Exposure to air pollution in epidemiological studies in Kuwait: A systematic review

Exposure to air pollution in epidemiological studies in Kuwait: A systematic review | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Systematic Review Exposure to air pollution in epidemiological studies in Kuwait: A systematic review Dr. Maryam Shehab This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4192199/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Objective To systematically review the epidemiological studies of human exposure to air pollution in Kuwait. Methods Specific keywords related to air pollution and health effects in Kuwait were systematically searched using PubMed and BASE search engines for published research in English language from the year 1990 up to June 2020. Non eligible studies were those which published in non-English studies, studies on animals, plants, exposure to pollutants other that air pollutants, studies related to oil fires caused by Iraqi invasion to Kuwait in 1991. After duplicates were removed, titles and abstracts of eligible studies were screened and full text of publications meeting the inclusion criteria was read. Non-epidemiological studies were included only to compare their numbers to the epidemiological studies, and to help in future studies. Results Total of 85 studies including epidemiological and non-epidemiological studies, only 8 of them found to be an epidemiological study, which 4 of them concerned with mortality and 3 with morbidity, and 1 with both morbidity and mortality. Two of these studies concern with respiratory disease, 1 of them concerned with atopic dermatitis and was the only study measured indoors (i.e. house), and 1 study concerned with rheumatoid arthritis. One study measured ETS, 4 studies measured dust, 2 studies measured PM 10 and PM 2.5 , and 1 study measured NO 2 , SO 2 , O 3 , CO. All studies found that exposure to air pollution has adverse effect on health problems (i.e. respiratory problems, atopic dermatitis, rheumatoid arthritis) and mortality except one study found no significant correlation between exposure to air pollution (i.e. dust) and mortality. Conclusion Epidemiological studies related to human exposure to air pollution in Kuwait are underestimated and insufficient, there are extremely limited studies that cannot be compared to each other. Since currently Kuwait have many major constructions in major roads in and out the capital which alters the air pollution, adding to that the new study which found that the new current global epidemic namely coronavirus COVID-19 is correlated to air pollution (i.e. NO 2 ), new researches need to be done measuring the different pollutants in both indoor and outdoor exposure examining different health problems, these researches need to be done during and after these circumstances for comparison. Epidemiology Environmental Chemistry Atmospheric Sciences air pollution air quality Kuwait particulate matter nitrogen dioxide carbon Full Text Additional Declarations The authors declare no competing interests. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-4192199","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Systematic Review","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":285641921,"identity":"379f4619-3950-4abc-8155-b442bd5d32e2","order_by":0,"name":"Dr. Maryam Shehab","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA3ElEQVRIiWNgGAWjYJACZgaGAwwG7D1gDg8f8Vp4zoAoBh424rVI5IC1MBDUott+9vHngoo78uaSbw8+/phjJ8PGwPzw0Q08WszOpJtJzzjzzHDn7Lxkg4PbkoEOYzM2zsGn5UAaGzNv22HGDbdzzCQObmMGauFhk8ar5fwz5s+8/w7bb7h5BqSlnggtN9IYpHkbDiduuMED0nKYGC3P2KR5jh1O3tmTY2xwdttxHjZmQn45n8b8mafmsO129jOGDyq3Vdvzszc/fIxPCxbATJryUTAKRsEoGAVYAACVu0ovyCvAXQAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==","orcid":"","institution":"Environmental Protection Authority","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"Dr.","firstName":"Maryam","middleName":"","lastName":"Shehab","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2024-03-30 12:29:19","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":{"humanSubjects":false,"vertebrateSubjects":false,"conflictsOfInterestStatement":false,"humanSubjectEthicalGuidelines":false,"humanSubjectConsent":false,"humanSubjectClinicalTrial":false,"humanSubjectCaseReport":false,"vertebrateSubjectEthicalGuidelines":false},"doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4192199/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4192199/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":53826449,"identity":"1c43d001-0667-4200-add1-645d50c316d7","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-04-01 03:12:21","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":324043,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"AirpollutioninepidemiologicalandnonepidemiologicalinKuwaitAsystematicreview.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4192199/v1_covered_662cf65e-a56a-48e3-8803-c53234d1e665.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"The authors declare no competing interests.","formattedTitle":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eExposure to air pollution in epidemiological studies in Kuwait: A systematic review\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":true,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"air pollution, air quality, Kuwait, particulate matter, nitrogen dioxide, carbon","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4192199/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4192199/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eObjective \u003c/strong\u003eTo systematically review the epidemiological studies of human exposure to air pollution in Kuwait.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMethods \u003c/strong\u003eSpecific keywords related to air pollution and health effects in Kuwait were systematically searched using PubMed and BASE search engines for published research in English language from the year 1990 up to June 2020. Non eligible studies were those which published in non-English studies, studies on animals, plants, exposure to pollutants other that air pollutants, studies related to oil fires caused by Iraqi invasion to Kuwait in 1991. After duplicates were removed, titles and abstracts of eligible studies were screened and full text of publications meeting the inclusion criteria was read. Non-epidemiological studies were included only to compare their numbers to the epidemiological studies, and to help in future studies.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eResults \u003c/strong\u003eTotal of 85 studies including epidemiological and non-epidemiological studies, only 8 of them found to be an epidemiological study, which 4 of them concerned with mortality and 3 with morbidity, and 1 with both morbidity and mortality. Two of these studies concern with respiratory disease, 1 of them concerned with atopic dermatitis and was the only study measured indoors (i.e. house), and 1 study concerned with rheumatoid arthritis. One study measured ETS, 4 studies measured dust, 2 studies measured PM\u003csub\u003e10\u003c/sub\u003e and PM\u003csub\u003e2.5\u003c/sub\u003e, and 1 study measured NO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e, SO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e, O\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e, CO. All studies found that exposure to air pollution has adverse effect on health problems (i.e. respiratory problems, atopic dermatitis, rheumatoid arthritis) and mortality except one study found no significant correlation between exposure to air pollution (i.e. dust) and mortality.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eConclusion \u003c/strong\u003eEpidemiological studies related to human exposure to air pollution in Kuwait are underestimated and insufficient, there are extremely limited studies that cannot be compared to each other. Since currently Kuwait have many major constructions in major roads in and out the capital which alters the air pollution, adding to that the new study which found that the new current global epidemic namely coronavirus COVID-19 is correlated to air pollution (i.e. NO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e), new researches need to be done measuring the different pollutants in both indoor and outdoor exposure examining different health problems, these researches need to be done during and after these circumstances for comparison.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Exposure to air pollution in epidemiological studies in Kuwait: A systematic review","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2024-04-01 03:04:13","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4192199/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"a8a19039-c324-4454-a764-c46791ce78fc","owner":[],"postedDate":"April 1st, 2024","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[{"id":30070376,"name":"Epidemiology"},{"id":30070377,"name":"Environmental Chemistry"},{"id":30070378,"name":"Atmospheric Sciences"}],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2024-04-01T03:04:13+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2024-04-01 03:04:13","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-4192199","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-4192199","identity":"rs-4192199","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"qtupq5eGEP_6zYnWcrvyt","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}