Trade-offs or Synergies Among Ecosystem Services in National Parks? A Multi-scale Analysis of Huangshan National Park, China

Trade-offs or Synergies Among Ecosystem Services in National Parks? A Multi-scale Analysis of Huangshan National Park, China | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article Trade-offs or Synergies Among Ecosystem Services in National Parks? A Multi-scale Analysis of Huangshan National Park, China Yaru Wang, Yahe Yu This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-7581919/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract National parks are important carriers of human ecological civilization construction, and the weighing and coordinated measurement of ecosystem services are important propositions for the ecological environment protection of national parks. We performed a comprehensive temporal and spatial assessment of changes in ecosystem services and identified the tradeoffs and synergies that exist among ecosystem services in Huangshan National Park core zone and buffer zone. The results show that the relationships among ecosystem services in the core zone (Huangshan scenic area) were mainly synergistic. In the buffer zone (surrounding towns), land use varied by township, and the ecosystem services in this zone showed different changes and relationships compared to those in the Huangshan scenic area from 2000 to 2023. This study provides empirical evidence that the development of tourism can promote the synergy of regional ecosystem services in National Park. In contrast, agriculture facilitates tradeoffs among regional ecosystem services. This indicates that agricultural activities in the buffer zones of national parks, including their methods, scale, and scope, should be restricted, while ecotourism should be encouraged to develop moderately. Biological sciences/Ecology Earth and environmental sciences/Ecology Earth and environmental sciences/Environmental sciences Earth and environmental sciences/Environmental social sciences Ecosystem services national park trade-offs synergies tourism development Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-7581919","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":521731355,"identity":"291b975d-50cb-4c4d-a8dd-389c02c51ba6","order_by":0,"name":"Yaru Wang","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Dongbei University of Finance and Economics","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Yaru","middleName":"","lastName":"Wang","suffix":""},{"id":521731356,"identity":"c106eb44-5659-4936-914c-d9ad087c6d76","order_by":1,"name":"Yahe 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A Multi-scale Analysis of Huangshan National Park, China","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Ecosystem services, national park, trade-offs, synergies, tourism development","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7581919/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7581919/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eNational parks are important carriers of human ecological civilization construction, and the weighing and coordinated measurement of ecosystem services are important propositions for the ecological environment protection of national parks. We performed a comprehensive temporal and spatial assessment of changes in ecosystem services and identified the tradeoffs and synergies that exist among ecosystem services in Huangshan National Park core zone and buffer zone. The results show that the relationships among ecosystem services in the core zone (Huangshan scenic area) were mainly synergistic. In the buffer zone (surrounding towns), land use varied by township, and the ecosystem services in this zone showed different changes and relationships compared to those in the Huangshan scenic area from 2000 to 2023. This study provides empirical evidence that the development of tourism can promote the synergy of regional ecosystem services in National Park. In contrast, agriculture facilitates tradeoffs among regional ecosystem services. This indicates that agricultural activities in the buffer zones of national parks, including their methods, scale, and scope, should be restricted, while ecotourism should be encouraged to develop moderately.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Trade-offs or Synergies Among Ecosystem Services in National Parks? A Multi-scale Analysis of Huangshan National Park, China","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-09-29 03:22:04","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7581919/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"7b5670ae-c3e3-453d-9cbd-c07869af478e","owner":[],"postedDate":"September 29th, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[{"id":55453464,"name":"Biological sciences/Ecology"},{"id":55453465,"name":"Earth and environmental sciences/Ecology"},{"id":55453466,"name":"Earth and environmental sciences/Environmental sciences"},{"id":55453467,"name":"Earth and environmental sciences/Environmental social sciences"}],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2026-05-13T09:16:15+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2025-09-29 03:22:04","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-7581919","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-7581919","identity":"rs-7581919","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"8U1c8b4HqxoKbykW_rLl7","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}