A Modal Superposition Based Method for Real-Time Structural Displacement and Force Reconstruction Using Sparse Sensor Data

A Modal Superposition Based Method for Real-Time Structural Displacement and Force Reconstruction Using Sparse Sensor Data | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article A Modal Superposition Based Method for Real-Time Structural Displacement and Force Reconstruction Using Sparse Sensor Data Onur Avcıoğlu This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-6864876/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Reliable estimation of full-field structural displacements and internal forces from limited sensor data remains a key challenge in Structural Health Monitoring (SHM), particularly during strong dynamic events. This study proposes the Modal Structural Stress Mapping (MSSM) method, a real-time reconstruction technique for structural displacements and internal forces using sparse sensor measurements and modal superposition. Unlike traditional SHM approaches that detect damage through modal parameter shifts, MSSM provides direct physical response estimations that can support rapid damage localization and performance evaluation. The method has been implemented in a structural analysis software platform, integrated with an IoT-based SHM workflow, and validated through both numerical simulations and the instrumented Van Nuys hotel testbed. The results demonstrate that MSSM can reconstruct structural response with high accuracy, showing displacement errors below 0.12% compared to full time history analyses. The method extends beyond seismic applications and is suitable for various structural typologies, including fatigue assessment under wind and vehicular loads. It provides a robust framework for evaluating long-term structural integrity and identifying potential damage in both structural and non-structural elements based on observed deformation patterns. Civil Engineering Structural Health Monitoring Modal Structural Stress Mapping (MSSM) Modal Superposition Seismic Response Reconstruction Digital Twin Real-time Structural Monitoring Full Text Additional Declarations The authors declare no competing interests. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-6864876","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":469348302,"identity":"3a1c9b9c-2912-465a-8d1d-f5127d1f0460","order_by":0,"name":"Onur Avcıoğlu","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA0UlEQVRIiWNgGAWjYJCCAwwMFgz8IFZCAfFaJBgkG0BaDIi3SILB4ACIJkYL/4zkhwc+/JJI3Hx+deKHBwYM8vxiBwgYfyPN4ODMPonEbTfebpYAOsxw5uwEAtacOcNwmLcHpOXsBpCWBIPbBLTIw7RsnnF28w+itBgc72E4zPNDInEDf+824mwxPN4G9EuDhPGMG7zbLBIMJAj7Re4w8+MPH/7YyPb3n91880eFjTy/NAEtYMDYBiQkwColiFAOBn+AmP8AsapHwSgYBaNgpAEAw+xKVZ/K32UAAAAASUVORK5CYII=","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1429-0055","institution":"Milenyum Proje Danışmanlık San. 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