Insights into structural features and phylogenetic implications of the complete mitochondrial genome of Fasin rainbow fish (Melanotaenia fasinensis)

Insights into structural features and phylogenetic implications of the complete mitochondrial genome of Fasin rainbow fish (Melanotaenia fasinensis) | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Insights into structural features and phylogenetic implications of the complete mitochondrial genome of Fasin rainbow fish (Melanotaenia fasinensis) Huria Marnis, Khairul Syahputra, Kadarusman Kadarusman, Jadmiko Darmawan, and 10 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4473290/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 11 Nov, 2024 Read the published version in BMC Genomics → Version 1 posted 4 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract The Fasin Rainbow fish, scientifically known as Melanotaenia fasinensis , is highly sought after by aquarium enthusiasts due to its vibrant colors and adaptability to artificial aquatic environments. This species is endemic to the karst landscape of the Bird’s Head region in Papua, Indonesia, and belongs to the Melanotaeniidae family. Discovered relatively recently in 2010, it has been designated as endangered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) in 2021. However, there is currently insufficient data regarding its phylogenetic positioning. To address this gap, our study employed next-generation sequencing to analyze the entire mitochondrial genome of M. fasinensis . The mitochondrial genome consists of 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, and two ribosomal RNA genes, with a total length of 16,731 base pairs. The base composition of the mitogenome revealed percentages of 27.76% adenine (A), 27.34% thymine (T), 16.15% guanine (G), and 28.75% cytosine (C). Our phylogenetic analysis, based on nucleotide sequences mitogenome, indicated that M. fasinensis occupies a relatively basal position within the Melanotaenia genus. This study provides valuable molecular insights for further exploration of phylogeography and evolutionary history, not only for M. fasinensis but also for other members of the Melanotaenia genus. Melanotaenia fasinensis mitochondrial genome rainbow fish Figures Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 1. Introduction The ornamental fish industry in Indonesia, particularly in the freshwater sector, exhibits significant potential for growth and development. Freshwater ornamental fish, which are indigenous to Indonesia, serve as a valuable fishery commodity with substantial export value, thereby making a significant contribution to the nation's foreign exchange earnings. The export value of freshwater ornamental fish in Indonesia surpasses that of marine ornamental fish, accounting for approximately 80.63% and 19.37%, respectively [ 1 , 2 ]. At present, Indonesia holds a significant share of approximately 20% of the global market for ornamental fish. The production of these fish is primarily derived from natural catches, which account for approximately 95% of the total, while cultivated products contribute only 5% [ 1 , 2 ]. Rainbow fish, scientifically known as Melanotaeniidae, are a popular choice for freshwater ornamental fish among aquarists due to their vibrant and visually appealing coloration, as well as their capacity to flourish in captive environments [ 3 , 4 ], making them of significant economic value. The Fasin rainbowfish, Melanotaenia fasinensis Kadarusman, Sudarto, Paradis & Pouyaud 2010 belongs to the family of Melanotaeniidae, known as endemic species, has a small size, usually less than 10 cm, and possesses bright coloration and one of the popular ornamental fish. The species is known only in the type locality of the Fasin River, near Ween Village, West Papua Province, Indonesia [ 3 , 4 ]. In recent years, several partial mitochondrial genes have been sequenced and used for phylogenetic analysis of Melanotaeniidae involving some Melanotaenia species. Furthermore, the partial gene sequences used in previous investigations not really clear to resolve systematic and phylogenetic relationships within the genus Melanotaenia species [ 3 , 5 ].Therefore, genetic relationships within Melanotaenia remained lack information and indicated the requirement of additional informative sites from longer DNA sequences such as mitochondrial genome (mitogenomes) [ 6 ]. The mitogenome is generally considered as an excellent molecular marker for phylogenetic analyses among fish taxa [ 7 , 8 ]. Most teleost mitogenomes are circular in shape, 15 to 19 kb in size and encode 37 genes that comprise 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 2 ribosomal RNA genes (rRNAs), 22 transfer RNA genes (tRNAs) and two non-coding regions (control region (CR), and origin of the light strand (OL) [ 9 , 10 ]. A typical teleost mitogenome is characterized by conserved gene content, small genome size, maternal inheritance, rapid evolutionary rate, great copy numbers and lack of intermolecular genetic recombination [ 11 – 13 ]. The systematic analysis and comparison of the mitogenome and its distinct features allow this molecule to be extensively used for species identification, studying population genetics, evolutionary relationships and phylogeography in many teleosts [ 14 ]. So far, about 87 taxonomically accepted species [ 15 ]. Of these, only 7 species have complete mitochondrial DNA sequences deposited in the GenBank and relatively used to understand the evolutionary relationships within melanotaeniid fishes. Therefore, phylogenetic relationships of this species to other Melanotaenia species are still unknown. M. fasinensis has recently been classified as endangered by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature [ 16 ]. The population of rainbow ornamental fish is facing a significant threat due to the extensive freshwater fishing practices in rivers, which involve the use of pesticides, encroachment, and the conversion of forests into plantation areas. In addition, due to its restricted habitat in the karst formations, significant economic worth as an ornamental fish, and insufficient genetic research conducted thus far, efforts should be made to study this species e.g., to evaluate the phylogenetic placement of this species within melanotaeniid fishes. Hence, we sequenced and characterized the complete mitogenome of Assamese M. fasinensis using next generation sequencing (NGS) technology and compared it with other Melanotaenia mitogenomes, analyzing genome organization, codon usage patterns, tRNA secondary structure and strand asymmetry. Additionally, we reconstructed phylogenetic trees based on PCG sequences to confirm the taxonomic position of M. fasinensis and its relationship among Melanotaeniidae. The primary objective of this investigation was to obtain the whole mitochondrial genome of M. fasinensis by using high-throughput sequencing technology and to evaluate its phylogenetic relationship among other species in the genus Melanotaenia . The present study reflects the inaugural genomic investigation of the species. The current study will also significantly contribute to genome references for the family Melanotaeniidae. 2. Materials and methods 2.1. Specimen collection, identification and DNA extraction Live specimens of M. fasinensis (Fig. 1 ) were collected from the Fasin River near Ween Village, District Sawiat, South Sorong, West Papua Province, Indonesia. Specimens were caught by the cast net on Thursday, March 2, 2023. Geographic coordinate position of the sampling site was 01 o 14’18.0” N, 131 o 58’31.3 E. Samples were preserved in a solution of 95% ethanol and stored at a temperature of -80 0 C. Local permits, acquired from Akademi Perikanan Sorong (APSOR) in West Papua, allowed for the capture of specimens. We followed the International Union for Conservation of Nature's guidelines, as outlined in the IUCN Red List Data's Guidelines for Proper Utilization (Version 4.0) (IUCN, 2022), when conducting research involving endangered species. The genomic DNA was extracted from fin clip samples with the DNAeasy Blood and Tissue Kits (Qiagen, Germany). The extracted DNA quality was assessed using 0.8% agarose gel. The DNA concentration was measured using the Qubit™ dsDNA HS Assay Kit and the QubitVR 2.0 fluorometer (Life Technologies, United States). 2.2. Mitogenome sequencing and assembly High-quality genomic DNA was used to construct a DNA library. For the Nanopore library, a total of about 8 µg of genomic DNA (gDNA) was subjected to size selection (targeting 50 kb) using a Blue Pippin instrument (Sage Science, Beverly, MA). The further processing of the gDNA was carried out utilizing the Ligation Sequencing 1D Kit (SQK-LSK109, ONT, UK), following the guidelines provided by the manufacturer. The library was prepared and sequenced using the Flow Cells FLO-PRO002 on the ONT PromethION next generation sequencer manufactured by ONT in the United Kingdom. The coverage plot for studies utilizing the high-throughput DNA sequencing technology of the ONT PromethION sequencer is available in Supplementary 1. This process took place at the Genomic Laboratory, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong, Indonesia. The fast5 files were subjected to base calling using the ONT Albacore program (v0.8.4). The readings that passed the filter and exhibited relatively greater quality were selected for future downstream studies. M. fasinensis mitochondrial genome coverage Depth Map showed in figure S1 . 2.3. Mitogenome annotation, visualization, and comparative analysis Raw nanopore reads were assembled by using Flye v2.9.2 [ 17 ]. Mitochondrial genome was then extracted from assembled reads by using GetOrganelle v1.7.7.0 (2). To reduce the error rate of assembled mitochondrial genome, we then polished the mitochondrial genome two rounds by using NextPolish [ 18 ]. The contigs were compiled and consisted of a combination of sequences derived from both organellar and nuclear genomes. Mitochondrial contigs were found through the utilization of similarity searches conducted by BLASTN 2.13.0 against the NCBI nucleotide collection (nt) database. MitoFish ( http://mitofish.aori.u-tokyo.ac.jp/ ) was used to annotate the visualized mitochondrial genome [ 19 , 20 ]. PCGs, rRNA genes were further confirmed manually using CLC Genomics Workbench 7.5.2 by aligning the new mitogenome with closely related Melanotaenia mitogenome [ 21 ]. The tRNAScan-SE server version 2.0 was used to identify the 22 tRNAs as well as reconfirm their secondary structures [ 22 ]. To ensure the correct reading frame, nucleotide sequences of the 13 PCGs were translated with MEGA XI [ 23 ] on the basis of the vertebrate mitochondrial genetic code. Similarly, CSBs were also identified by comparing the recognition sites with other Melanotaenia species in the control region of M. fasinensis . The circular map of the C. meladerma mitogenome was illustrated by the online server MitoAnnotator [ 19 , 20 , 24 ]. The secondary structure of the putative origin of light strand replication was predicted by the Mfold web server [ 25 ]. The nucleotide composition and the relative synonymous codon usage (RSCU) were calculated using MEGA XI [ 23 ]. The bias of nucleotide composition was measured as AT skew = (A − T)/(A + T) and GC skew = (G − C)/(G + C), respectively. Finally, the complete annotated mitogenome was submitted to the NCBI database. 2.4. Phylogenetic analyses to determine the phylogenetic position of M. fasinensis . We conducted phylogenetic analyses based on 21 mitochondrial genome sequences highly similar to M. fasinensis (Table S1 ). Two families, Atherinidae and Isonidae, were used as out-groups. We aligned mitogenome sequences using the MUSCLE program with the default settings in MEGA11 [ 23 ]. Phylogenetic analysis was performed using the Maximum Likelihood (ML) with 1000 bootstrap replicates. The length of consensus sequences, amount of variable sites, Kimura 2-Parameter (K2P) distance, and Ts/Tv ratios were calculated by the software MEGA11 [ 23 ]. 3. Results 3.1. Genome structure, organization and composition The total length of the mitochondrial genome of M. fasinensis was found to be 16,731 base pairs (bp) as reported in GenBank (accession number: OR879116). There are 13 genes that code for proteins, 22 genes that code for transfer RNA, 2 genes that code for ribosomal RNA, and a noncoding regulatory region called the D-loop in the mitochondria genome (Fig. 2 , Table 1 ). The M. fasinensis mitogenome sequence is larger than other Melanotaenia mitogenomes ranging from 1,6487 bp in M. lacustris to 1,6731 in M. fasinensis (Table 2 ). Among them, 28 genes (12 PCGs, two rRNAs, and 14 tRNAs) were located on the heavy strand (H strand) and others (ND6 and 8 tRNAs) were located on the light strand (L strand) (Table 1 ). The comprehensive mitochondrial genome of M. fasinensis exhibited a base composition of 27.76% for adenine (A), 27.34% for thymine (T), 16.15% for guanine (G), and 28.75% for cytosine (C), with an A + T content of 55.10%. Furthermore, the A + T content of M. fasinensis was similar than that of other Melanotania genus mt genomes (Table 2 ). Overall, the complete mitogenome displayed a preference for A + T content, comprising 54.56% (Table 2 ). The highest A + T content was observed in the control region (CR) at 61.92%, followed by transfer RNA sequences (tRNAs) at 55.75%, protein-coding genes (PCGs) at 54.4%, and ribosomal RNA sequences (rRNAs) at 54.42%. Similarly, in the comparison of mitogenomes among 7 Melanotaenia species, including M. fasinensis , they showed relatively similar nucleotide compositions to each other (Table 2 ). In the newly sequenced mitogenome of M. fasinensis , the AT and GC skew were 0.008 and − 0.310 respectively. The AT skew of other representative Melanotaenia species varied from 0.021 ( M. praecox ) to 0.028 ( M.australis ) and GC skew varied from − 0.310 ( M. australis , M. splendida , M . fluviatilis ) to -0.299 ( M. boesmani ) (Table 2 ). The weakly positive AT skew in most of the genes indicates the occurrence of more Adenine (A)s Thymine (T)s than Thymine (T)s in the complete mitogenome of Melanotaenia species. With respect to the absolute value, the GC skew was always lower than the AT skew in all surveyed mitogenome of Melanotaenia species (Table 2 ). Table 1 List of annotated mitochondrial genes of M. fasinensis and its characteristic features. Name Position Length (bp) Amino Acids Start codon Stop codon Anticodon Space (+) Overlap (-) a Stand b From To tRNA-Phe 1 68 68 0 H 12S RNA 69 1013 947 0 H tRNA-Val 1014 1084 0 H 16S RNA 1085 2755 0 H tRNA-Leu 2756 2829 UAA 0 H ND1 2830 3804 324 ATG TAG 4 H tRNA-Ile 3809 3878 8 H tRNA-Gln 3887 3959 -1 L tRNA-Met 3959 4027 0 H ND2 4028 4399 123 ATG TAA 0 H tRNA-Trp 4400 4471 0 H tRNA-Ala 4472 4540 1 L tRNA-Asn 4542 4614 0 L O L 4615 4648 0 H tRNA-Cys 4649 4715 -4 L tRNA-Tyr 4812 4879 68 L COXI 4948 6498 516 GTG TAA 11 H tRNA-Ser 6510 6579 UGA 4 L tRNA-Asp 6584 6654 4 H COXII 6659 7349 230 ATG T-- 0 H tRNA-Lys 7350 7422 1 H ATPase8 7424 7591 55 ATG TAG -10 H ATPase6 7582 8264 227 GTG TA- 0 H COXIII 8265 9049 261 ATG TA- 0 H tRNA-Gly 9050 9121 0 H ND3 9122 9472 116 ATG TAG 0 H tRNA-Arg 9473 9541 0 H ND4L 9542 9838 98 ATG TAA -7 H ND4 9832 11214 460 ATG TAA 0 H CR1 11215 11924 0 H tRNA-His 11925 11994 0 H tRNA-Ser 11995 12062 GCU 6 H tRNA-Leu 12066 12137 UAG 0 H ND5 12138 13976 612 ATG TAA -4 H ND6 13973 14494 173 ATG TAA 0 L tRNA-Glu 14495 14563 6 L Cytb 14570 15709 379 ATG TAA 1 H tRNA-Thr 15711 15782 0 H tRNA-Pro 15783 15851 0 L CR2 15852 16731 880 H a Negative value indicates the overlapping sequences between adjacent genes. b H: heavy strand; L: light strand. Table 2 Nucleotide composition and skewness of mitogenome in 8 Melanotaenia species and 2 species outgroups Species Accession Number Length (bp) A% T% G% C% A + T % AT Skew GC Skew Complete mitochondrial genome Melanotaenia fasinensis OR879116.1 16,731 27.76 27.34 16.16 28.75 55.10 0.008 -0.280 Melanotaenia lacustris NC_004385.1 16,487 27.83 26.38 15.83 29.95 54.22 0.026 -0.308 Melanotaenia boesemani NC_028208.1 16,493 27.88 26.47 15.74 29.92 55.35 0.022 -0.299 Melanotaenia australis NC_030170.1 16,530 27.79 26.66 15.9 29.66 54.45 0.028 -0.310 Melanotaenia splendida NC_028280.1 16,528 28.02 26.61 15.69 29.68 54.63 0.027 -0.310 Melanotaenia parkinsoni NC_026904.1 16,529 28.08 26.55 15.66 29.71 54.63 0.015 -0.297 Melanotaenia fluviatilis NC_081030.1 16,524 27.52 26.69 16.09 29.70 54.21 0.026 -0.310 Melanotaenia praecox NC_030253.1 16,536 27.51 26.34 16.18 29.97 53.85 0.021 -0.302 Protein Coding genes (PCG) Melanotaenia fasinensis OR879116.1 10,757 24.90 29.41 16.05 29.64 54.31 -0.083 -0.297 Melanotaenia lacustris NC_004385.1 11,427 25.35 27.99 15.23 31.43 53.34 -0.049 -0.347 Melanotaenia boesemani NC_028208.1 11,427 25.28 28.22 15.28 31.22 53.50 -0.055 -0.343 Melanotaenia australis NC_030170.1 11,427 25.12 28.54 15.43 30.91 53.66 -0.064 -0.334 Melanotaenia splendida NC_028280.1 11,427 25.51 28.30 15.14 31.05 53.81 -0.052 -0.344 Melanotaenia parkinsoni NC_026904.1 11,427 25.62 28.25 15.08 31.05 53.87 -0.049 -0.346 Melanotaenia fluviatilis NC_081030.1 11,427 24.94 28.36 15.53 31.16 53.85 -0.064 -0.335 Melanotaenia praecox NC_030253.1 11,427 24.82 28.18 15.78 31.22 53.00 -0.063 -0.329 tRNA genes Melanotaenia fasinensis OR879116.1 1,549 28.28 27.63 22.72 21.37 55.91 0.012 0.031 Melanotaenia lacustris NC_004385.1 1,550 28.32 27.48 22.97 21.23 55.81 0.015 0.039 Melanotaenia boesemani NC_028208.1 1,549 28.41 27.44 22.85 21.30 55.84 0.017 0.036 Melanotaenia australis NC_030170.1 1,549 28,21 27.50 23.05 21.24 55.71 0.013 0.041 Melanotaenia splendida NC_028280.1 1,548 28.29 27.58 23.06 21.06 55.88 0.013 0.045 Melanotaenia parkinsoni NC_026904.1 1,548 28.23 27.52 23.13 21.12 55.75 0.013 0.045 Melanotaenia fluviatilis NC_081030.1 1,549 28.08 27.30 22.98 21.62 55.38 0.014 0.030 Melanotaenia praecox NC_030253.1 1,552 28.35 27.38 22.68 21.59 55.73 0.017 0.025 rRNA genes Melanotaenia fasinensis OR879116.1 2,616 32.22 22.40 20.83 24.54 54.63 0.180 -0.082 Melanotaenia lacustris NC_004385.1 2,622 32.07 22.35 20.90 24.71 54.42 0.179 -0.084 Melanotaenia boesemani NC_028208.1 2,626 32.03 22.39 20.75 24.83 54.42 0.177 -0.089 Melanotaenia australis NC_030170.1 2,622 31,77 22.39 20.94 24.90 54.16 0.173 -0.087 Melanotaenia splendida NC_028280.1 2,621 32.13 22.43 20.83 24.61 54.56 0.178 -0.083 Melanotaenia parkinsoni NC_026904.1 2,622 32.23 22.35 20.75 24.68 54.58 0.181 -0.086 Melanotaenia fluviatilis NC_081030.1 2,621 31.97 22.36 21.18 24.49 54.33 0.177 -0.073 Melanotaenia praecox NC_030253.1 2,625 31.81 22.44 21.03 24.72 54.25 0.173 -0.081 Control Regions (CR) Melanotaenia fasinensis OR879116.1 1,590 30.00 30.75 14.72 24.53 60.75 -0.012 -0.250 Melanotaenia lacustris NC_004385.1 830 31.57 32.41 14.94 21.08 63.98 -0.013 -0.171 Melanotaenia boesemani NC_028208.1 833 31.93 31.81 14.77 21.49 63.75 0.002 -0.185 Melanotaenia australis NC_030170.1 873 32.65 31.73 14.32 21.31 64.38 0.014 -0.196 Melanotaenia splendida NC_028280.1 874 32.04 32.49 14.53 20.94 64.53 -0.007 -0.181 Melanotaenia parkinsoni NC_026904.1 874 31.81 32.38 14.53 21.28 64.19 -0.009 -0.188 Melanotaenia fluviatilis NC_081030.1 871 31.11 33.52 14.81 20.55 64.64 -0.037 -0.162 Melanotaenia praecox NC_030253.1 880 31.93 29.77 15.45 22.84 61.70 0.035 -0.193 3.2. Overlapping and intergenic spacer regions The complete mitogenome of M. fasinensis contained six overlapping sequences totaling 26 bp in length (Table 1 ). These sequences exhibited varying lengths, spanning from 1 bp to 10 bp, with the most extensive overlap observed on the H strand between ATP8 and ATP6 (10 bp), as well as ND4L and ND4 (7 bp). In addition, short noncoding intergenic spacers across the newly sequenced mitogenome with a total length of 93 bp and variation in the number of overlapping sequences was 5 with a total length of 29 bp (Table 1 ). The longest spacer (68 bp) was situated between tRNA-Try and COXI gene on the L strand. The comparative analysis exhibited variation in the number of overlapping sequences ranging from 4 ( M. praecox ) to 7 ( M. fluviatilis ) with a length variation of length variation ranging 9 bp to 30 bp in other Melanotaenia species (Table S2). Additionally, the longest intergenic spacer (69 bp) was observed between tRNA-Gly and ND3 of M. boesemani , while 11 bp were found between tRNA-Try and COXI of M. australis , M. lacustris , M. parkinsoni , and M. splendida . Conversely, 9 bp separated tRNA-Try and COXI of M. praecox , and only 4 bp were present between tRNA-Asp and COXII of M. fluviatilis , indicating greater diversity in both location and intergenic nucleotide lengths compared to the overlaps (Table S2). 3.3. Protein-coding genes The collective length of protein-coding genes (PCGs) within the entire mitochondrial genome accounted for 10,757 bp, representing 64.29% of the total length. The 13 protein-coding genes within the mitochondria have a common initiation codon, ATG. The nucleotide sequence 'TAA', which serves as a complete stop codon, was observed in the genes ND2, COXI, ND4L, ND4, ND5, ND6, and Cytb. Additionally, an incomplete stop codon represented by 'T––' was identified in the genes COXII, COXIII, and ATPase 6. Among the protein-coding genes examined, it was observed that the ND5 gene had the greatest length, measuring 1,839 base pairs (bp), while the ATPse8 gene displayed the smallest length, measuring 168 bp (Table 1 ). The collective A + T content of the 13 PCGs in M. fasinensis was calculated at 54.31%, with values ranging from 51.85% for ND4L to 57.16% for COXII (Table 3 ). Furthermore, to assess the extent of base bias across all PCGs, base skews were determined. The AT skew and GC skew values for all 13 PCGs of M. fasinensis are depicted in Fig. 3 . Notably, twelve out of thirteen PCGs exhibited significant negative GC skewness, with a deviation observed in the ND6 region, consistent with patterns seen in most teleost fishes. Similar to other Melanotaenia mitogenomes, the majority of these PCGs initiated with the ATG codon, except for COX I, which commenced with GTG. Regarding stop codons, eight protein-coding genes (PCGs) were terminated by the standard codons (TAA and TAG), whereas the remaining genes terminated with truncated codons (TA and T) (Table 1 and Table S3). The occurrence of these incomplete termination codons is potentially widespread in Melanotaenia mitogenomes and is thought to be offset by post-transcriptional polyadenylation mechanisms [ 6 , 21 , 26 – 29 ]. Table 3 Composition of protein-coding genes in M. fasinensis Protein-coding genes Length (bp) A T G C A% T% G% C% A + T % Total of PCGs 10757 2678 3164 1727 3188 24.90 29.41 16.05 29.64 54.31 ND1 975 242 283 144 306 24.82 29.03 14.77 31.38 53.85 ND2 372 104 89 49 130 27.96 23.92 13.17 34.95 51.88 COXI 1551 379 468 280 424 24.44 30.17 18.05 27.34 54.61 COXII 691 195 200 110 186 28.22 28.94 15.92 26.92 57.16 ATPase8 168 45 46 24 53 26.79 27.38 14.29 31.55 54.17 ATPase6 683 149 212 101 221 21.82 31.04 14.79 32.36 52.86 COXIII 785 205 215 129 236 26.11 27.39 16.43 30.06 53.50 ND3 351 73 114 58 106 20.80 32.48 16.52 30.20 53.28 ND4L 297 64 90 41 102 21.55 30.30 13.80 34.34 51.85 ND4 1383 357 391 195 440 25.81 28.27 14.10 31.81 54.09 ND5 1839 492 522 246 579 26.75 28.38 13.38 31.48 55.14 ND6 522 82 190 188 62 15.71 36.40 36.02 11.88 52.11 Cyt-b 1140 291 344 162 343 25.53 30.18 14.21 30.09 55.70 The relative synonymous codon usage (RSCU) values of PCGs in M. fasinensis (Fig. 4 ) were summarized along with those other Melanotaenia fish (Fig. S1 ). M. fasinensis encoded a total of 3611 amino acids in its PCGs. Analysis of codon usage patterns in these genes indicated that codons for Leucine (11.58%), Alanin (9.50%), Thr (7.70%), Ile (7.31%), and Serine (6.62%) were the most frequently employed, while Cys was less prevalent (0.72%). The distribution of amino acids and their relative frequencies in M. fasinensis corresponded with those observed in the mitogenome of other Melanotaenia species. Significantly, the third position of the predominant codons (CUA-Leu1, AUU-Ile, CUU-leu2, CUC-leu2, and GCC-Ala) exhibited a preference for A and T, a pattern in line with earlier findings in Melanotaenia fish species (Fig. 4 , Figure S2). 3.4. Transfer and ribosomal RNA genes M. fasinensis possessed a full set of 22 tRNAs, otaling 1,549 base pairs. The lengths of these tRNAs varied individually, ranging from 68 bp for tRNA-Phe to 73 bp for tRNA-Gln, tRNA-Asp, and tRNA-Lys (Table 1 ). Among these tRNAs, 15 genes were situated on the H-strand, while the remainder were located on the L-strand (Table 1 ). The anticodons found in all tRNAs within the M. fasinensis mitogenome were consistent with those typically observed in most teleost species. Generally, there was a direct match between codons and anticodons. However, serine was represented by two different anticodons (UGA, GCU), and leucine was represented by UAG and UAA in M. fasinensis . The tRNA secondary structures were depicted in Fig. 5 . Apart from tRNASer 2, most tRNAs were predicted to adopt canonical cloverleaf secondary structures. Numerous non-complementary base pairs were identified throughout the stems of these tRNAs. The tRNASer2 found in M. fasinensis did not possess an identifiable DHU stem and loop, which is a characteristic observed in other fish mitogenomes The tRNASer2 identified in M. fasinensis lacked a recognizable DHU stem and loop or these abnormal tRNAs to function similarly to normal tRNAs. As in other fishes, M. fasinensis also had two rRNAs. Like other fishes. The 16S large ribosomal gene spanned 1,671 base pairs and was situated between tRNAVal and tRNALeu. Conversely, the 12S small ribosomal gene measured 945 base pairs and resided between tRNAPhe and tRNAVal (Table 1 ). Both ribosomal RNAs were positioned on the H-strand and were separated by tRNAVal. 3.5. Non coding regions As in most vertebrates, the OL of M. fasinensis was found within a cluster of five tRNA genes (Trp, Ala, Asn, Cys, and Tyr) between tRNAAsn and tRNACys (Table 1 ). The length of the putative origin of light strand replication was 33 bp. The region had the ability to fold into a stable stem-loop secondary structure, with a stem formed by 8 paired nucleotides and a loop of 13 nucleotides. Melanotaenia genus, M. fasinensis possesses two control regions (CRs): one situated between trnT and ND6 (designated as CR1) and the other positioned between trnT and trnF (designated as CR2). The CR stands out as the longest non-coding segment within vertebrate mitochondrial DNA, typically hosting crucial elements essential for replication and transcription processes [ 14 , 30 , 31 ]. Two identical CRs, CR1 measuring 710 bp in length were found between ND4 and tRNA-His (Table S6). Additionally, CR2, situated between tRNAPro and tRNAPhe and spanning approximately 880 base pairs. In addition, At the 5' end of the CR, a domain with termination-associated sequences was observed, featuring three TACAT motifs and two corresponding palindrome sequences, ATGTA. Additionally, a conserved sequence block (CSB-2) was detected at the end of the CR (Table S4). However, unlike most other fishes, the central conserved sequence block (CSB) domain and the CSB-1 and CSB-3 could not be recognized in M. fasinensis . Moreover, the general organization of the CR was similar to that reported for other Melanotaenia fishes [ 6 , 21 , 26 ]. The A + T content, AT skew and GC skew in CR were 60.75%, -0.012 and − 0.250 respectively, which was also nearly consistent with the findings of previous reports on other Melanotaenias studied here (Table S2) 3.7. Phylogeny The mitogenome arrangement of M. fasinensis closely resembles that of various species within the Melanotaenia genus, such as M. lacustris , M. boesemani , M. australis , M. splendida , M. Parkinson i, M. fluviatilis , and M. praecox , as well as species from the Glossolepis and Iriatherina genera. Similarities were observed, ranging from 88.66–83.64%. Phylogenetic trees were constructed using maximum likelihood, incorporating 11 species of Melanotaenia, as well as families Atherinomorus and Isonidae as the outgroup. This analysis unveiled the existence of two primary clades, labeled as clades I and II (Fig. 6 , Table S1 ). The result indicated a high level of agreement among the ML trees in their overall structure and exhibited strong support values. The phylogenetic tree analysis indicated that all species of the Melanotaeniidae genera clustered together on the same branch. Furthermore, the intergeneric and interspecific taxonomic positions were explicit and clear. Phylogenetically, the Melanotaeniidae are closer to the family Isonidae than to the Atherinomorus family. The phylogenetic position of M. fasinensis is relatively in the basal position in the genus Melanotaenia. The result from this study would offer a comprehensive understanding of the evolutionary correlation between M. fasinensis and other rainbowfish species residing in the region of West Papua. The incorporation of more taxa from the genus Melanotaenia in the phylogenetic analyses on future may help to better understand the phylogenetic relationships and evolutionary history among species in this genus. 4. Discussion In the present study, we found that the M. fasinensis mitogenome sequence is larger than other Melanotaenia mitogenomes. Within this group, 28 genes, comprising 12 protein-PCGs, two rRNAs, and 14 tRNAs, were situated on the heavy strand (H strand), while the remaining genes, including ND6 and 8 tRNAs, were positioned on the light strand (L strand). Like in other vertebrates, the majority of genes were encoded on the H strand, with the exception of ND6 and eight tRNA genes. Additionally, all genes exhibited similar lengths to those found in other bony fishes [ 32 ]. In addition, the gene arrangement in both L and H strand were canonically identical and consistent with other Melanotaenia genus [ 21 , 29 ]. Genes located on the L-strand exhibited a notable preference for thymine (T) in the codon wobble position, while adenine (A) or cytosine (C) ending codons were overrepresented in genes on the H-strand [ 33 ]. The A + T content of M. fasinensis closely resembled that of mitochondrial genomes in other species within the Melanotania genus. The A + T content observed in the L-strand closely resembled that of other teleost mitochondrial genomes [ 30 , 34 ]. This suggested that the mitochondrial genome of M. fasinensis displayed the typical arrangement found in both teleosts and vertebrates. Genes encoded on the L-strand exhibited a notable preference for thymine in the codon wobble position, while adenine or cytosine ending codons were more prevalent in the genes on the H-strand. This strand-specific bias is believed to stem from asymmetrical directional mutation pressure [ 33 ]. The predominance of Adenine over Thymine in most genes of the complete mitogenome of Melanotaenia species is indicated by a weakly positive AT skew. Additionally, the absolute value of GC skew consistently remained lower than that of AT skew across all surveyed mitogenomes of Melanotaenia species. This discrepancy may arise from strand asymmetry, suggesting a strand compositional bias and a potential violation of Chargaff's second parity rule. This could be the result of strand asymmetry (strand compositional bias) due to the violation of Chargaff's second parity rule [ 7 , 35 ]. The overlapping of nucleotides between adjacent genes is a common characteristic found in teleost mitogenomes, which aids in compacting the mitogenomes [ 30 , 36 ]. The overlapping regions between ND4L/ND4 and ATP8/ATP6 were identified as common features found in Melanotaenia species [ 6 , 21 , 26 – 29 ] and other teleosts [ 37 – 40 ]. In addition, in this study showed that greater diversity in both location and intergenic nucleotide lengths compared to the overlaps. The same phenomenon has been observed in other teleost organisms [ 7 , 14 , 37 , 41 , 42 ]. In the majority of Melanotaenia species, a consistent trait is evident: ATP8 ranks as the shortest while ND5 stands as the longest among PCGs [ 6 , 21 , 26 – 29 ], This pattern mirrors a common occurrence observed in various other teleost fish species [ 43 – 46 ]. As with other Melanotaenia mitogenomes, the majority of protein-coding genes (PCGs) in this study were found to commence with the ATG codon, with the exception of COX I, which initiated with GTG. Across fish mitogenomes, conventional start codons are predominantly utilized for these genes, while alternate start codons are rare within the Melanotaenia genus, a trend also observed in teleosts and other eukaryotic organisms [ 33 , 47 , 48 ]. Concerning stop codons, eight protein-coding genes (PCGs) concluded with standard codons (TAA and TAG), while the rest ended with truncated codons (TA and T). Incomplete termination codons are likely widespread in Melanotaenia mitogenomes, potentially compensated for by post-transcriptional polyadenylation mechanisms [ 6 , 21 , 26 – 29 ]. The anticodons present in all tRNAs in the M. fasinensis mitogenome were in line with those commonly seen in the majority of teleost species. Overall, there was a direct correspondence between codons and anticodons. Nevertheless, serine was encoded by two distinct anticodons (UGA, GCU), and leucine was encoded by UAG and UAA in M. fasinensis . It was common for teleost mitogenomes to have multiple tRNAs recognizing different anticodons [ 7 , 45 ]. Several non-matching base pairs were detected within the stems of these tRNAs. These mismatches observed in tRNA sequences appeared to be a common occurrence in teleost mitochondrial tRNA genes [ 49 , 50 ]. It's probable that the mismatches present in the stems of these tRNAs underwent modifications via post-transcriptional editing mechanisms [ 51 , 52 ]. The tRNASer2 found in M. fasinensis did not possess an identifiable DHU stem and loop, which is a characteristic observed in other fish mitogenomes [ 8 , 53 ]. The tRNASer2 found in M. fasinensis did not feature a recognizable DHU stem and loop, a feature observed in other fish mitogenomes [ 8 , 53 ] or these atypical tRNAs operate in a manner akin to regular tRNAs. They may necessitate coevolved interacting factors or post-transcriptional RNA editing [ 7 , 33 ]. As in other fishes, M. fasinensis also had two rRNAs. Like other fishes. The 16S large ribosomal gene was situated between tRNAVal and tRNALeu. Conversely, the 12S small ribosomal gene resided between tRNAPhe and tRNAVal. Both ribosomal RNAs were positioned on the H-strand and were separated by tRNAVal, which aligns with a typical pattern found in most vertebrates [ 13 , 54 , 55 ] The CR, also known as the control region, stands out as the largest non-coding segment within vertebrate mtDNA, commonly hosting vital elements essential for both replication and transcription functions [ 12 , 56 , 57 ]. Unlike its counterparts within the Melanotaenia genus, M. fasinensis is unique in having two control regions (CRs). The CR stands out as the longest non-coding segment within vertebrate mitochondrial DNA, typically hosting crucial elements essential for replication and transcription processes [ 14 , 30 , 31 ]. CR1, spanning a length of 710 base pairs, was identified between ND4 and tRNA-His refer to Table S6. However, it lacked typical features associated with control regions, such as conserved sequence blocks (CSBs) as identified by [ 58 ], or termination-associated sequences (TASs) as identified by [ 59 ]. The result of this study align with the earlier documented findings concerning bony fish [ 60 ]. Furthermore, CR2, positioned between tRNAPro and tRNAPhe, spans approximately 880 base pairs. At the 5' end of the CR, a region containing termination-associated sequences was noted, comprising three TACAT motifs and two corresponding palindrome sequences, ATGTA. Additionally, a conserved sequence block (CSB-2) was identified at the termination of the CR. This block plays a role in positioning RNA polymerase during transcription and priming replication [ 58 ]. However, unlike most other fishes, the central conserved sequence block (CSB) domain and the CSB-1 and CSB-3 could not be recognized in M. fasinensis. This study also aligns with previous reports on other teleost mitogenomes, noting that only certain portions of CSB in fish were detected [ 58 , 59 ]. Moreover, the general organization of the CR was similar to that reported for other Melanotaenia fishes [ 6 , 21 , 32 ]. The A + T content, AT skew, and GC skew observed in the control region (CR) were almost consistent with the results reported in previous studies on other Melanotaenia species examined in this study [ 6 , 21 , 26 , 32 ] The mitochondrial genome arrangement of M. fasinensis closely resembled that of all species within the Melanotaenia species [ 6 , 21 , 26 , 28 , 29 ], Glossolepis [ 26 ], and Iriatherina genera [ 32 , 61 ]. Based on whole mitogenomic data, 11 species of Melanotaenia were analyzed using maximum likelihood analyses, revealing the presence of two major clades. Moreover, from a phylogenetic perspective, the Melanotaeniidae family shares a closer evolutionary relationship with the Isonidae family than with the Atherinomorus family. This finding aligns with the results of a prior molecular study that relied on partial mitochondrial DNA cytb gene analysis [ 62 ]. 5. Conclusion The present study describes the complete mitogenome of rainbow fish ( Melanotaenia fasinensis ), which is 16,731 bp in length. The organization and gene content did not differ significantly from the already registered mitogenome of other Melanotaenia genus, a distinctive two control region was observed in M. fasinensis . This observed variation has a scope to form an important tool for the identification of Melanotaenia at the genus level. Phylogenetic analyses using mitogenome confirmed the phylogenetic position of M. fasinensis within the genus Melanotaenia, and occupying a basal position, and was clearly distinct from other Melanotaenia species. The comprehensive mitogenome data presented here will serve as a valuable resource for future investigations into molecular taxonomy, genetic diversity, and population structure of M. fasinensis . Additionally, it offers fresh perspectives that could enhance conservation strategies for this species. Declarations Declaration of competing interest The authors report no conflicts of interest. The authors alone are responsible for doing the research and writing the paper. Ethics statement The study protocol received approval from the Ethical Clearance and Research Permits granted by the Directorate of Research and Innovation, BRIN (number: 070/KE.02/SK/04/2023). Funding This study has been funded by the Rumah Program Hasil Pengungkapan dan Pemanfaatan Biodiversitas Nusantara 2023 research grant managed by Research Organization for Life Science and Environment, Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) Republic of Indonesia. Author Contributions Statement H.M: Conceptualization, designed the experiments, performed the experiments, analyzed the data, wrote the main manuscript, and funding acquisition. K.S: designed the experiments, performed the experiments, and analyzed the data. K.K: Collected samples, designed the experiments, and performed the experiments. I.C.C, R.A, and A.A.M: Analyzed the data. W.E.K and S.L: Designed the experiments. E.P.H, B.I, A.T.S, S.S, and I.I : Performed the experiments. All authors concur to assume responsibility for all facets of the research. Acknowledgments We express our gratitude to the laboratory technicians at the Genomic Laboratory of the National Research and Innovation Agency in Cibinong, Indonesia, for their valuable assistance during the analysis of sequencing data. References KKP. Fisheries and Marine Export Statistics Book 2016–2021. Jakarta: Director General of Strengthening the Competitiveness of Marine and Fishery Products; 2021. DJPB. 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Agency","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Erma","middleName":"Primanita","lastName":"Hayuningtyas","suffix":""},{"id":307710853,"identity":"17fd40c7-95b1-431b-b59c-00ac623a6879","order_by":8,"name":"Bambang Iswanto","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN)","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Bambang","middleName":"","lastName":"Iswanto","suffix":""},{"id":307710854,"identity":"8bf4ccbf-93ea-4852-8788-0c3c3ffa2b26","order_by":9,"name":"Ruzkiah Asaf","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"National Research and Innovation Agency","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Ruzkiah","middleName":"","lastName":"Asaf","suffix":""},{"id":307710855,"identity":"325e50f9-c9d1-48c4-aa82-9c2a18c41e38","order_by":10,"name":"Admi Athirah Muchlies","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN)","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Admi","middleName":"Athirah","lastName":"Muchlies","suffix":""},{"id":307710856,"identity":"b8119f23-0308-4416-a951-ec3fe03ad3cb","order_by":11,"name":"Arsad Tirta Subangkit","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"National Research and Innovation Agency","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Arsad","middleName":"Tirta","lastName":"Subangkit","suffix":""},{"id":307710857,"identity":"07b9c65c-13c0-494b-919a-0a658f91e55a","order_by":12,"name":"Sularto Sularto","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN)","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Sularto","middleName":"","lastName":"Sularto","suffix":""},{"id":307710858,"identity":"e8d766b7-4943-43ab-9577-43b91e60dcd7","order_by":13,"name":"Indrawati Indrawati","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"National Research and Innovation Agency","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Indrawati","middleName":"","lastName":"Indrawati","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2024-05-24 15:14:17","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4473290/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4473290/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[{"content":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-024-10996-7","type":"published","date":"2024-11-11T15:57:00+00:00"}],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":58052073,"identity":"0ed99d07-35ee-426d-84dc-58891e2a96e5","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-06-10 13:12:08","extension":"jpg","order_by":1,"title":"Figure 1","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":14867,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003ePhotograph of \u003cem\u003eMelanotaenia fasinensis\u003c/em\u003e, male (top), female (bottom). Photo: Kadarusman.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Picture1.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4473290/v1/a252d568accd40389cc84c5e.jpg"},{"id":58052075,"identity":"a70a8385-161c-4dde-90db-3bdcb3519621","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-06-10 13:12:08","extension":"png","order_by":2,"title":"Figure 2","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":4543198,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eThe circular mitochondrial genome map of \u003cem\u003eMelanotaenia fasinensis\u003c/em\u003e in this study. Genes oriented in the reverse direction are depicted in the outermost concentric ring, while those in the forward orientation are situated in the second outermost ring. The innermost rings of the image illustrate the percentage of GC content for every 5 base pairs of the mitogenome, with longer lines indicating higher GC percentages.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Fig.2..png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4473290/v1/a6965d13e449677c6c41e658.png"},{"id":58052071,"identity":"b8f23866-b60a-4869-a777-aab7962d375a","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-06-10 13:12:08","extension":"png","order_by":3,"title":"Figure 3","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":129259,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eGraphical representation of AT and GC-skew in all the 13 protein-coding genes of \u003cem\u003eM. fasinensis\u003c/em\u003e mitogenome.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Fig.3..png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4473290/v1/59e96059322343ae56802dc4.png"},{"id":58052072,"identity":"a81f6121-e650-483e-91d1-877009fabf68","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-06-10 13:12:08","extension":"png","order_by":4,"title":"Figure 4","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":170076,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eThe relative synonymous codon usage (RSCU) of the mitochondrial protein-coding genes of \u003cem\u003eM. fasinensis\u003c/em\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Fig.4..png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4473290/v1/7bb718d43972babc8383c66f.png"},{"id":58052575,"identity":"bf6d675c-34bd-49a9-83f9-5a55bff73ad0","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-06-10 13:20:08","extension":"png","order_by":5,"title":"Figure 5","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":322040,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003ePutative secondary structures for 22 tRNA genes in mitochondrial genome of \u003cem\u003eM. fasinensis\u003c/em\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Fig.5..png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4473290/v1/9b326295f435a5393c8adcd9.png"},{"id":58052076,"identity":"d3623b63-9c5d-4749-b54f-ea8b174b2777","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-06-10 13:12:08","extension":"png","order_by":6,"title":"Figure 6","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":13948095,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eA maximum likelihood tree depicting the phylogenetic position of \u003cem\u003eM. fasinensis\u003c/em\u003e among other 11 \u003cem\u003eMelanotaeniidae \u003c/em\u003efamilies. Two species of families Atherinidae and Isonidaewere designated to be outgroups. The phylogenetic tree was constructed in MEGA software (version 11.0.13) using concatenated nucleotide sequences of mitogenome. Numbers at each node indicate the bootstrap support values by 1000 replications and shown only when they are larger than 50%. The scientific name and corresponding GenBank accession numbers were provided for each individual species.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Fig.6.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4473290/v1/93f252afb475f25de17e6889.png"},{"id":69274800,"identity":"50974a0d-fc27-4341-9a84-fe9061f20cf7","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-11-18 16:30:16","extension":"pdf","order_by":0,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":28416569,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4473290/v1/d62f67d4-bf0a-4b83-a7f1-b03af283521c.pdf"},{"id":58052077,"identity":"5071848d-38a3-4f47-a7ef-d6ad055a1b38","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-06-10 13:12:08","extension":"docx","order_by":8,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":5267236,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"SupplementaryMaterials.docx","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4473290/v1/c36b92591f0807b871ca4bcd.docx"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Insights into structural features and phylogenetic implications of the complete mitochondrial genome of Fasin rainbow fish (Melanotaenia fasinensis)","fulltext":[{"header":"1. Introduction","content":"\u003cp\u003eThe ornamental fish industry in Indonesia, particularly in the freshwater sector, exhibits significant potential for growth and development. Freshwater ornamental fish, which are indigenous to Indonesia, serve as a valuable fishery commodity with substantial export value, thereby making a significant contribution to the nation's foreign exchange earnings. The export value of freshwater ornamental fish in Indonesia surpasses that of marine ornamental fish, accounting for approximately 80.63% and 19.37%, respectively [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR1\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR2\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e]. At present, Indonesia holds a significant share of approximately 20% of the global market for ornamental fish. The production of these fish is primarily derived from natural catches, which account for approximately 95% of the total, while cultivated products contribute only 5% [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR1\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR2\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e].\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRainbow fish, scientifically known as Melanotaeniidae, are a popular choice for freshwater ornamental fish among aquarists due to their vibrant and visually appealing coloration, as well as their capacity to flourish in captive environments [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR3\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR4\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e], making them of significant economic value. The Fasin rainbowfish, \u003cem\u003eMelanotaenia fasinensis\u003c/em\u003e Kadarusman, Sudarto, Paradis \u0026amp; Pouyaud 2010 belongs to the family of Melanotaeniidae, known as endemic species, has a small size, usually less than 10 cm, and possesses bright coloration and one of the popular ornamental fish. The species is known only in the type locality of the Fasin River, near Ween Village, West Papua Province, Indonesia [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR3\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR4\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e].\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn recent years, several partial mitochondrial genes have been sequenced and used for phylogenetic analysis of Melanotaeniidae involving some Melanotaenia species. Furthermore, the partial gene sequences used in previous investigations not really clear to resolve systematic and phylogenetic relationships within the genus Melanotaenia species [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR3\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR5\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e].Therefore, genetic relationships within Melanotaenia remained lack information and indicated the requirement of additional informative sites from longer DNA sequences such as mitochondrial genome (mitogenomes) [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR6\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003e]. The mitogenome is generally considered as an excellent molecular marker for phylogenetic analyses among fish taxa [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR7\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e7\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR8\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e8\u003c/span\u003e]. Most teleost mitogenomes are circular in shape, 15 to 19 kb in size and encode 37 genes that comprise 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 2 ribosomal RNA genes (rRNAs), 22 transfer RNA genes (tRNAs) and two non-coding regions (control region (CR), and origin of the light strand (OL) [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR9\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e9\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR10\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e10\u003c/span\u003e]. A typical teleost mitogenome is characterized by conserved gene content, small genome size, maternal inheritance, rapid evolutionary rate, great copy numbers and lack of intermolecular genetic recombination [\u003cspan additionalcitationids=\"CR12\" citationid=\"CR11\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e11\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR13\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e13\u003c/span\u003e]. The systematic analysis and comparison of the mitogenome and its distinct features allow this molecule to be extensively used for species identification, studying population genetics, evolutionary relationships and phylogeography in many teleosts [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR14\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e14\u003c/span\u003e].\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSo far, about 87 taxonomically accepted species [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR15\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e15\u003c/span\u003e]. Of these, only 7 species have complete mitochondrial DNA sequences deposited in the GenBank and relatively used to understand the evolutionary relationships within melanotaeniid fishes. Therefore, phylogenetic relationships of this species to other Melanotaenia species are still unknown. \u003cem\u003eM. fasinensis\u003c/em\u003e has recently been classified as endangered by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR16\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e16\u003c/span\u003e]. The population of rainbow ornamental fish is facing a significant threat due to the extensive freshwater fishing practices in rivers, which involve the use of pesticides, encroachment, and the conversion of forests into plantation areas. In addition, due to its restricted habitat in the karst formations, significant economic worth as an ornamental fish, and insufficient genetic research conducted thus far, efforts should be made to study this species e.g., to evaluate the phylogenetic placement of this species within melanotaeniid fishes. Hence, we sequenced and characterized the complete mitogenome of Assamese \u003cem\u003eM. fasinensis\u003c/em\u003e using next generation sequencing (NGS) technology and compared it with other Melanotaenia mitogenomes, analyzing genome organization, codon usage patterns, tRNA secondary structure and strand asymmetry. Additionally, we reconstructed phylogenetic trees based on PCG sequences to confirm the taxonomic position of \u003cem\u003eM. fasinensis\u003c/em\u003e and its relationship among Melanotaeniidae. The primary objective of this investigation was to obtain the whole mitochondrial genome of \u003cem\u003eM. fasinensis\u003c/em\u003e by using high-throughput sequencing technology and to evaluate its phylogenetic relationship among other species in the genus \u003cem\u003eMelanotaenia\u003c/em\u003e. The present study reflects the inaugural genomic investigation of the species. The current study will also significantly contribute to genome references for the family Melanotaeniidae.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"2. Materials and methods","content":"\u003cdiv id=\"Sec3\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.1. Specimen collection, identification and DNA extraction\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eLive specimens of \u003cem\u003eM. fasinensis\u003c/em\u003e (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e) were collected from the Fasin River near Ween Village, District Sawiat, South Sorong, West Papua Province, Indonesia. Specimens were caught by the cast net on Thursday, March 2, 2023. Geographic coordinate position of the sampling site was 01\u003csup\u003eo\u003c/sup\u003e14\u0026rsquo;18.0\u0026rdquo; N, 131\u003csup\u003eo\u003c/sup\u003e58\u0026rsquo;31.3 E. Samples were preserved in a solution of 95% ethanol and stored at a temperature of -80\u003csup\u003e0\u003c/sup\u003eC. Local permits, acquired from Akademi Perikanan Sorong (APSOR) in West Papua, allowed for the capture of specimens. We followed the International Union for Conservation of Nature's guidelines, as outlined in the IUCN Red List Data's Guidelines for Proper Utilization (Version 4.0) (IUCN, 2022), when conducting research involving endangered species. The genomic DNA was extracted from fin clip samples with the DNAeasy Blood and Tissue Kits (Qiagen, Germany). The extracted DNA quality was assessed using 0.8% agarose gel. The DNA concentration was measured using the Qubit\u0026trade; dsDNA HS Assay Kit and the QubitVR 2.0 fluorometer (Life Technologies, United States).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec4\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.2. Mitogenome sequencing and assembly\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eHigh-quality genomic DNA was used to construct a DNA library. For the Nanopore library, a total of about 8 \u0026micro;g of genomic DNA (gDNA) was subjected to size selection (targeting 50 kb) using a Blue Pippin instrument (Sage Science, Beverly, MA). The further processing of the gDNA was carried out utilizing the Ligation Sequencing 1D Kit (SQK-LSK109, ONT, UK), following the guidelines provided by the manufacturer. The library was prepared and sequenced using the Flow Cells FLO-PRO002 on the ONT PromethION next generation sequencer manufactured by ONT in the United Kingdom. The coverage plot for studies utilizing the high-throughput DNA sequencing technology of the ONT PromethION sequencer is available in Supplementary 1. This process took place at the Genomic Laboratory, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong, Indonesia. The fast5 files were subjected to base calling using the ONT Albacore program (v0.8.4). The readings that passed the filter and exhibited relatively greater quality were selected for future downstream studies. \u003cem\u003eM. fasinensis\u003c/em\u003e mitochondrial genome coverage Depth Map showed in figure \u003cspan refid=\"MOESM1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003eS1\u003c/span\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec5\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.3. Mitogenome annotation, visualization, and comparative analysis\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eRaw nanopore reads were assembled by using Flye v2.9.2 [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR17\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e17\u003c/span\u003e]. Mitochondrial genome was then extracted from assembled reads by using GetOrganelle v1.7.7.0 (2). To reduce the error rate of assembled mitochondrial genome, we then polished the mitochondrial genome two rounds by using NextPolish [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR18\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e18\u003c/span\u003e]. The contigs were compiled and consisted of a combination of sequences derived from both organellar and nuclear genomes. Mitochondrial contigs were found through the utilization of similarity searches conducted by BLASTN 2.13.0 against the NCBI nucleotide collection (nt) database. MitoFish (\u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003ehttp://mitofish.aori.u-tokyo.ac.jp/\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"http://mitofish.aori.u-tokyo.ac.jp/\" targettype=\"URL\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e) was used to annotate the visualized mitochondrial genome [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR19\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e19\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR20\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e20\u003c/span\u003e]. PCGs, rRNA genes were further confirmed manually using CLC Genomics Workbench 7.5.2 by aligning the new mitogenome with closely related Melanotaenia mitogenome [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR21\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e21\u003c/span\u003e]. The tRNAScan-SE server version 2.0 was used to identify the 22 tRNAs as well as reconfirm their secondary structures [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR22\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e22\u003c/span\u003e]. To ensure the correct reading frame, nucleotide sequences of the 13 PCGs were translated with MEGA XI [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR23\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e23\u003c/span\u003e] on the basis of the vertebrate mitochondrial genetic code. Similarly, CSBs were also identified by comparing the recognition sites with other Melanotaenia species in the control region of \u003cem\u003eM. fasinensis\u003c/em\u003e. The circular map of the \u003cem\u003eC. meladerma\u003c/em\u003e mitogenome was illustrated by the online server MitoAnnotator [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR19\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e19\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR20\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e20\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR24\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e24\u003c/span\u003e]. The secondary structure of the putative origin of light strand replication was predicted by the Mfold web server [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR25\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e25\u003c/span\u003e]. The nucleotide composition and the relative synonymous codon usage (RSCU) were calculated using MEGA XI [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR23\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e23\u003c/span\u003e]. The bias of nucleotide composition was measured as AT skew = (A\u0026thinsp;\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;T)/(A\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;T) and GC skew = (G\u0026thinsp;\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;C)/(G\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;C), respectively. Finally, the complete annotated mitogenome was submitted to the NCBI database.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec6\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.4. Phylogenetic analyses to determine the phylogenetic position of \u003cem\u003eM. fasinensis\u003c/em\u003e.\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eWe conducted phylogenetic analyses based on 21 mitochondrial genome sequences highly similar to \u003cem\u003eM. fasinensis\u003c/em\u003e (Table \u003cspan refid=\"MOESM1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003eS1\u003c/span\u003e). Two families, Atherinidae and Isonidae, were used as out-groups. We aligned mitogenome sequences using the MUSCLE program with the default settings in MEGA11 [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR23\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e23\u003c/span\u003e]. Phylogenetic analysis was performed using the Maximum Likelihood (ML) with 1000 bootstrap replicates. The length of consensus sequences, amount of variable sites, Kimura 2-Parameter (K2P) distance, and Ts/Tv ratios were calculated by the software MEGA11 [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR23\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e23\u003c/span\u003e].\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e"},{"header":"3. Results","content":"\u003cdiv id=\"Sec8\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e3.1. Genome structure, organization and composition\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe total length of the mitochondrial genome of \u003cem\u003eM. fasinensis\u003c/em\u003e was found to be 16,731 base pairs (bp) as reported in GenBank (accession number: OR879116). There are 13 genes that code for proteins, 22 genes that code for transfer RNA, 2 genes that code for ribosomal RNA, and a noncoding regulatory region called the D-loop in the mitochondria genome (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e, Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e). The \u003cem\u003eM. fasinensis\u003c/em\u003e mitogenome sequence is larger than other Melanotaenia mitogenomes ranging from 1,6487 bp in \u003cem\u003eM. lacustris\u003c/em\u003e to 1,6731 in \u003cem\u003eM. fasinensis\u003c/em\u003e (Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e). Among them, 28 genes (12 PCGs, two rRNAs, and 14 tRNAs) were located on the heavy strand (H strand) and others (ND6 and 8 tRNAs) were located on the light strand (L strand) (Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e). The comprehensive mitochondrial genome of M. fasinensis exhibited a base composition of 27.76% for adenine (A), 27.34% for thymine (T), 16.15% for guanine (G), and 28.75% for cytosine (C), with an A\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;T content of 55.10%. Furthermore, the A\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;T content of \u003cem\u003eM. fasinensis\u003c/em\u003e was similar than that of other Melanotania genus mt genomes (Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOverall, the complete mitogenome displayed a preference for A\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;T content, comprising 54.56% (Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e). The highest A\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;T content was observed in the control region (CR) at 61.92%, followed by transfer RNA sequences (tRNAs) at 55.75%, protein-coding genes (PCGs) at 54.4%, and ribosomal RNA sequences (rRNAs) at 54.42%. Similarly, in the comparison of mitogenomes among 7 Melanotaenia species, including \u003cem\u003eM. fasinensis\u003c/em\u003e, they showed relatively similar nucleotide compositions to each other (Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn the newly sequenced mitogenome of \u003cem\u003eM. fasinensis\u003c/em\u003e, the AT and GC skew were 0.008 and \u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;0.310 respectively. The AT skew of other representative Melanotaenia species varied from 0.021 (\u003cem\u003eM. praecox\u003c/em\u003e) to 0.028 (\u003cem\u003eM.australis\u003c/em\u003e) and GC skew varied from \u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;0.310 (\u003cem\u003eM. australis\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eM. splendida\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eM\u003c/em\u003e. \u003cem\u003efluviatilis\u003c/em\u003e ) to -0.299 (\u003cem\u003eM. boesmani\u003c/em\u003e) (Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e). The weakly positive AT skew in most of the genes indicates the occurrence of more Adenine (A)s Thymine (T)s than Thymine (T)s in the complete mitogenome of Melanotaenia species. With respect to the absolute value, the GC skew was always lower than the AT skew in all surveyed mitogenome of Melanotaenia species (Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab1\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 1\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eList of annotated mitochondrial genes of \u003cem\u003eM. fasinensis\u003c/em\u003e and its characteristic features.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"10\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c6\" colnum=\"6\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c7\" colnum=\"7\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c8\" colnum=\"8\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c9\" colnum=\"9\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c10\" colnum=\"10\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eName\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePosition\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eLength (bp)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAmino Acids\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStart codon\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStop codon\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnticodon\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpace (+) Overlap (-)\u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStand\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFrom\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTo\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003etRNA-Phe\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e68\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e68\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eH\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12S RNA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e69\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1013\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e947\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eH\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003etRNA-Val\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1014\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1084\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eH\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16S RNA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1085\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2755\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eH\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003etRNA-Leu\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2756\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2829\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUAA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eH\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eND1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2830\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3804\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e324\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eATG\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTAG\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eH\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003etRNA-Ile\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3809\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3878\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eH\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003etRNA-Gln\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3887\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3959\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eL\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003etRNA-Met\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3959\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4027\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eH\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eND2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4028\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4399\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e123\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eATG\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTAA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eH\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003etRNA-Trp\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4400\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4471\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eH\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003etRNA-Ala\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4472\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4540\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eL\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003etRNA-Asn\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4542\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4614\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eL\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eO\u003csub\u003eL\u003c/sub\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4615\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4648\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eH\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003etRNA-Cys\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4649\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4715\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eL\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003etRNA-Tyr\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4812\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4879\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e68\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eL\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCOXI\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4948\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6498\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e516\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eGTG\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTAA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eH\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003etRNA-Ser\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6510\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6579\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUGA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eL\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003etRNA-Asp\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6584\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6654\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eH\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCOXII\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6659\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7349\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e230\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eATG\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eT--\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eH\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003etRNA-Lys\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7350\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7422\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eH\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eATPase8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7424\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7591\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e55\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eATG\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTAG\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-10\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eH\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eATPase6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7582\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8264\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e227\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eGTG\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTA-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eH\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCOXIII\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8265\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9049\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e261\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eATG\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTA-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eH\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003etRNA-Gly\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9050\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9121\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eH\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eND3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9122\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9472\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e116\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eATG\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTAG\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eH\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003etRNA-Arg\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9473\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9541\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eH\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eND4L\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9542\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9838\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e98\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eATG\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTAA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eH\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eND4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9832\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11214\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e460\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eATG\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTAA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eH\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCR1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11215\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11924\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eH\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003etRNA-His\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11925\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11994\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eH\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003etRNA-Ser\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11995\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12062\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eGCU\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eH\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003etRNA-Leu\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12066\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12137\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUAG\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eH\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eND5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12138\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e13976\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e612\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eATG\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTAA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eH\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eND6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e13973\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e14494\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e173\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eATG\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTAA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eL\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003etRNA-Glu\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e14495\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e14563\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eL\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCytb\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e14570\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15709\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e379\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eATG\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTAA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eH\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003etRNA-Thr\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15711\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15782\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eH\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003etRNA-Pro\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15783\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15851\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eL\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCR2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15852\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16731\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e880\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eH\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ea Negative value indicates the overlapping sequences between adjacent genes.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eb H: heavy strand; L: light strand.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab2\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 2\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNucleotide composition and skewness of mitogenome in 8 Melanotaenia species and 2 species outgroups\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"10\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c6\" colnum=\"6\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c7\" colnum=\"7\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c8\" colnum=\"8\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c9\" colnum=\"9\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c10\" colnum=\"10\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpecies\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAccession Number\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eLength (bp)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eA%\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eT%\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eG%\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC%\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eA\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;T %\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAT Skew\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eGC Skew\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eComplete mitochondrial genome\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMelanotaenia fasinensis\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOR879116.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16,731\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.76\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.34\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.16\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.75\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e55.10\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.008\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.280\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMelanotaenia lacustris\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNC_004385.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16,487\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.83\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.38\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.83\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e29.95\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e54.22\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.026\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.308\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMelanotaenia boesemani\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNC_028208.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16,493\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.88\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.47\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.74\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e29.92\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e55.35\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.022\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.299\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMelanotaenia australis\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNC_030170.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16,530\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.79\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.66\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e29.66\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e54.45\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.028\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.310\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMelanotaenia splendida\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNC_028280.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16,528\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.02\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.61\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.69\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e29.68\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e54.63\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.027\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.310\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMelanotaenia parkinsoni\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNC_026904.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16,529\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.08\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.55\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.66\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e29.71\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e54.63\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.015\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.297\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMelanotaenia fluviatilis\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNC_081030.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16,524\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.52\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.69\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.09\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e29.70\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e54.21\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.026\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.310\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMelanotaenia praecox\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNC_030253.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16,536\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.51\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.34\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.18\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e29.97\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e53.85\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.021\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.302\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eProtein Coding genes (PCG)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMelanotaenia fasinensis\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOR879116.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10,757\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.90\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e29.41\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.05\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e29.64\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e54.31\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.083\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.297\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMelanotaenia lacustris\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNC_004385.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11,427\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.35\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.99\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e31.43\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e53.34\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.049\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.347\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMelanotaenia boesemani\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNC_028208.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11,427\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.28\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.22\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.28\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e31.22\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e53.50\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.055\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.343\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMelanotaenia australis\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNC_030170.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11,427\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.12\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.54\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.43\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e30.91\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e53.66\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.064\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.334\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMelanotaenia splendida\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNC_028280.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11,427\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.51\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.30\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.14\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e31.05\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e53.81\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.052\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.344\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMelanotaenia parkinsoni\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNC_026904.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11,427\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.62\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.25\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.08\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e31.05\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e53.87\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.049\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.346\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMelanotaenia fluviatilis\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNC_081030.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11,427\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.94\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.36\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.53\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e31.16\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e53.85\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.064\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.335\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMelanotaenia praecox\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNC_030253.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11,427\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.82\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.18\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.78\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e31.22\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e53.00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.063\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.329\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003etRNA genes\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMelanotaenia fasinensis\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOR879116.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1,549\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.28\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.63\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.72\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.37\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e55.91\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.012\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.031\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMelanotaenia lacustris\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNC_004385.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1,550\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.32\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.48\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.97\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e55.81\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.015\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.039\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMelanotaenia boesemani\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNC_028208.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1,549\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.41\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.44\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.85\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.30\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e55.84\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.017\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.036\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMelanotaenia australis\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNC_030170.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1,549\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e28,21\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.50\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.05\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.24\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e55.71\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.013\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.041\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMelanotaenia splendida\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNC_028280.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1,548\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.29\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.58\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.06\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.06\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e55.88\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.013\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.045\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMelanotaenia parkinsoni\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNC_026904.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1,548\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.52\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.13\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.12\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e55.75\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.013\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.045\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMelanotaenia fluviatilis\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNC_081030.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1,549\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.08\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.30\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.98\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.62\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e55.38\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.014\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.030\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMelanotaenia praecox\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNC_030253.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1,552\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.35\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.38\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.68\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.59\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e55.73\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.017\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.025\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003erRNA genes\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMelanotaenia fasinensis\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOR879116.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2,616\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e32.22\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.40\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.83\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.54\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e54.63\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.180\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.082\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMelanotaenia lacustris\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNC_004385.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2,622\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e32.07\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.35\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.90\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.71\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e54.42\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.179\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.084\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMelanotaenia boesemani\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNC_028208.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2,626\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e32.03\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.39\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.75\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.83\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e54.42\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.177\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.089\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMelanotaenia australis\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNC_030170.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2,622\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e31,77\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.39\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.94\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.90\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e54.16\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.173\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.087\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMelanotaenia splendida\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNC_028280.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2,621\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e32.13\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.43\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.83\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.61\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e54.56\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.178\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.083\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMelanotaenia parkinsoni\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNC_026904.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2,622\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e32.23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.35\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.75\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.68\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e54.58\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.181\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.086\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMelanotaenia fluviatilis\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNC_081030.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2,621\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e31.97\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.36\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.18\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.49\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e54.33\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.177\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.073\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMelanotaenia praecox\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNC_030253.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2,625\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e31.81\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.44\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.03\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.72\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e54.25\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.173\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.081\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eControl Regions (CR)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMelanotaenia fasinensis\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOR879116.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1,590\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e30.00\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e30.75\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.72\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.53\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e60.75\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.012\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.250\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMelanotaenia lacustris\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNC_004385.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e830\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e31.57\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e32.41\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.94\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.08\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e63.98\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.013\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.171\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMelanotaenia boesemani\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNC_028208.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e833\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e31.93\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e31.81\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.77\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.49\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e63.75\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.002\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.185\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMelanotaenia australis\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNC_030170.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e873\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e32.65\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e31.73\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.32\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.31\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e64.38\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.014\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.196\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMelanotaenia splendida\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNC_028280.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e874\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e32.04\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e32.49\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.53\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.94\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e64.53\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.007\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.181\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMelanotaenia parkinsoni\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNC_026904.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e874\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e31.81\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e32.38\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.53\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.28\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e64.19\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.009\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.188\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMelanotaenia fluviatilis\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNC_081030.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e871\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e31.11\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e33.52\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.81\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.55\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e64.64\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.037\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.162\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMelanotaenia praecox\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNC_030253.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e880\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e31.93\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e29.77\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.45\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.84\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e61.70\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.035\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.193\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec9\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e3.2. Overlapping and intergenic spacer regions\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe complete mitogenome of \u003cem\u003eM. fasinensis\u003c/em\u003e contained six overlapping sequences totaling 26 bp in length (Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e). These sequences exhibited varying lengths, spanning from 1 bp to 10 bp, with the most extensive overlap observed on the H strand between ATP8 and ATP6 (10 bp), as well as ND4L and ND4 (7 bp).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn addition, short noncoding intergenic spacers across the newly sequenced mitogenome with a total length of 93 bp and variation in the number of overlapping sequences was 5 with a total length of 29 bp (Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e). The longest spacer (68 bp) was situated between tRNA-Try and COXI gene on the L strand. The comparative analysis exhibited variation in the number of overlapping sequences ranging from 4 (\u003cem\u003eM. praecox\u003c/em\u003e) to 7 (\u003cem\u003eM. fluviatilis\u003c/em\u003e) with a length variation of length variation ranging 9 bp to 30 bp in other Melanotaenia species (Table S2). Additionally, the longest intergenic spacer (69 bp) was observed between tRNA-Gly and ND3 of \u003cem\u003eM. boesemani\u003c/em\u003e, while 11 bp were found between tRNA-Try and COXI of \u003cem\u003eM. australis\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eM. lacustris\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eM. parkinsoni\u003c/em\u003e, and \u003cem\u003eM. splendida\u003c/em\u003e. Conversely, 9 bp separated tRNA-Try and COXI of \u003cem\u003eM. praecox\u003c/em\u003e, and only 4 bp were present between tRNA-Asp and COXII of \u003cem\u003eM. fluviatilis\u003c/em\u003e, indicating greater diversity in both location and intergenic nucleotide lengths compared to the overlaps (Table S2).\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec10\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e3.3. Protein-coding genes\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe collective length of protein-coding genes (PCGs) within the entire mitochondrial genome accounted for 10,757 bp, representing 64.29% of the total length. The 13 protein-coding genes within the mitochondria have a common initiation codon, ATG. The nucleotide sequence 'TAA', which serves as a complete stop codon, was observed in the genes ND2, COXI, ND4L, ND4, ND5, ND6, and Cytb. Additionally, an incomplete stop codon represented by 'T\u0026ndash;\u0026ndash;' was identified in the genes COXII, COXIII, and ATPase 6. Among the protein-coding genes examined, it was observed that the ND5 gene had the greatest length, measuring 1,839 base pairs (bp), while the ATPse8 gene displayed the smallest length, measuring 168 bp (Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe collective A\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;T content of the 13 PCGs in \u003cem\u003eM. fasinensis\u003c/em\u003e was calculated at 54.31%, with values ranging from 51.85% for ND4L to 57.16% for COXII (Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab3\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e). Furthermore, to assess the extent of base bias across all PCGs, base skews were determined. The AT skew and GC skew values for all 13 PCGs of \u003cem\u003eM. fasinensis\u003c/em\u003e are depicted in Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig3\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e. Notably, twelve out of thirteen PCGs exhibited significant negative GC skewness, with a deviation observed in the ND6 region, consistent with patterns seen in most teleost fishes. Similar to other Melanotaenia mitogenomes, the majority of these PCGs initiated with the ATG codon, except for COX I, which commenced with GTG.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRegarding stop codons, eight protein-coding genes (PCGs) were terminated by the standard codons (TAA and TAG), whereas the remaining genes terminated with truncated codons (TA and T) (Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e and Table S3). The occurrence of these incomplete termination codons is potentially widespread in Melanotaenia mitogenomes and is thought to be offset by post-transcriptional polyadenylation mechanisms [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR6\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR21\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e21\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan additionalcitationids=\"CR27 CR28\" citationid=\"CR26\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e26\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR29\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e29\u003c/span\u003e].\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab3\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 3\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eComposition of protein-coding genes in \u003cem\u003eM. fasinensis\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"12\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c6\" colnum=\"6\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c7\" colnum=\"7\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c8\" colnum=\"8\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c9\" colnum=\"9\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c10\" colnum=\"10\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c11\" colnum=\"11\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c12\" colnum=\"12\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c2\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eProtein-coding genes\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eLength (bp)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eT\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eG\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eA%\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eT%\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eG%\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC%\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eA\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;T %\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTotal of PCGs\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c3\" namest=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10757\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2678\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3164\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1727\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3188\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.90\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e29.41\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.05\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e29.64\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e54.31\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eND1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c3\" namest=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e975\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e242\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e283\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e144\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e306\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.82\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e29.03\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.77\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e31.38\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e53.85\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eND2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c3\" namest=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e372\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e104\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e89\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e49\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e130\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.96\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.92\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.17\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e34.95\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e51.88\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCOXI\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c3\" namest=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1551\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e379\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e468\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e280\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e424\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.44\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e30.17\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.05\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.34\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e54.61\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCOXII\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c3\" namest=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e691\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e195\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e200\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e110\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e186\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.22\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.94\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.92\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.92\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e57.16\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eATPase8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c3\" namest=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e168\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e45\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e46\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e24\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e53\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.79\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.38\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.29\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e31.55\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e54.17\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eATPase6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c3\" namest=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e683\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e149\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e212\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e101\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e221\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.82\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e31.04\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.79\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e32.36\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e52.86\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCOXIII\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c3\" namest=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e785\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e205\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e215\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e129\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e236\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.11\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.39\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.43\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e30.06\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e53.50\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eND3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c3\" namest=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e351\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e73\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e114\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e58\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e106\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.80\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e32.48\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.52\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e30.20\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e53.28\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eND4L\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c3\" namest=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e297\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e64\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e90\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e41\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e102\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.55\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e30.30\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.80\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e34.34\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e51.85\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eND4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c3\" namest=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1383\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e357\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e391\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e195\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e440\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.81\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.27\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.10\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e31.81\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e54.09\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eND5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c3\" namest=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1839\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e492\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e522\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e246\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e579\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.75\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.38\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.38\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e31.48\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e55.14\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eND6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c3\" namest=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e522\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e82\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e190\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e188\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e62\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.71\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e36.40\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e36.02\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.88\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e52.11\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCyt-b\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c3\" namest=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1140\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e291\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e344\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e162\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e343\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.53\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e30.18\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.21\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e30.09\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e55.70\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe relative synonymous codon usage (RSCU) values of PCGs in \u003cem\u003eM. fasinensis\u003c/em\u003e (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig4\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e) were summarized along with those other Melanotaenia fish (Fig. \u003cspan refid=\"MOESM1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003eS1\u003c/span\u003e). \u003cem\u003eM. fasinensis\u003c/em\u003e encoded a total of 3611 amino acids in its PCGs. Analysis of codon usage patterns in these genes indicated that codons for Leucine (11.58%), Alanin (9.50%), Thr (7.70%), Ile (7.31%), and Serine (6.62%) were the most frequently employed, while Cys was less prevalent (0.72%). The distribution of amino acids and their relative frequencies in \u003cem\u003eM. fasinensis\u003c/em\u003e corresponded with those observed in the mitogenome of other Melanotaenia species. Significantly, the third position of the predominant codons (CUA-Leu1, AUU-Ile, CUU-leu2, CUC-leu2, and GCC-Ala) exhibited a preference for A and T, a pattern in line with earlier findings in Melanotaenia fish species (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig4\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e, Figure S2).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec11\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e3.4. Transfer and ribosomal RNA genes\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cem\u003eM. fasinensis\u003c/em\u003e possessed a full set of 22 tRNAs, otaling 1,549 base pairs. The lengths of these tRNAs varied individually, ranging from 68 bp for tRNA-Phe to 73 bp for tRNA-Gln, tRNA-Asp, and tRNA-Lys (Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e). Among these tRNAs, 15 genes were situated on the H-strand, while the remainder were located on the L-strand (Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e). The anticodons found in all tRNAs within the M. fasinensis mitogenome were consistent with those typically observed in most teleost species. Generally, there was a direct match between codons and anticodons. However, serine was represented by two different anticodons (UGA, GCU), and leucine was represented by UAG and UAA in \u003cem\u003eM. fasinensis\u003c/em\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe tRNA secondary structures were depicted in Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig5\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e. Apart from tRNASer 2, most tRNAs were predicted to adopt canonical cloverleaf secondary structures. Numerous non-complementary base pairs were identified throughout the stems of these tRNAs. The tRNASer2 found in M. fasinensis did not possess an identifiable DHU stem and loop, which is a characteristic observed in other fish mitogenomes The tRNASer2 identified in \u003cem\u003eM. fasinensis\u003c/em\u003e lacked a recognizable DHU stem and loop or these abnormal tRNAs to function similarly to normal tRNAs. As in other fishes, \u003cem\u003eM. fasinensis\u003c/em\u003e also had two rRNAs. Like other fishes. The 16S large ribosomal gene spanned 1,671 base pairs and was situated between tRNAVal and tRNALeu. Conversely, the 12S small ribosomal gene measured 945 base pairs and resided between tRNAPhe and tRNAVal (Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e). Both ribosomal RNAs were positioned on the H-strand and were separated by tRNAVal.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec12\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e3.5. Non coding regions\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eAs in most vertebrates, the OL of \u003cem\u003eM. fasinensis\u003c/em\u003e was found within a cluster of five tRNA genes (Trp, Ala, Asn, Cys, and Tyr) between tRNAAsn and tRNACys (Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e). The length of the putative origin of light strand replication was 33 bp. The region had the ability to fold into a stable stem-loop secondary structure, with a stem formed by 8 paired nucleotides and a loop of 13 nucleotides.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMelanotaenia genus, \u003cem\u003eM. fasinensis\u003c/em\u003e possesses two control regions (CRs): one situated between trnT and ND6 (designated as CR1) and the other positioned between trnT and trnF (designated as CR2). The CR stands out as the longest non-coding segment within vertebrate mitochondrial DNA, typically hosting crucial elements essential for replication and transcription processes [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR14\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e14\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR30\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e30\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR31\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e31\u003c/span\u003e]. Two identical CRs, CR1 measuring 710 bp in length were found between ND4 and tRNA-His (Table S6). Additionally, CR2, situated between tRNAPro and tRNAPhe and spanning approximately 880 base pairs. In addition, At the 5' end of the CR, a domain with termination-associated sequences was observed, featuring three TACAT motifs and two corresponding palindrome sequences, ATGTA. Additionally, a conserved sequence block (CSB-2) was detected at the end of the CR (Table S4). However, unlike most other fishes, the central conserved sequence block (CSB) domain and the CSB-1 and CSB-3 could not be recognized in \u003cem\u003eM. fasinensis\u003c/em\u003e. Moreover, the general organization of the CR was similar to that reported for other Melanotaenia fishes [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR6\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR21\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e21\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR26\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e26\u003c/span\u003e]. The A\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;T content, AT skew and GC skew in CR were 60.75%, -0.012 and \u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;0.250 respectively, which was also nearly consistent with the findings of previous reports on other Melanotaenias studied here (Table S2)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec13\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e3.7. Phylogeny\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe mitogenome arrangement of M. fasinensis closely resembles that of various species within the Melanotaenia genus, such as \u003cem\u003eM. lacustris\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eM. boesemani\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eM. australis\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eM. splendida\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eM. Parkinson\u003c/em\u003ei, \u003cem\u003eM. fluviatilis\u003c/em\u003e, and \u003cem\u003eM. praecox\u003c/em\u003e, as well as species from the Glossolepis and Iriatherina genera. Similarities were observed, ranging from 88.66\u0026ndash;83.64%.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePhylogenetic trees were constructed using maximum likelihood, incorporating 11 species of Melanotaenia, as well as families Atherinomorus and Isonidae as the outgroup. This analysis unveiled the existence of two primary clades, labeled as clades I and II (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig6\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003e, Table \u003cspan refid=\"MOESM1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003eS1\u003c/span\u003e). The result indicated a high level of agreement among the ML trees in their overall structure and exhibited strong support values. The phylogenetic tree analysis indicated that all species of the Melanotaeniidae genera clustered together on the same branch. Furthermore, the intergeneric and interspecific taxonomic positions were explicit and clear. Phylogenetically, the Melanotaeniidae are closer to the family Isonidae than to the Atherinomorus family. The phylogenetic position of \u003cem\u003eM. fasinensis\u003c/em\u003e is relatively in the basal position in the genus Melanotaenia. The result from this study would offer a comprehensive understanding of the evolutionary correlation between \u003cem\u003eM. fasinensis\u003c/em\u003e and other rainbowfish species residing in the region of West Papua. The incorporation of more taxa from the genus Melanotaenia in the phylogenetic analyses on future may help to better understand the phylogenetic relationships and evolutionary history among species in this genus.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e"},{"header":"4. Discussion","content":"\u003cp\u003eIn the present study, we found that the \u003cem\u003eM. fasinensis\u003c/em\u003e mitogenome sequence is larger than other Melanotaenia mitogenomes. Within this group, 28 genes, comprising 12 protein-PCGs, two rRNAs, and 14 tRNAs, were situated on the heavy strand (H strand), while the remaining genes, including ND6 and 8 tRNAs, were positioned on the light strand (L strand). Like in other vertebrates, the majority of genes were encoded on the H strand, with the exception of ND6 and eight tRNA genes. Additionally, all genes exhibited similar lengths to those found in other bony fishes [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR32\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e32\u003c/span\u003e]. In addition, the gene arrangement in both L and H strand were canonically identical and consistent with other Melanotaenia genus [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR21\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e21\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR29\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e29\u003c/span\u003e]. Genes located on the L-strand exhibited a notable preference for thymine (T) in the codon wobble position, while adenine (A) or cytosine (C) ending codons were overrepresented in genes on the H-strand [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR33\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e33\u003c/span\u003e].\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe A\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;T content of \u003cem\u003eM. fasinensis\u003c/em\u003e closely resembled that of mitochondrial genomes in other species within the Melanotania genus. The A\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;T content observed in the L-strand closely resembled that of other teleost mitochondrial genomes [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR30\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e30\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR34\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e34\u003c/span\u003e]. This suggested that the mitochondrial genome of \u003cem\u003eM. fasinensis\u003c/em\u003e displayed the typical arrangement found in both teleosts and vertebrates. Genes encoded on the L-strand exhibited a notable preference for thymine in the codon wobble position, while adenine or cytosine ending codons were more prevalent in the genes on the H-strand. This strand-specific bias is believed to stem from asymmetrical directional mutation pressure [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR33\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e33\u003c/span\u003e].\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe predominance of Adenine over Thymine in most genes of the complete mitogenome of Melanotaenia species is indicated by a weakly positive AT skew. Additionally, the absolute value of GC skew consistently remained lower than that of AT skew across all surveyed mitogenomes of Melanotaenia species. This discrepancy may arise from strand asymmetry, suggesting a strand compositional bias and a potential violation of Chargaff's second parity rule. This could be the result of strand asymmetry (strand compositional bias) due to the violation of Chargaff's second parity rule [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR7\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e7\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR35\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e35\u003c/span\u003e].\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe overlapping of nucleotides between adjacent genes is a common characteristic found in teleost mitogenomes, which aids in compacting the mitogenomes [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR30\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e30\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR36\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e36\u003c/span\u003e]. The overlapping regions between ND4L/ND4 and ATP8/ATP6 were identified as common features found in Melanotaenia species [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR6\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR21\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e21\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan additionalcitationids=\"CR27 CR28\" citationid=\"CR26\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e26\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR29\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e29\u003c/span\u003e] and other teleosts [\u003cspan additionalcitationids=\"CR38 CR39\" citationid=\"CR37\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e37\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR40\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e40\u003c/span\u003e]. In addition, in this study showed that greater diversity in both location and intergenic nucleotide lengths compared to the overlaps. The same phenomenon has been observed in other teleost organisms [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR7\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e7\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR14\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e14\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR37\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e37\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR41\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e41\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR42\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e42\u003c/span\u003e].\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn the majority of Melanotaenia species, a consistent trait is evident: ATP8 ranks as the shortest while ND5 stands as the longest among PCGs [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR6\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR21\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e21\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan additionalcitationids=\"CR27 CR28\" citationid=\"CR26\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e26\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR29\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e29\u003c/span\u003e], This pattern mirrors a common occurrence observed in various other teleost fish species [\u003cspan additionalcitationids=\"CR44 CR45\" citationid=\"CR43\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e43\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR46\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e46\u003c/span\u003e]. As with other Melanotaenia mitogenomes, the majority of protein-coding genes (PCGs) in this study were found to commence with the ATG codon, with the exception of COX I, which initiated with GTG. Across fish mitogenomes, conventional start codons are predominantly utilized for these genes, while alternate start codons are rare within the Melanotaenia genus, a trend also observed in teleosts and other eukaryotic organisms [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR33\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e33\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR47\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e47\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR48\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e48\u003c/span\u003e]. Concerning stop codons, eight protein-coding genes (PCGs) concluded with standard codons (TAA and TAG), while the rest ended with truncated codons (TA and T). Incomplete termination codons are likely widespread in Melanotaenia mitogenomes, potentially compensated for by post-transcriptional polyadenylation mechanisms [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR6\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR21\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e21\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan additionalcitationids=\"CR27 CR28\" citationid=\"CR26\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e26\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR29\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e29\u003c/span\u003e].\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe anticodons present in all tRNAs in the \u003cem\u003eM. fasinensis\u003c/em\u003e mitogenome were in line with those commonly seen in the majority of teleost species. Overall, there was a direct correspondence between codons and anticodons. Nevertheless, serine was encoded by two distinct anticodons (UGA, GCU), and leucine was encoded by UAG and UAA in M. \u003cem\u003efasinensis\u003c/em\u003e. It was common for teleost mitogenomes to have multiple tRNAs recognizing different anticodons [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR7\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e7\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR45\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e45\u003c/span\u003e].\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSeveral non-matching base pairs were detected within the stems of these tRNAs. These mismatches observed in tRNA sequences appeared to be a common occurrence in teleost mitochondrial tRNA genes [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR49\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e49\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR50\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e50\u003c/span\u003e]. It's probable that the mismatches present in the stems of these tRNAs underwent modifications via post-transcriptional editing mechanisms [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR51\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e51\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR52\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e52\u003c/span\u003e]. The tRNASer2 found in \u003cem\u003eM. fasinensis\u003c/em\u003e did not possess an identifiable DHU stem and loop, which is a characteristic observed in other fish mitogenomes [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR8\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e8\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR53\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e53\u003c/span\u003e]. The tRNASer2 found in M. fasinensis did not feature a recognizable DHU stem and loop, a feature observed in other fish mitogenomes [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR8\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e8\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR53\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e53\u003c/span\u003e] or these atypical tRNAs operate in a manner akin to regular tRNAs. They may necessitate coevolved interacting factors or post-transcriptional RNA editing [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR7\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e7\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR33\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e33\u003c/span\u003e].\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAs in other fishes, \u003cem\u003eM. fasinensis\u003c/em\u003e also had two rRNAs. Like other fishes. The 16S large ribosomal gene was situated between tRNAVal and tRNALeu. Conversely, the 12S small ribosomal gene resided between tRNAPhe and tRNAVal. Both ribosomal RNAs were positioned on the H-strand and were separated by tRNAVal, which aligns with a typical pattern found in most vertebrates [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR13\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e13\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR54\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e54\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR55\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e55\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe CR, also known as the control region, stands out as the largest non-coding segment within vertebrate mtDNA, commonly hosting vital elements essential for both replication and transcription functions [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR12\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e12\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR56\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e56\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR57\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e57\u003c/span\u003e]. Unlike its counterparts within the Melanotaenia genus, \u003cem\u003eM. fasinensis\u003c/em\u003e is unique in having two control regions (CRs). The CR stands out as the longest non-coding segment within vertebrate mitochondrial DNA, typically hosting crucial elements essential for replication and transcription processes [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR14\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e14\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR30\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e30\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR31\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e31\u003c/span\u003e]. CR1, spanning a length of 710 base pairs, was identified between ND4 and tRNA-His refer to Table S6. However, it lacked typical features associated with control regions, such as conserved sequence blocks (CSBs) as identified by [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR58\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e58\u003c/span\u003e], or termination-associated sequences (TASs) as identified by [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR59\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e59\u003c/span\u003e]. The result of this study align with the earlier documented findings concerning bony fish [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR60\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e60\u003c/span\u003e]. Furthermore, CR2, positioned between tRNAPro and tRNAPhe, spans approximately 880 base pairs. At the 5' end of the CR, a region containing termination-associated sequences was noted, comprising three TACAT motifs and two corresponding palindrome sequences, ATGTA. Additionally, a conserved sequence block (CSB-2) was identified at the termination of the CR. This block plays a role in positioning RNA polymerase during transcription and priming replication [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR58\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e58\u003c/span\u003e]. However, unlike most other fishes, the central conserved sequence block (CSB) domain and the CSB-1 and CSB-3 could not be recognized in M. fasinensis. This study also aligns with previous reports on other teleost mitogenomes, noting that only certain portions of CSB in fish were detected [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR58\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e58\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR59\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e59\u003c/span\u003e]. Moreover, the general organization of the CR was similar to that reported for other Melanotaenia fishes [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR6\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR21\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e21\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR32\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e32\u003c/span\u003e]. The A\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;T content, AT skew, and GC skew observed in the control region (CR) were almost consistent with the results reported in previous studies on other Melanotaenia species examined in this study [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR6\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR21\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e21\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR26\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e26\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR32\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e32\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe mitochondrial genome arrangement of \u003cem\u003eM. fasinensis\u003c/em\u003e closely resembled that of all species within the Melanotaenia species [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR6\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR21\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e21\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR26\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e26\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR28\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e28\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR29\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e29\u003c/span\u003e], Glossolepis [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR26\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e26\u003c/span\u003e], and Iriatherina genera [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR32\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e32\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR61\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e61\u003c/span\u003e]. Based on whole mitogenomic data, 11 species of Melanotaenia were analyzed using maximum likelihood analyses, revealing the presence of two major clades. Moreover, from a phylogenetic perspective, the Melanotaeniidae family shares a closer evolutionary relationship with the Isonidae family than with the Atherinomorus family. This finding aligns with the results of a prior molecular study that relied on partial mitochondrial DNA cytb gene analysis [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR62\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e62\u003c/span\u003e].\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"5. Conclusion","content":"\u003cp\u003eThe present study describes the complete mitogenome of rainbow fish (\u003cem\u003eMelanotaenia fasinensis\u003c/em\u003e), which is 16,731 bp in length. The organization and gene content did not differ significantly from the already registered mitogenome of other Melanotaenia genus, a distinctive two control region was observed in \u003cem\u003eM. fasinensis\u003c/em\u003e. This observed variation has a scope to form an important tool for the identification of Melanotaenia at the genus level. Phylogenetic analyses using mitogenome confirmed the phylogenetic position of \u003cem\u003eM. fasinensis\u003c/em\u003e within the genus Melanotaenia, and occupying a basal position, and was clearly distinct from other Melanotaenia species. The comprehensive mitogenome data presented here will serve as a valuable resource for future investigations into molecular taxonomy, genetic diversity, and population structure of \u003cem\u003eM. fasinensis\u003c/em\u003e. Additionally, it offers fresh perspectives that could enhance conservation strategies for this species.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Declarations","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDeclaration of competing interest\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe authors report no conflicts of interest. The authors alone are responsible for doing the research and writing the paper.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEthics statement\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe study protocol received approval from the Ethical Clearance and Research Permits granted by the Directorate of Research and Innovation, BRIN (number: 070/KE.02/SK/04/2023).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFunding\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis study has been funded by the Rumah Program Hasil Pengungkapan dan Pemanfaatan Biodiversitas Nusantara 2023 research grant managed by Research Organization for Life Science and Environment, Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) Republic of Indonesia.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAuthor Contributions Statement\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eH.M: Conceptualization, designed the experiments, performed the experiments, analyzed the data, wrote the main manuscript, and funding acquisition. K.S: designed the experiments, performed the experiments, and analyzed the data. K.K: Collected samples, designed the experiments, and performed the experiments. I.C.C, R.A, and A.A.M: Analyzed the data. W.E.K and S.L: Designed the experiments. E.P.H, B.I, A.T.S, S.S, and I.I : Performed the experiments. All authors concur to assume responsibility for all facets of the research.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAcknowledgments\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe express our gratitude to the laboratory technicians at the Genomic Laboratory of the National Research and Innovation Agency in Cibinong, Indonesia, for their valuable assistance during the analysis of sequencing data.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"References","content":"\u003col\u003e\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eKKP. Fisheries and Marine Export Statistics Book 2016\u0026ndash;2021. 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Aqua. 2014;20(3):139\u0026ndash;58.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\u003c/ol\u003e"}],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":true,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":false,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":false,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"bmc-genomics","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"gics","sideBox":"Learn more about [BMC Genomics](http://bmcgenomics.biomedcentral.com/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"https://www.editorialmanager.com/gics","title":"BMC Genomics","twitterHandle":"#BMCGenomics","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"BMC Series","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Melanotaenia fasinensis, mitochondrial genome, rainbow fish","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4473290/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4473290/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eThe Fasin Rainbow fish, scientifically known as \u003cem\u003eMelanotaenia fasinensis\u003c/em\u003e, is highly sought after by aquarium enthusiasts due to its vibrant colors and adaptability to artificial aquatic environments. This species is endemic to the karst landscape of the Bird\u0026rsquo;s Head region in Papua, Indonesia, and belongs to the Melanotaeniidae family. Discovered relatively recently in 2010, it has been designated as endangered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) in 2021. However, there is currently insufficient data regarding its phylogenetic positioning. To address this gap, our study employed next-generation sequencing to analyze the entire mitochondrial genome of \u003cem\u003eM. fasinensis\u003c/em\u003e. The mitochondrial genome consists of 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, and two ribosomal RNA genes, with a total length of 16,731 base pairs. The base composition of the mitogenome revealed percentages of 27.76% adenine (A), 27.34% thymine (T), 16.15% guanine (G), and 28.75% cytosine (C). Our phylogenetic analysis, based on nucleotide sequences mitogenome, indicated that \u003cem\u003eM. fasinensis\u003c/em\u003e occupies a relatively basal position within the Melanotaenia genus. This study provides valuable molecular insights for further exploration of phylogeography and evolutionary history, not only for \u003cem\u003eM. fasinensis\u003c/em\u003e but also for other members of the Melanotaenia genus.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Insights into structural features and phylogenetic implications of the complete mitochondrial genome of Fasin rainbow fish (Melanotaenia fasinensis)","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2024-06-10 13:12:03","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4473290/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"decision","content":"Revision requested","date":"2024-05-28T12:06:03+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"checksComplete","content":"","date":"2024-05-28T09:48:34+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2024-05-28T09:48:34+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"BMC Genomics","date":"2024-05-24T15:12:19+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"bmc-genomics","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"gics","sideBox":"Learn more about [BMC Genomics](http://bmcgenomics.biomedcentral.com/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"https://www.editorialmanager.com/gics","title":"BMC Genomics","twitterHandle":"#BMCGenomics","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"BMC Series","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"1fc2c13b-3dca-4d5f-927f-ff0e048a8ad7","owner":[],"postedDate":"June 10th, 2024","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"published-in-journal","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2024-11-18T15:59:40+00:00","versionOfRecord":{"articleIdentity":"rs-4473290","link":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-024-10996-7","journal":{"identity":"bmc-genomics","isVorOnly":false,"title":"BMC Genomics"},"publishedOn":"2024-11-11 15:57:00","publishedOnDateReadable":"November 11th, 2024"},"versionCreatedAt":"2024-06-10 13:12:03","video":"","vorDoi":"10.1186/s12864-024-10996-7","vorDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-024-10996-7","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-4473290","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-4473290","identity":"rs-4473290","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"qtupq5eGEP_6zYnWcrvyt","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}