2025-08-28T09:45:44+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2025-08-27T08:29:11+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"270618181960480137939526214432473094174","date":"2025-08-21T02:20:12+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2025-08-17T20:27:29+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"129253952951404098547954146225005827634","date":"2025-08-15T18:51:17+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2025-08-15T09:45:33+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvited","content":"","date":"2025-08-15T09:37:51+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2025-08-15T02:03:47+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"checksComplete","content":"","date":"2025-08-15T02:02:27+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"BMC Chemistry","date":"2025-08-13T10:34:13+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"bmc-chemistry","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"ccjo","sideBox":"Learn more about [BMC Chemistry](https://bmcchem.biomedcentral.com/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"https://www.editorialmanager.com/ccjo/default.aspx","title":"BMC Chemistry","twitterHandle":"BMC_series","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"BMC Series","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"af5a4656-52b2-4e6d-b938-a5b489638202","owner":[],"postedDate":"August 22nd, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"published-in-journal","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2025-10-20T16:07:14+00:00","versionOfRecord":{"articleIdentity":"rs-7364057","link":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13065-025-01642-8","journal":{"identity":"bmc-chemistry","isVorOnly":false,"title":"BMC Chemistry"},"publishedOn":"2025-10-15 15:58:07","publishedOnDateReadable":"October 15th, 2025"},"versionCreatedAt":"2025-08-22 11:29:29","video":"","vorDoi":"10.1186/s13065-025-01642-8","vorDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13065-025-01642-8","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-7364057","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-7364057","identity":"rs-7364057","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"8U1c8b4HqxoKbykW_rLl7","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}