Enhancement of Mechanical Properties in Laterite-Based Composites Using Powdered Eggshells for Sustainable Construction

Abstract This study investigates the enhancement of mechanical properties in laterite-based composites through the incorporation of powdered eggshells (ESP) for sustainable construction applications. Composites were prepared by blending laterite soil (LS) with Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) and varying concentrations of ESP (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%). Mechanical properties were evaluated through tests on compressive strength, flexural strength, density, water absorption, and hardness. Results indicate that the composite with 15% ESP exhibited the highest compressive strength of 2.56 MPa and flexural strength of 1.028 MPa. Additionally, increasing ESP content led to a reduction in density. Water absorption decreased up to an ESP concentration of 10%, after which it increased. The hardness of the composites also peaked at 15% ESP. These findings demonstrate that incorporating 15% ESP into laterite-based composites significantly enhances their mechanical properties, suggesting its potential as a sustainable and performance enhancing material for construction. The use of powdered eggshells, a waste product, aligns with environmental sustainability goals and offers an innovative approach to improving the performance of construction materials while reducing their environmental impact.