Emerin expression stratification across breast cancer subtypes

2025 · doi:10.1101/2025.07.03.663032
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This study found reduced emerin expression in various breast cancer subtypes, correlating with advanced stage, higher proliferation, HER2 positivity, and ER/PR negativity, suggesting its role in tumor dedifferentiation.

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This study measured nuclear envelope-localized emerin expression in 243 breast cancer patient samples spanning multiple tumor grades, stages, and molecular phenotypes, comparing emerin levels across invasive and in situ subtypes to normal breast tissue. The authors found significantly reduced emerin expression in invasive ductal carcinoma, invasive lobular carcinoma, and ductal carcinoma in situ compared with normal tissue, and emerin loss was associated with advanced tumor stage, higher Ki-67 proliferation, higher HER2 levels, and lower ER and PR expression, consistent with more aggressive breast cancer biology. A key limitation noted in the context of their prior work is that earlier analyses lacked power to test correlations with stage, grade, proliferation, and molecular phenotype, which this study aimed to address with its larger cohort. The paper does not explicitly discuss endometriosis or adenomyosis; it was included in the corpus via a keyword match in the upstream search index.

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Abstract

Nuclear dysmorphism is a critical indicator of tumor aggressiveness, influencing cancer cell invasion and metastasis. Emerin, an integral nuclear envelope protein involved in nuclear architecture, is important for maintaining nuclear integrity. Our previous work demonstrated an inverse correlation between nuclear envelope-localized emerin expression and breast cancer aggressiveness. However, it failed to have the power to assess whether emerin loss correlates with cancer stage, grade, proliferation, or molecular phenotype. Here we analyzed emerin expression at the nuclear envelope across 243 breast cancer patient samples encompassing various tumor grades, stages, and molecular phenotypes. We found significantly reduced emerin expression in invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC), invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC), and ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), compared to normal breast tissue. Notably, emerin loss correlated with advanced tumor stage, higher Ki-67 proliferation rates, elevated human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) levels, and decreased estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) expression—markers associated with more aggressive breast cancers. Emerin expression was consistently reduced in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and other receptor-negative subtypes, underscoring its potential role in tumor dedifferentiation and progression. These findings highlight emerin as a promising prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for aggressive breast cancer subtypes.
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Abstract Nuclear dysmorphism is a critical indicator of tumor aggressiveness, influencing cancer cell invasion and metastasis. Emerin, an integral nuclear envelope protein involved in nuclear architecture, is important for maintaining nuclear integrity. Our previous work demonstrated an inverse correlation between nuclear envelope-localized emerin expression and breast cancer aggressiveness. However, it failed to have the power to assess whether emerin loss correlates with cancer stage, grade, proliferation, or molecular phenotype. Here we analyzed emerin expression at the nuclear envelope across 243 breast cancer patient samples encompassing various tumor grades, stages, and molecular phenotypes. We found significantly reduced emerin expression in invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC), invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC), and ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), compared to normal breast tissue. Notably, emerin loss correlated with advanced tumor stage, higher Ki-67 proliferation rates, elevated human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) levels, and decreased estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) expression—markers associated with more aggressive breast cancers. Emerin expression was consistently reduced in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and other receptor-negative subtypes, underscoring its potential role in tumor dedifferentiation and progression. These findings highlight emerin as a promising prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for aggressive breast cancer subtypes. Competing Interest Statement The authors have declared no competing interest.

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