Real-time fine-tuning ultrafast supercontinuum generation and nonlinear pulse compression in hybrid multipass cell

Real-time fine-tuning ultrafast supercontinuum generation and nonlinear pulse compression in hybrid multipass cell | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article Real-time fine-tuning ultrafast supercontinuum generation and nonlinear pulse compression in hybrid multipass cell Mohamad Dashcasan, Atamalek Ghorbanzadeh This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-6465565/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 13 Oct, 2025 Read the published version in Communications Physics → Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract The self-compression of near-IR laser pulses in a multipass cell requires anomalously dispersive mirrors to balance the dispersion within the cell, which limits the setup flexibility and energy scaling. To address this limitation, we explore the feasibility of employing both solid and gas within multipass cells, thereby eliminating the need for chirped mirrors. In this hybrid multipass cell, we utilize a KDP plate as the nonlinear material to broaden the spectrum, leveraging its anomalous dispersion properties. Then, the cell is filled with normally dispersive gases to dynamically adjust the net dispersion throughout the process. This combination enables real-time fine-tuning of dispersion and precise control over the compression process. Based on our comprehensive carrier-resolved 2D+1 propagation simulations, despite pulse splitting during evolution, a strong isolated pulse can be achieved at the final stage when cavity parameters - such as gas pressure and number of passes - are properly optimized. Our results demonstrate that the proposed hybrid multipass cell can achieve spectral broadening and temporal compression by factors of 14 and 21, respectively, resulting in a few-cycle pulse duration of 4.6 fs with more than 40% energy efficiency. This method offers a significant improvement over traditional self-compression techniques, providing a cost-effective and adjustable alternative for near-IR pulse compression. Physical sciences/Optics and photonics/Optical physics/Supercontinuum generation Physical sciences/Optics and photonics/Optical physics/Nonlinear optics Physical sciences/Optics and photonics/Optical physics/Ultrafast photonics Full Text Additional Declarations There is NO Competing Interest. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 13 Oct, 2025 Read the published version in Communications Physics → Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-6465565","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":448103888,"identity":"e5ff7131-8643-4f1d-ad5a-536de5aa68fb","order_by":0,"name":"Mohamad Dashcasan","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAAz0lEQVRIiWNgGAWjYDCCAwxsEAZ7A4RmI14LzwHGBhK1SCQwNhDlLr7jx589+FFTJ28u+cb8AUONHQOf9AH8WiTP5Jgb9hw7bLhzdo5hA8OxZAY2vgT8WgwO5LBJM7AdYNxwG6SFDehOHgIOMzj//Jk0w786+w03zwC1/CNGy40EM2nGNubEDTd4DBsY24jQInnjjZlkb9/h5A1n0gpnJPYl8xDUwnc+/ZnEj291thuOH97w4cM3Ozn5HgJaUEECMEZJ0jAKRsEoGAWjADsAAP1pQQaFedY6AAAAAElFTkSuQmCC","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4548-4520","institution":"University of Tehran","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Mohamad","middleName":"","lastName":"Dashcasan","suffix":""},{"id":448103889,"identity":"e3784391-b24d-4f50-a319-19b21fc34172","order_by":1,"name":"Atamalek Ghorbanzadeh","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"University of Tehran","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Atamalek","middleName":"","lastName":"Ghorbanzadeh","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2025-04-16 17:20:16","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6465565/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6465565/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[{"content":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s42005-025-02312-w","type":"published","date":"2025-10-13T04:00:00+00:00"}],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":93465148,"identity":"4236f1c3-0f3f-44a4-85f2-fb41c8f58eb3","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-10-14 07:11:02","extension":"pdf","order_by":0,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"acdc-reference","size":3565367,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"cpmcp.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6465565/v1_covered_3e7d5f4b-1f89-4724-b63a-9601e22a10c6.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"There is \u003cb\u003eNO\u003c/b\u003e Competing Interest.","formattedTitle":"Real-time fine-tuning ultrafast supercontinuum generation and nonlinear pulse compression in hybrid multipass cell","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"nature-portfolio","isNatureJournal":true,"hasQc":false,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"","title":"Nature Portfolio","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":false,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"ejp","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false},"keywords":"","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6465565/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6465565/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eThe self-compression of near-IR laser pulses in a multipass cell requires anomalously dispersive mirrors to balance the dispersion within the cell, which limits the setup flexibility and energy scaling. To address this limitation, we explore the feasibility of employing both solid and gas within multipass cells, thereby eliminating the need for chirped mirrors. In this hybrid multipass cell, we utilize a KDP plate as the nonlinear material to broaden the spectrum, leveraging its anomalous dispersion properties. Then, the cell is filled with normally dispersive gases to dynamically adjust the net dispersion throughout the process. This combination enables real-time fine-tuning of dispersion and precise control over the compression process. Based on our comprehensive carrier-resolved 2D+1 propagation simulations, despite pulse splitting during evolution, a strong isolated pulse can be achieved at the final stage when cavity parameters - such as gas pressure and number of passes - are properly optimized. 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