Comparison of the Reproductive Outcomes of Patients With Incomplete and Complete Uterine Septum

Abstract Purpose To evaluate the effects of transcervical resection of the septum (TCRS) for two kinds of uterine septum on reproductive outcomes among women of reproductive age.Methods In this retrospective cohort study, we evaluated the reproductive outcomes after TCRS of 57 women with incomplete uterine septum and 23 women with complete uterine septum from January 2010 to December 2018 at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University.Results In group A, the spontaneous abortion and embryo arrest rates were significantly reduced by TCRS (P<0.001), and the rate of term delivery was improved (P<0.001) after TCRS. In group B, the pregnancy rate was significantly increased (43.5% vs. 82.6%), the rate of spontaneous abortion was significantly reduced (P<0.05), and the rate of term delivery was significantly improved (P<0.001) after operation. The cesarean section rate was significantly higher in group B than in group A after operation (76.5% vs. 47.7%). The pregnancy rate was highest at approximately the 6th month in group A and at approximately the 12th month in group B after operation.Conclusion We found that in patients who underwent TCRS, the rate of spontaneous abortion decreased, and the rates of pregnancy and full-term birth increased; however, the rates of cesarean section and placenta previa increased. Considering the high miscarriage and infertility rates before operation, TCRS seems effective. An incomplete uterine septum resection can lead to an earlier pregnancy than a complete uterine septum resection after surgery, thus ensuring the best time for pregnancy is not missed.