Statistical Analysis and Effects of Radio Frequency Interference in GPS Signal Quality in Thailand

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M. Myint, Jirapoom Budtho, and 1 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4194293/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 09 Sep, 2024 Read the published version in GPS Solutions → Version 1 posted 9 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract The radio frequency interference (RFI) in global navigation satellite system (GNSS) signals has recently received much attention in the GNSS community because of frequent jamming issues. The carrier-to-noise density ratio ( C/N 0 ) is one of the common parameters to indicate the signal quality. In this work, we aim to analyze the occurrences of local RFI effects in areas surrounding the Suvarnabhumi International Airport as well as remote areas. Specifically, the percentage of RFI levels and raw C/N 0 values are analyzed based on the modified RFI detection. The estimated RFI values are created from the raw C/N 0 data, followed by the RFI levels generated by the empirical data. We validate the modified RFI detection by using the GNSS reference stations at the urban, suburban, and outside the capital city in Thailand. The user positioning errors with the high (severe) RFI levels are investigated based on the single point positioning (SPP) and real-time kinematics (RTK). From the experimental simulations, the high RFI levels at the urban are higher than those at the suburban. As expected, the statistical analysis covering COVID-19 (2019 to 2023) shows that the high RFI levels in June 2023 (post COVID-19) are more than those in June 2020 and 2021 (lockdown COVID-19) about twofold. Additionally, the SPP and RTK errors with the medium/high RFI levels have the error spikes in the centimeter to meter levels. The RTK performance with the fixed status can be affected and then returned to the float status as well. radio frequency interference carrier-to-noise density ratio single point positioning real-time kinematic Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 09 Sep, 2024 Read the published version in GPS Solutions → Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 06 May, 2024 Reviews received at journal 06 May, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 08 Apr, 2024 Reviews received at journal 05 Apr, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 04 Apr, 2024 Reviewers invited by journal 04 Apr, 2024 Editor assigned by journal 01 Apr, 2024 Submission checks completed at journal 31 Mar, 2024 First submitted to journal 31 Mar, 2024 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-4194293","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":286020482,"identity":"510e6f60-c932-470c-93b1-77660a61aa12","order_by":0,"name":"Somkit Sophan","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Somkit","middleName":"","lastName":"Sophan","suffix":""},{"id":286020483,"identity":"78b7f93b-91f9-4138-ac1a-c7b57ab87d67","order_by":1,"name":"Pornchai Supnithi","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA6UlEQVRIiWNgGAWjYLACxgYGHhD1sIFBgoEPInaAKC3MhkAtEmxgoQTCWkCATRJIE9Zizt777MHPHXYyDPxnzCpn5ljUsTEwP/zA+OMOTi2WPcfNDXvPJPMwSOSY3dy4DeQwNmMJhoRnOLUY3Ehjk2ZsYwZq4TG7+RCshcEM6LDDhLTU84AcVgjRwv6NGC2HgSGWY8YIcRgPflsse46xSfa2Hedhk0grlpy5TUIS6MhiiYQ03FrM2dvYJH62Vdvz8x/e+LF3Wx0/P3v7xg8fbPA4DMZggwsxA3ECTg1IWkbBKBgFo2AU4AQAMnJGI2nvhogAAAAASUVORK5CYII=","orcid":"","institution":"King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Pornchai","middleName":"","lastName":"Supnithi","suffix":""},{"id":286020484,"identity":"f36747e3-dfe5-45b3-95a7-d5f5b19bbba7","order_by":2,"name":"Lin M. 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