Identifying and Implementing Sustainable Development Approaches for the Socio-economic Growth of the Millavitiya Grama Niladhari Division: An Analysis on Potential Practices and Strategies

Identifying and Implementing Sustainable Development Approaches for the Socio-economic Growth of the Millavitiya Grama Niladhari Division: An Analysis on Potential Practices and Strategies | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Identifying and Implementing Sustainable Development Approaches for the Socio-economic Growth of the Millavitiya Grama Niladhari Division: An Analysis on Potential Practices and Strategies Isuru Udakara Yakandawala This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-8446685/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract This study mainly focusses to identifying the potential sustainable development approaches that can be deployed among the socio-economic growth process of the Millavitiya Grama Niladhari division and discussing the possibilities of the implementing those approaches in the ground level. Background study and SWOT analysis has been used as the main methodology for the identifying the ground realities and negative and positive insights of the study area. Under the main findings of the background literature analysis and the SWOT analysis, main potential approaches have been deliberated considering the strength, weakness, opportunities and the threat in the village. As final conclusion, numerous approaches and concepts can be used for the socio-economic growth in the area such as, green economy, green agriculture, participatory development, green mineral economy, sustainable data management, green digital economy, green culture and technology, green energy, and sustainable tourism. Millavitiya has been a most suitable geographical and socio-economic entity which can be used sustainable approaches in wide range and effectively. Development Economics Sustainable Development Approaches Rural Development SWOT Green Economy Sustainability Figures Figure 1 Figure 2 1.Introduction The world moves fast and in such a challenging geopolitical environment, the challenges facing a developing country like Sri Lanka will be more extensive and intense. But any country can strategically address these common challenges through a specific and planned process. But, in establishing a specific and planned process for that, the location of a precise theoretical and conceptual position is an essential factor. In the header, in the study of potential sustainable development approaches and practices for the development of Millavitiya Grama Niladhari Division, the most appropriate strategies, methods, approaches and practices should be selected in accordance with the realities on the ground. In particular, this affects the temporal and spatial behavior as well as the universal definition of sustainable development. Therefore, firstly, understanding the theoretical background, secondly understanding the reality on the ground and thirdly selecting the appropriate sustainable development approaches. It is also important to have a clear and precise theoretical and conceptual position in the focus of a village or town at ground level. In discussing the development of a village or city and related sustainable development approaches, understanding the theoretical background associated with it is the most academic way to approach the actual topic. Accordingly, the next part analyzes the theoretical background for relevant academic research through the identification of more organized and concisely framed concepts. 2. Literature Review 2.1 Development The word 'development' is commonly used to refer to a specific improvement or development (Cambridge University, 2024 ). It can also be used to describe a new and advanced idea or product or used in context to indicate a new phase under changing circumstances. Development can refer to various things such as economic development, or software development. In the context of software development, it encompasses the process of creating and maintaining applications, frameworks, or other software components. This includes technical tasks such as coding, testing, debugging and documenting the software. But the development that would be discussed here is completely different with the context. Thus although a definition can be seen plural meanings in the text, the concept of development can be analyzed more deeply in the field of development studies and focusing on the overall development of a country or region. Concept of development to many directions and over time it has changed. United Nations In the first paragraph of the Agenda for Development (A/RES/51/240) stated as follows (United Nations, 2024 ). "Development is one of the main priorities of the United Nations. Development is a multidimensional responsibility to achieve a high standard of living for all people. Economic development, Social development and environmental protection are interdependent and mutually reinforcing components of sustainable development." Development, as defined by the United Nations, informs the idea of ​​a multidimensional and equitable society as defined in the middle quarter of the 21st century. Further, it emphasizes that development is a powerful factor leading to sustainability. Since, socio-economic development of the study area has been defined by this UN sustainable development. 2.2 Regional and Rural Development As Barenhold points out, regional development is the label of efforts to develop certain areas of a country. He further points out that this regional development should be generally understood in socio-economic terms (Bærenholdt, 2009 ). The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) defines regional development as a concept and approach, regional development policy as a place-based policy. Therefore, Millavitiya being limited to a rural area, the related development falls under regional development. The organization's primary objective of regional development is to reduce regional disparities by supporting economic activities in all regions (OECD, n.d.). Bebbington tries to more detailed define the rural development. He mentions that rural development also refers to the expansion of capitalism in rural areas,Also understood as policy and project interventions aimed at fostering socio-economic change and human development in rural areas (Bebbington, 2001 ). Accordingly the regional development concept, linking with the concept of rural development ensures sustainable and equitable development. When focusing on Millavitiya village development, the two concepts of regional development and rural development should be defined because spatially Millavitiya is a regional and rural space. 2.3 Sustainable Development The interpretation that is still used today stems from the simple, yet comprehensive statement given to sustainable development by the Gohalan Brookland Commission of 1987, themed "Our Common Future". Accordingly, sustainable development is defined as development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs (United Nations Brundtland Commission, 1987 ). Sustainable development calls for collective efforts to build an integrated, sustainable and resilient future for people and the planet. That defining principle of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development is a commitment by all countries to work together to secure the rights and well-being of all who live on a healthy, prosperous planet. But the world is facing the danger of not being able to fulfill that promise by 2030. The Sustainable Development Goals are disappearing into the rearview mirror, as are the hopes and rights of current and future generations. A fundamental shift in commitment, cooperation, financing and swift action is needed to set the world on a better path (United Nations, 2023 ). In such a situation, it has become more important to use sustainable development approaches and practices for regional and rural development. 2.4 Sustainable Development Approaches and practices Sustainable underlying core intent is to create sustainable, resilient and equitable development. Through sustainable development approaches and practices, the primary objective is to push a specific geographic space towards full sustainable development. That is, any approach or practice used to achieve sustainable development can be identified as sustainable development approaches and practices. Vonholz's development approach consists of setting goals and strategies to address emerging global environmental and development problems (Vornholz, 1994 ). That is, sustainable development approaches and practices are scientific tools that lead to sustainable development by proposing answers to existing challenges. Using the above concepts in a balanced way, the most appropriate, innovative and technical sustainable development approaches required for the development of the Millavitiya Grama Niladhari Division should be discovered. Sustainable development approaches and practices can be used in different ways to achieve the common goal of development. In that case, as the spatial boundary is used as a grama niladhari division or the smallest administrative unit in Sri Lanka, the development carried out locally is specialized. Moreover, Millavitiya village is a rural area within the Kuruwita Divisional Secretariat, so the concept of rural development is directly applicable. Due to the need to achieve development in a more sustainable manner, sustainable development approaches and practices are used as strategic development tools. Thus, the theoretical background can be framed in a more interrelated manner. Accordingly, the next parts will study the sustainable development approaches used to create sustainable development in Millavitiya rural area. 3. Methodology 3.1 Data Framework This background will be used for study. The data received basically falls under two primary and secondary data. The data can be classified as follows. Table 1 Data Frame Data type sources Primary data Interviews Village Officer Divisional Secretariat Data Officer Secondary data Resource profile (Sampath Pethikada) Village Officer Reports Other literature 3.2 Study methodology The methodology is created through two basic methodologies. Firstly, a background analysis is conducted to identify the background of the Millavitiya Grama niladhari division where the basic geographical, economic and social background is identified. Secondly, the SWOT analysis method is used for the background study to uncover the sustainable development approaches and practices. This method is used for the convenience of conducting a more comprehensive and balanced study and uncovering the facts. SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats) analysis is a widely accepted strategic planning tool used to assess the internal and external factors affecting the performance and competitive position of an organization, area, process (Hill, T., & Westbrook, R., 1997 ). It provides valuable insights for local authorities to make informed decisions and develop effective strategies. SWOT analysis serves as a framework for identifying and evaluating an area's internal strengths and weaknesses as well as external opportunities and threats (Weihrich, 1982 ). To illustrate the analysis, Sarsby has drawn this relationship in one diagram (Sarsby, 2016 ). The primary purpose of conducting a SWOT analysis is to gain a comprehensive understanding of the current state of an area, assess its competitive position, and gain informed strategic decision-making. Analyzing these four dimensions helps a region develop sustainable development strategies to capitalize on its strengths, address weaknesses, leverage opportunities, and mitigate threats. 4. Results & Discussion Theoretical background alone is not a successful practice for any analysis. For a study to be complete, it is important to identify its specific temporal and spatial geographic environment. In the same way, it is possible to derive the possibilities, weaknesses, opportunities and threats in the study area within that geographical temporal and spatial background. This Part identifies the possibilities that this geographical temporal and spatial arrangement has generated. 4.1 Background Analysis Millavitiya Grama Niladhari Division is located in Sabaragamuwa Province and in Ratnapura district. Kuruwita is a grama niladhari division under Divisional Secretariat Division. A grama niladhari division is the smallest unit in Sri Lanka's administrative hierarchy. The following map has tried to visually show the Millavitiya grama niladhari division with its peripheral administrative units (Fig. 2 ). Millavitiya grama niladhari is a one grama niladhari division one from the 39 divisions in Kuruvita Divisional Secretary (Divisional Secretariat, 2021 ). In terms of geographical information, Millavitiya Grama niladhari division is spread over 5.36 square kilometers and two small villages belong to the Grama niladhari division (Table 2 ). Table 2 Millavitiya Grama Nildhari Domain Sub no Grama Nildhari Domain Village Officer Domain Types size (K.m.) Villages belonging to 20 158A Millavitiya 5.36 02 In regard to this Administrative Structure of the Division, this village official division belongs to a regional secretariat and a farmer center ( Govi Kendrayan ) and a health medical office. Those administrative structures classification is as follows (Table 3 ). Table 3 Administrative structures Classification Number of Villages Number of Farming Centres Number of Local Authorities Police jurisdiction Offices of Medical Officers’ of Health Municipal councils/City councils Local councils Sub-offices of Pradiyasabha 3 1 0 1 0 Kuruvita 1 The Millavitiya can be identified, in focusing on socio-economic activities. Many of the characteristics can be found like in other rural areas of Sri Lanka, as well as various unique characteristics. Although the economic pattern has largely coincided with agriculture, shiftment of people for jobs in the service and industrial sectors can be identified through the advent of free education and new economic movements. It can be stated that in focusing on the land consumption of Grama Niladhari Division, it has been directed towards the production of export crops like tea, coconut and rubber. The following classification prepared according to Development Officer reports further confirms the above point (Table 4 ) (Divisional Secretariat, 2021 ). Table 4 Land use by crops Land Use by Crops (Acres) Tea Rubber coconut Mixed cropping (Tea/Coconut/ rubber) Minor export crops - Cinnamon Minor export crops – Pepper Minor export crops - cardamom Paddy fruit Heck. 90 75 12 7 4 3 - - - As a traditional industry drum manufacturing industry in Millavitaya grama niladhari division has protected. Animal husbandry also takes place in Millavitiya and cow and poultry husbandry as well as goat husbandry also take place. This animal husbandry aims to meet the requirement of milk as well as meet the requirement of eggs. Animals for meat trade is very rare in this division (Table 5 ) Table 5 animal husbandry Domain Cattle husbandry Chicken husbandry Goat husbandry Pigs husbandry Number of Farms Number of cattles Number of Farms Number Number of Farms Number Number of Farms Number 158AMillavitiya 05 102 06 70 01 05 - - In focusing on infrastructure facilities, division has received a lot of urban connectivity due to its location next to the Colombo-Ratnapura main road. A, B, C, D type roads as well as provincial roads have been prepared for the village road system. Out of which provincial and B type roads cover most of the road system (Table 6 ) (Divisional Secretariat, 2021 ). Table 6 Road classification roads type A Grade (K.m.) B Grade (K.m.) C Grade (K.m.) D Grade (K.m.) provinces roads Estate roads (K.Mr) 02 06 04 04 10 - Focusing on social infrastructure, there are three community halls, a cemetery and a playground, belong to the domain of the village officer. In addition, a network of social capital has emerged through registered farmers', youth and women's unions. Thus, several factors can be summarized and analyzed based on the social, economic, geographical and environmental factors that are revealed above and such facts through SWOT analysis would be formulated. 4.2 SWOT analysis The basic analysis method used to select the sustainable development approaches and practices that can be used to develop the Millavitiya Grama Niladhari Division is the feasibility analysis. It was indicated above. By doing so, the information discovered through the background analysis of Millavitiya village will be classified into strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. Table 7 SWOT Analysis SWOT Findings Strengths • Agriculture based on animal husbandry and export cropsHaving a foundation. • 49 acres of natural forest resource available • Alugollahena Deniya water source • Gems and commercial sand mineral resources • Survival of traditional industries(drum industry) • Multi-organised network of registered social organisations(Women, Youth, Sports and Farmers Societies) • InternetAvailability of associated infrastructure Weaknesses • Dependence on primary resources • Deforestation • Soil degradation due to mineral mining, sand dumping • Degradation of water sources • Lack of economic infrastructure (Financial Institution Systems, Energy Facilities) • High accident rate (In other domains to relatively) Opportunities • Proximity to the road network with Ratnapura-Colombo urban connectivity. • Impact of human resource development due to being in the middle of two national schools(within 10km / 13km distance limit) • Being a village at the center of a tourist ring (Bopat Falls, Dodam Falls, Delgamuwa Rajamaha Temple, Sri Nagabodhi Temple) Threats • Exposure to capital investment inequalities by higher control units • Dependence on the capital city economic center (Service Economy) • Direct economic and social pressure from the capital city economic center • Availability of market information in closed urban economies In this way, can be analyzed under 4 criteria. Under each of the above criteria, existing development data related to Millavitiya grama niladhari domain is created. Approaches and development practices selection is made using the analysis data and through the data provided by this analysis, further policy making can be developed to various stages of the sustainable process. 4.3 Sustainable Approaches and Practices Through background analysis and SWOT analysis, a broad picture can be created regarding the officer Millavitiya villages. In association with that, about the existing problems as well as potentials for the development of Millavitiya village can be magnified. Based on that analysis, a number of sustainable development approaches and practices that can be used for the sustainable development of the village can be pointed out. The most effective and most realistic approaches and practices should be selected based on the financial and resource profile. Green concepts and sustainable development objectives-oriented development approaches are used for this purpose. 4.3.1 Green Economy This concept seeks an economic system that respects and protects the environment while promoting physical prosperity. It is renewable energy, resource efficiency and emphasizes cyclical economic principles. Here, circular economic fundamentals mean reducing waste to the environment and using resources more sustainably in a circular manner without harming the external environment in the process. This concept is important in the development of Millavitiya village and the preservation of good efficiency and sustainability in economic production resources, should be studied here. In particular, Millavitiya village can identify a special distinction under two basic principles that mainly emphasize a green economy. Sustainable finance : This focuses on investing in projects and businesses that contribute to environmental and social well-being while generating financial returns.In looking at the Millavitiya village, one of the most fundamental weaknesses shown through the analysis of SWOT is the lack of financial space in the village. Often the financial circulation between the rural economies is linked to the city and therefore becomes a heavy dependence on the urban as well as negative economic outputs such as transportation methods and transportation-related carbon has occurred. Therefore, the more sustainable development of the rural financial sector can be identified as a major green economic factor in the city. In particular, the expansion of digital currency-related services can have positive green economic features, such as cutting transportation costs and improving time efficiency. Green Jobs : Renewable energy, Green jobs that contribute to the transition to a more sustainable economy that includes energy efficiency, sustainable agriculture and environmental restoration jobs. As indicated through the above background study, a workforce from all three sectors namely agriculture, industry and services resides are in Millawitiya. There are several key issues that can be investigated across this workforce. Agricultural labour contributes mainly to the degradation of forest and water sources. Industrial labor has been limited to garment labor and lack of diversification. The service economy is highly depending on cities. High transportation cost and time consumption due to being connected with the city. The following solutions can be proposed for these problems under the concept of sustainable jobs. Farmers and farmer organizations should be informed about sustainable agricultural practices (The promotion of green agricultural practices has been extensively discussed elsewhere). Training of human resources for skilled industrial jobs outside the garment industries in the industrial sector and educational facilities and social infrastructure should be built for that. Development must happen. Sumanatissa Vidyalaya has become the only school under the jurisdiction of Grama Niladhari where learning can be done up to the O/Ls, and working to solve pressing problems such as shortage of technical teachers, computer labs will achieve speedy results. The rural people who maintain the service economy by paying a distance of about 60/80km commute between the capital and the village in the morning and evening. In addition to the 8 working hours, they spend six hours commuting to and from the workplace. Due to this, not only economic but also many social problems have arisen. The rural service economy is drawn towards the economic center of the capital because of the existing capacity problems in the rural economy. In particular, this reveals the need for a new sustainable investment program to directly integrate this workforce into the rural economy. Dealing with these various components of the green economy will help find answers to the chronic problems of the Millawitiya village as well as accelerate the activation of existing economic potential with external investments. In particular, large disparities appear in the state's intervention in capital formation. Looking at the diagram below, the disparities in public investment in the economy has exposed. Grama Niladhari domain according to table, has only received capital for 6 projects in the year 2021 (Divisional Secretariat, 2021 ). Table 8 State Capital Investments Number of projects implemented The cost is Rs. Number of Beneficiaries 6 1,600,000.00 1170 Therefore, to promote private investment and create a sustainable project mechanism in rural areas through sustainable economic methods are mandatory. Thus, there is a high potential to reduce not only the efficiency of the economy, the high utilization of resources but also the degradation of existing resources in the village on the intervention of the sustainable green economy. 4.3.2 Green Agriculture As discussed through the above chapter, most land is consumed in Millavitiya village like tea, coconut, rubbers that is for agricultural purposes. But a number of environmental problems that have arisen because of that can be identified by observing the village. To water sources chemicals have been accumulated. the Kuruwita Divisional Secretariat has only 28 water sources, one of which is Alugollahena Deniya in Millawitiya village which belongs to the official domain. Although this kind of resource has been inherited, it is currently being degraded and the quality of the water is inferior due to the daily agricultural inputs. Destruction of forest population due to agriculture and as well as other human activities can be identified as a strong problem. Unauthorized and unproductive agriculture has led to the rapid shrinking of forest cover, including the following Devala Jungle and Kurugaga Reserves. Even the areas designated as a reserve by the government, spread over 49 acres below, have been affected by this situation (Divisional Secretariat, 2021 ). Table 9 Forest Cover Name of Reserve Land size (Acres) Temple Forest 42 Kurugaga Reserve 09 Green agriculture is the most appropriate sustainable practice and approach to introduce the Millavitiya grama niladhari division to this environmental crisis situation. Green agriculture is an ecologically philosophy to prevent ecosystem degradation, Sustainable Farming Based on Principles and Practices as can be defined. This approach can be introduced as a method beyond the traditional agrarian mentality aimed at achieving food safety. Hence, agriculture's green solution to food security, is suggested here, a concept that focuses on environmental sustainability. This approach, population growth, hunger and food price inflation manage, while driving business activities against disrupting nature's ecosystem and bio diversity management has been guaranteed (Nwachukwu, 2023 ). Since, here agriculture through this approach protect from the degradation and use also to increases food safety in Millavitiya village. Sustainable agriculture means without causing severe or irreversible damage to ecosystem health, a farm can produce food indefinitely that ability according to mentioned by TNAU Agri Tech Portal. Here, the main two secured structures are socio-economic and biophysics components (TNAU Agritech Portal, n.d). By socio-economic component give long-term ability to access inputs and manage resources such as labour by green agriculture. Biophysics components long-term effects of different practices on soil properties and processes essential for crop productivity. Millavitiya village has the potential to reap all these types of green agricultural benefits and further industrialization of primary cultivation activities and the potential to accelerate sustainable growth through the use of digital methods. In particular, the potential of this approach for the village has the potential to be realized by updating the role of agricultural advisor, who is a passive figure in the village, with new up-to-date right agricultural approaches. 4.3.3 Participatory Development Approach The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development that participatory development can be defined as a process of involving the general public in an active and influential decision-making process (OECD, 1995 ). The development approach which is carried out from the bottom up (Down to top Approach) is also done by the public officials instead of politicians and policy makers, taking the people as the primary development process, asking their opinions and implementing projects according to those opinions. This is very appropriate as a development approach for Millavitiya village. The main reason for that is that a multiple organized and outside integration can be seen in the village. That is, Millavitiya can be identified as an active area of ​​all types of rural society companies such as women's societies, farmers' societies, sports and youth as well as rural development organizations. For example:- Millavitiya Village Development Society,Millavitiya Farmers Organization,Samagi Farmers Organization,Diriya Women's Work Organization,Proud Women's Task Force,Arunodaya Youth Club,Paramount Sports Club (Divisional Secretariat, 2021 ) Likewise, Its socio-physical capital is in good condition as shown by the SWOT analysis. For example :- Malindu Community Hall - Millawitiya, Udayapura Community Hall - Udayapura, Shanthagara Community Hall - Millawitiya, Udalagama Cemetery - Millavitiya, Lellagoda College Playground - Lellagoda College (Divisional Secretariat, 2021 ) In a situation where there are so many village organizations and social capital structures and masses of people, it is easier to create a participatory or bottom-up approach to development. In particular, when there is an active social capital relationship on an active population, the basic principles of implementing the participatory development approach can be recognized without conflict. It is easier to understand the problems existing in Millavitiya village at the grassroots level as well as to implement them more effectively through these social capital networks. By adopting a sustainable participatory approach instead of the dominant Western-centric development method, there has been a high possibility of sustaining the development of Millavitiya village in a more fair and balanced way. 4.3.4 Green Mineral Economy A green mineral economy is a green economy that balances the demand for mineral resources with their sustainable consumption. A green economy aims to decouple unsustainable resource use from economic growth. In the green economy approach discussed above and as an extension of it, the concept of green mineral economy is important because of the existence of mineral related industries in Millavitiya village. Green mining is a concept that can be incorporated into practices that can lead to more sustainable mining practices that increase the ability of countries to reap the economic benefits of their geological resources. In particular, Millavitiya Grama Niladhari division can produce gems and commercial sand industry as mainly mining industries. But the damage to the natural environment is extremely high. According to the resource profile of the Divisional Secretariat, there are only one licensed sand trader and 8 gem license holders. However, illegal mining has become rampant. To that end, this approach proposes a more formalized and monitored sustainable method for creating green minerals, as well as law enforcement. Use of low impact and less water intensive techniques in Millavitiya village; reduction, recycling and reuse of mining waste; rehabilitation of mining sites; Minimizing diversity of supply; And the multifaceted functions of improved regulation should be done under the supervision of the state (Johnson-Woods, 2023 ). Minerals for the Green Economy is a 2019 publication of the Geological Survey of Norway, which identifies Norway as a major contender in the mineral resources sector (International Energy Agency, 2022 ). It aims to provide basic information on the importance of critical minerals in the green economy as well as to outline Norway's resource deposits. The potential also exists in front of Millavitiya village. 4.3.5 Sustainable Data Management Sustainable data management means having minimal environmental impact, creating processes that ensure data is stored, processed and accessed in a resilient and cost-effective manner (Bhaumik, 2023 ). In view of Millavitiya Grama Niladhari Division, this approach covers an existing problem. SWOT analysis points to the proliferation of market information in advanced contiguous urban economies as a primary threat. Availability of market information has increased economic efficiency. However, there is very little information about Millavitiya village. Lack of digital data system Existing data not updated (Information available in the Regional Secretariat belongs to the year 2021) Limited access to data Existing classifications of data limitations and lack of accurate data A sustainable digital system to reduce these information related problems is Grama Sevaka officer helps to use the data collected annually for sustainable use. The sustainable data management minimize the environmental impact of data management practices, reducing energy consumption and optimizing resource use. As well as maintaining a systematic data system to protect the environment aims. Sustainable data management also focuses on ensuring that data is used in a socially responsible and ethical manner (Srinivas, 2023 ). Due to this, the environmental impact on Millavitiya village is very high. Table 10 Computer and Internet Usage Number of families used Number of families use the internet Desktop computers Laptop computers wiring with wiring without 630 245 45 880 As shown in the table above, the village domain has a very high computer usage, while the Kuruvita Divisional Secretariat has the highest. Millavitiya has become the village in divisional secretariate which is available highest on desktop computers (Table 10 ) (Divisional Secretariat, 2021 ). Thereby, further developing of the versatility of implementing this approach has been increased. A sustainable data system opens the way for the rapid implementation of all the development approaches discussed above such as green economy, green agriculture as well as participatory development. Thus, further, the planning process is based on easy and accurate sustainability data, making the path to sustainable development even easier. 4.3.6 Green Digital Economy The concepts of digital green economy and sustainability are also closely linked with the above concept. The digital economy is characterized by technologies that help reduce carbon emissions and promote circular economies, thereby supporting sustainability (Albérico Travassos, Rosário Joana Carmo Dias, 2023). Furthermore, digital sustainability is the process of applying social, economic and environmental principles to digital products, services and data. It is a long-term process of creating, storing and managing digital resources to minimize resource consumption and waste. This approach can be pointed out as another stage of the sustainable data management concept indicated above. Thereby, the data manager indicates a higher level of utilization for socio-economic activities in Millavitiya village. 4.3.7 Green culture and technology Indigenous knowledge or traditional practices of communities provide valuable insights for sustainable livelihoods and environmental management. This is expected to innovate the traditional industry of Millavitiya village through green culture and technology. Nature-based spirituality recognizes the interconnectedness of humans and nature, instills a deep respect and concern for the environment, and uses science and technology to harmonize ecology, art, and activism. It is possible to bring the drum industry, which currently operates as a simple industry on a very small-scale using leather and wood, to be brought up-to-date with greener technology and through the green cultural approach, it is possible to further contribute the local culture in the village to the modern economic structure. This is how local industrialization can add modern value, which is a strength in hundred-man analysis. 4.3.8 Green Energy Green energy is energy from renewable sources that are naturally replenished over an anthropogenic timescale. It is also known as clean, sustainable or renewable energy (Inspire Clean Energy, n.d.). Focusing on the village of Millavitiya, despite the potential for hydro-based green energy production, such space has yet to be utilized. In particular, it is a problem that Millavitiya village does not use this approach even when adjacent village official domains such as Patberiya, Devipahala, Soodagala, Lassakanda use this approach. Joining forces with the Sri Lanka Sustainable Energy Authority (SLSEA) to turn to this green energy production is environmentally as well as economically beneficial to Millavitiya village. 3.9 Sustainability Tourism Also known as sustainable tourism, ecotourism or responsible tourism. It is a type of tourism approach that aims to minimize the negative impact of tourism on the environment, culture and society. It also aims to benefit local communities. This approach to Millavitiya village can be tried for rapid development by taking advantage of the location of the tourist ring and Colombo-Ratnapura Road. An existing potential to attract sustainable tourism to Millavitiya village is the way hotel facilities are already set up on a small scale. The number of rooms in that hotel and lodge facility, along with the number of people who can stay, are shown below (Table 11 ). There is potential for further expansion with the small scale down-classified hotel tourism industry. Table 11 Hotel and Accommodation Name of the hotel Type of hotel Number of rooms Accomodation Number Sajeevya Hotel - 02 08 Hotel Priyansa - 06 12 These sustainable tourism industries can be developed by retaining the tourists coming through the natural beauty and tourism ring. Then, the five important elements of a tourism system in the village of Millavitiya, which are attraction, accessibility, accommodation, facilities and activities (Action) principles will be further developed and rural sustainable development will be developed. 4. Conclusion In the first chapter, a broad theoretical understanding of development, regional development, rural development, sustainable development, sustainable development approaches and practices was obtained by studying each other's conceptual and theoretical background. Based on that understanding, the second chapter selected two appropriate analysis methods to analyze the Millavitiya Grama Niladhari Division. Accordingly, the social, economic and geographical space of the village was identified through the selected background analysis method. Based on that identification, the second analysis, which is the SWOT analysis, identified the positive and negative conditions in the village as well as potential threats. Through the next chapter, proposing sustainable development approaches and practices while improving and utilizing those strengths and opportunities, mitigating and addressing weaknesses and threats. There, the focus was primarily on 09 sustainable development approaches and practices. Concurrent as well as widely divergent approaches to sustainability were discussed. But the ultimate goal of all these approaches is to achieve sustainable rural development. Basically, an attempt was made to mention the most appropriate approaches and practices that can be used to improve the points emphasized and solve the problems through the background analysis and the hundredth hand analysis. A sharp correlation between approaches and practices can be observed and the results of one approach and practice are integrated into another approach and practice. For example, the green economy approach directly contributes to the concomitant improvement of the right agriculture approach. Although not so directly linked, sustainable data management with the green economy ties the economy to the market. From this, it is concluded that these sustainability approaches are interrelated as well as mutually dependent. Multidisciplinary sustainable development approach refers to the pursuit of sustainable development by integrating different sustainable development approaches to achieve sustainable development. In the process of creating sustainable development in the village of Millavitiya, the outstanding factor is that it is more appropriate to use multiple sustainable development approaches than one sustainable development approach. Sustainable development approaches and practices through 09 integrated sustainable ways cover not only the economic, social and environmental fields but also the cultural and moral fields of development in Millavitiya village. It further confirms the contribution of multiple sustainable development approaches and practices to sustainable development. Finally, the multifaceted sustainable development approaches and practices can do immeasurable in uplifting the 5 square kilometer Millavitiya Grama Niladhari Division for sustainability. By practicing these multiple sustainable development approaches and practices, Millavitiya village has the definite potential to achieve rapid and balanced development by increasing productivity, managing the diversity of resources well and supporting up-to-date technology. References Bærenholdt J (2009) Regional Development and Noneconomic Factors. International Encyclopedia of Human Geography , pp. Pages 181–186 OECD n.d. Regional Development Policy. [Online] Available at: https://www.oecd.org/regional/regionaldevelopment.htm Cambridge, University (2024) Cambridge Dictionary. s.l.:Cambridge University United Nations (2023) The Sustainable Development Goal Report. United Nations, s.l. Vornholz G (1994) The sustainable development approach. INTERECONOMICS , Vol. 29,(Iss. 4), pp. 194–198 United Nations Brundtland Commission (1987) Our Common Future Report. United Nations, s.l. United Nations (2024) UN Documentation: Development Introduction. [Online] Available at: https://research.un.org/en/docs/dev Bebbington A (2001) Development: Rural Development Strategies. Int Encyclopedia Social Behav Sci, pp. 3578–3583 Hill T, Westbrook R (1997) SWOT Analysis: It's Time for a Product Recall. Long Range Plann Volume 30(1):46–52 Weihrich H (1982) The TOWS Matrix—A Tool for Situational Analysis. Long Range Plann Volume 15(2):54–66 Sarsby A (2016) Swot Analysis: A Guide to Swot for Business Studies Students Nwachukwu CS (2023) Green Agriculture and Food Security, a Review. IOP Conf Ser : Earth Environ Sci Portal TNAUA n.d. What is Sustainable Agriculture? [Online] Available at: https://agritech.tnau.ac.in/pdf/sustainableagriculture.pdf OECD (1995) Participatory Development and Good Governance. OECD, France Johnson-Woods C (2023) Green Mining for a Low-Carbon, Sustainable Future. [Online] Available at: https://www.resonanceglobal.com/blog/green-mining-for-a-low-carbon-sustainable-future International Energy, Agency (2022) Minerals for the Green Economy. [Online] Available at: https://www.iea.org/policies/16805-minerals-for-the-green-economy Bhaumik S (2023) Understanding sustainable data management. [Online] Available at: https://community.aws/posts/sustainable-data-management-practices/01-understanding-sustainable-data-management Srinivas D (2023) Sustainable Data Management: The Key to Responsible and Ethical Data Handling for a Better Future. [Online] Available at: https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/sustainable-data-management-key-responsible-ethical-jagarlapoodi/ Albérico, Travassos Rosário Joana Carmo Dias, 2023. The New Digital Economy and Sustainability: Challenges and Opportunities. Sustainability Volume 15(14) Inspire C, Energy n.d. What is Green Energy? Types, Definition & Examples. [Online] Available at: https://www.inspirecleanenergy.com/blog/clean-energy-101/what-is-green-energy Divisional, Secretariat (2021) Resource Profile. Divisional Secretariat Office - Kuruwita, Kuruwita Additional Declarations The authors declare no competing interests. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-8446685","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":565404038,"identity":"cd8b3569-d852-426a-934c-7e8a771aa246","order_by":0,"name":"Isuru Udakara 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16:38:16","extension":"html","order_by":9,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"acdc-reference","size":91191,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"earlyproof.html","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8446685/v1/4e5b50612752ac2daf4a4f84.html"},{"id":99272115,"identity":"aab806ef-69d7-4fbf-a5cc-468a18ced5f8","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-12-31 06:12:45","extension":"jpeg","order_by":1,"title":"Figure 1","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":47907,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eSWOT analysis Matrix \u0026nbsp;(Sarsby, 2016)\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"floatimage1.jpeg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8446685/v1/3abbd9b519c28b7602ce9c92.jpeg"},{"id":99272119,"identity":"09209b71-2858-412e-a252-c964e06483b0","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-12-31 06:12:45","extension":"jpeg","order_by":2,"title":"Figure 2","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":325832,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eMillavitiya grama niladhari division\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"floatimage2.jpeg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8446685/v1/30e4d164e17952b01212cd44.jpeg"},{"id":99324140,"identity":"aa6f5b16-9652-42b0-b595-991ab77dc069","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-12-31 16:47:00","extension":"pdf","order_by":0,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":1513458,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8446685/v1/10288600-9803-4ecd-8e14-0be8e3e256ee.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"The authors declare no competing interests.","formattedTitle":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIdentifying and Implementing Sustainable Development Approaches for the Socio-economic Growth of the Millavitiya Grama Niladhari Division: An Analysis on Potential Practices and Strategies\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","fulltext":[{"header":"1.Introduction","content":"\u003cp\u003eThe world moves fast and in such a challenging geopolitical environment, the challenges facing a developing country like Sri Lanka will be more extensive and intense. But any country can strategically address these common challenges through a specific and planned process. But, in establishing a specific and planned process for that, the location of a precise theoretical and conceptual position is an essential factor.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn the header, in the study of potential sustainable development approaches and practices for the development of Millavitiya Grama Niladhari Division, the most appropriate strategies, methods, approaches and practices should be selected in accordance with the realities on the ground. In particular, this affects the temporal and spatial behavior as well as the universal definition of sustainable development. Therefore, firstly, understanding the theoretical background, secondly understanding the reality on the ground and thirdly selecting the appropriate sustainable development approaches.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIt is also important to have a clear and precise theoretical and conceptual position in the focus of a village or town at ground level. In discussing the development of a village or city and related sustainable development approaches, understanding the theoretical background associated with it is the most academic way to approach the actual topic. Accordingly, the next part analyzes the theoretical background for relevant academic research through the identification of more organized and concisely framed concepts.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"2. Literature Review","content":"\u003cdiv id=\"Sec3\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.1 Development\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe word 'development' is commonly used to refer to a specific improvement or development (Cambridge University, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR3\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2024\u003c/span\u003e). It can also be used to describe a new and advanced idea or product or used in context to indicate a new phase under changing circumstances. Development can refer to various things such as economic development, or software development. In the context of software development, it encompasses the process of creating and maintaining applications, frameworks, or other software components. This includes technical tasks such as coding, testing, debugging and documenting the software. But the development that would be discussed here is completely different with the context.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThus although a definition can be seen plural meanings in the text, the concept of development can be analyzed more deeply in the field of development studies and focusing on the overall development of a country or region. Concept of development to many directions and over time it has changed. United Nations In the first paragraph of the Agenda for Development (A/RES/51/240) stated as follows (United Nations, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR7\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2024\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\"Development is one of the main priorities of the United Nations. Development is a multidimensional responsibility to achieve a high standard of living for all people. Economic development, Social development and environmental protection are interdependent and mutually reinforcing components of sustainable development.\"\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDevelopment, as defined by the United Nations, informs the idea of ​​a multidimensional and equitable society as defined in the middle quarter of the 21st century. Further, it emphasizes that development is a powerful factor leading to sustainability. Since, socio-economic development of the study area has been defined by this UN sustainable development.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec4\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.2 Regional and Rural Development\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eAs Barenhold points out, regional development is the label of efforts to develop certain areas of a country. He further points out that this regional development should be generally understood in socio-economic terms (B\u0026aelig;renholdt, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR1\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2009\u003c/span\u003e). The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) defines regional development as a concept and approach, regional development policy as a place-based policy. Therefore, Millavitiya being limited to a rural area, the related development falls under regional development. The organization's primary objective of regional development is to reduce regional disparities by supporting economic activities in all regions (OECD, n.d.). Bebbington tries to more detailed define the rural development. He mentions that rural development also refers to the expansion of capitalism in rural areas,Also understood as policy and project interventions aimed at fostering socio-economic change and human development in rural areas (Bebbington, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR8\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2001\u003c/span\u003e). Accordingly the regional development concept, linking with the concept of rural development ensures sustainable and equitable development. When focusing on Millavitiya village development, the two concepts of regional development and rural development should be defined because spatially Millavitiya is a regional and rural space.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec5\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.3 Sustainable Development\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe interpretation that is still used today stems from the simple, yet comprehensive statement given to sustainable development by the Gohalan Brookland Commission of 1987, themed \"Our Common Future\". Accordingly, sustainable development is defined as development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs (United Nations Brundtland Commission, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR6\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1987\u003c/span\u003e). Sustainable development calls for collective efforts to build an integrated, sustainable and resilient future for people and the planet. That defining principle of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development is a commitment by all countries to work together to secure the rights and well-being of all who live on a healthy, prosperous planet. But the world is facing the danger of not being able to fulfill that promise by 2030. The Sustainable Development Goals are disappearing into the rearview mirror, as are the hopes and rights of current and future generations. A fundamental shift in commitment, cooperation, financing and swift action is needed to set the world on a better path (United Nations, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR4\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2023\u003c/span\u003e). In such a situation, it has become more important to use sustainable development approaches and practices for regional and rural development.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec6\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.4 Sustainable Development Approaches and practices\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eSustainable underlying core intent is to create sustainable, resilient and equitable development. Through sustainable development approaches and practices, the primary objective is to push a specific geographic space towards full sustainable development. That is, any approach or practice used to achieve sustainable development can be identified as sustainable development approaches and practices. Vonholz's development approach consists of setting goals and strategies to address emerging global environmental and development problems (Vornholz, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR5\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1994\u003c/span\u003e). That is, sustainable development approaches and practices are scientific tools that lead to sustainable development by proposing answers to existing challenges.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUsing the above concepts in a balanced way, the most appropriate, innovative and technical sustainable development approaches required for the development of the Millavitiya Grama Niladhari Division should be discovered. Sustainable development approaches and practices can be used in different ways to achieve the common goal of development. In that case, as the spatial boundary is used as a grama niladhari division or the smallest administrative unit in Sri Lanka, the development carried out locally is specialized. Moreover, Millavitiya village is a rural area within the Kuruwita Divisional Secretariat, so the concept of rural development is directly applicable. Due to the need to achieve development in a more sustainable manner, sustainable development approaches and practices are used as strategic development tools. Thus, the theoretical background can be framed in a more interrelated manner. Accordingly, the next parts will study the sustainable development approaches used to create sustainable development in Millavitiya rural area.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e"},{"header":"3. Methodology","content":"\u003cdiv id=\"Sec8\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e3.1 Data Framework\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis background will be used for study. The data received basically falls under two primary and secondary data. The data can be classified as follows.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab1\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 1\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eData Frame\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"3\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eData type\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c3\" namest=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003esources\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePrimary data\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eInterviews\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eVillage Officer\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDivisional Secretariat Data Officer\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"2\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSecondary data\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c3\" namest=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eResource profile (Sampath Pethikada)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c3\" namest=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eVillage Officer Reports\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c3\" namest=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOther literature\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec9\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e3.2 Study methodology\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe methodology is created through two basic methodologies. Firstly, a background analysis is conducted to identify the background of the Millavitiya Grama niladhari division where the basic geographical, economic and social background is identified. Secondly, the SWOT analysis method is used for the background study to uncover the sustainable development approaches and practices. This method is used for the convenience of conducting a more comprehensive and balanced study and uncovering the facts.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats) analysis is a widely accepted strategic planning tool used to assess the internal and external factors affecting the performance and competitive position of an organization, area, process (Hill, T., \u0026amp; Westbrook, R., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR9\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1997\u003c/span\u003e). It provides valuable insights for local authorities to make informed decisions and develop effective strategies.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSWOT analysis serves as a framework for identifying and evaluating an area's internal strengths and weaknesses as well as external opportunities and threats (Weihrich, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR10\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1982\u003c/span\u003e). To illustrate the analysis, Sarsby has drawn this relationship in one diagram (Sarsby, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR11\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2016\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe primary purpose of conducting a SWOT analysis is to gain a comprehensive understanding of the current state of an area, assess its competitive position, and gain informed strategic decision-making. Analyzing these four dimensions helps a region develop sustainable development strategies to capitalize on its strengths, address weaknesses, leverage opportunities, and mitigate threats.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e"},{"header":"4. Results \u0026 Discussion","content":"\u003cp\u003eTheoretical background alone is not a successful practice for any analysis. For a study to be complete, it is important to identify its specific temporal and spatial geographic environment. In the same way, it is possible to derive the possibilities, weaknesses, opportunities and threats in the study area within that geographical temporal and spatial background. This Part identifies the possibilities that this geographical temporal and spatial arrangement has generated.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec11\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e4.1 Background Analysis\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eMillavitiya Grama Niladhari Division is located in Sabaragamuwa Province and in Ratnapura district. Kuruwita is a grama niladhari division under Divisional Secretariat Division. A grama niladhari division is the smallest unit in Sri Lanka's administrative hierarchy. The following map has tried to visually show the Millavitiya grama niladhari division with its peripheral administrative units (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMillavitiya grama niladhari is a one grama niladhari division one from the 39 divisions in Kuruvita Divisional Secretary (Divisional Secretariat, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR21\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2021\u003c/span\u003e). In terms of geographical information, Millavitiya Grama niladhari division is spread over 5.36 square kilometers and two small villages belong to the Grama niladhari division (Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab2\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 2\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMillavitiya Grama Nildhari Domain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"5\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSub no\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eGrama Nildhari Domain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eVillage Officer Domain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTypes size (K.m.)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eVillages belonging to\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e20\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e158A\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMillavitiya\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.36\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e02\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn regard to this Administrative Structure of the Division, this village official division belongs to a regional secretariat and a farmer center (\u003cem\u003eGovi Kendrayan\u003c/em\u003e) and a health medical office. Those administrative structures classification is as follows (Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab3\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab3\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 3\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAdministrative structures Classification\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"7\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c6\" colnum=\"6\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c7\" colnum=\"7\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNumber of Villages\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNumber of Farming Centres\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\" nameend=\"c5\" namest=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNumber of Local Authorities\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePolice jurisdiction\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOffices of Medical Officers\u0026rsquo; of Health\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMunicipal councils/City councils\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eLocal councils\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSub-offices of Pradiyasabha\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKuruvita\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Millavitiya can be identified, in focusing on socio-economic activities. Many of the characteristics can be found like in other rural areas of Sri Lanka, as well as various unique characteristics. Although the economic pattern has largely coincided with agriculture, shiftment of people for jobs in the service and industrial sectors can be identified through the advent of free education and new economic movements. It can be stated that in focusing on the land consumption of Grama Niladhari Division, it has been directed towards the production of export crops like tea, coconut and rubber. The following classification prepared according to Development Officer reports further confirms the above point (Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab4\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e) (Divisional Secretariat, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR21\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2021\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab4\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 4\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eLand use by crops\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"9\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c6\" colnum=\"6\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c7\" colnum=\"7\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c8\" colnum=\"8\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c9\" colnum=\"9\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"9\" nameend=\"c9\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eLand Use by Crops (Acres)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eTea\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eRubber\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ecoconut\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMixed cropping\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e(Tea/Coconut/ rubber)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMinor export crops - Cinnamon\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMinor export crops \u0026ndash; Pepper\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMinor export crops - cardamom\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePaddy\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003efruit\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eHeck.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e90\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e75\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAs a traditional industry drum manufacturing industry in Millavitaya grama niladhari division has protected. Animal husbandry also takes place in Millavitiya and cow and poultry husbandry as well as goat husbandry also take place. This animal husbandry aims to meet the requirement of milk as well as meet the requirement of eggs. Animals for meat trade is very rare in this division (Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab5\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab5\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 5\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eanimal husbandry\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"9\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c6\" colnum=\"6\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c7\" colnum=\"7\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c8\" colnum=\"8\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c9\" colnum=\"9\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDomain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c3\" namest=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCattle husbandry\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c5\" namest=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eChicken husbandry\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c7\" namest=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eGoat husbandry\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c9\" namest=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePigs husbandry\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eNumber of Farms\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eNumber of cattles\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eNumber of Farms\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eNumber\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eNumber of Farms\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eNumber\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eNumber of Farms\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eNumber\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e158AMillavitiya\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e05\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e102\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e06\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e70\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e01\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e05\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn focusing on infrastructure facilities, division has received a lot of urban connectivity due to its location next to the Colombo-Ratnapura main road. A, B, C, D type roads as well as provincial roads have been prepared for the village road system. Out of which provincial and B type roads cover most of the road system (Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab6\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003e) (Divisional Secretariat, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR21\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2021\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab6\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 6\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eRoad classification\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"6\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c6\" colnum=\"6\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"6\" nameend=\"c6\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eroads type\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eA Grade (K.m.)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eB Grade (K.m.)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eC Grade (K.m.)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eD Grade (K.m.)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eprovinces roads\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eEstate roads (K.Mr)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e02\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e06\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e04\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e04\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFocusing on social infrastructure, there are three community halls, a cemetery and a playground, belong to the domain of the village officer. In addition, a network of social capital has emerged through registered farmers', youth and women's unions.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThus, several factors can be summarized and analyzed based on the social, economic, geographical and environmental factors that are revealed above and such facts through SWOT analysis would be formulated.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec12\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e4.2 SWOT analysis\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe basic analysis method used to select the sustainable development approaches and practices that can be used to develop the Millavitiya Grama Niladhari Division is the feasibility analysis. It was indicated above. By doing so, the information discovered through the background analysis of Millavitiya village will be classified into strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab7\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 7\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSWOT Analysis\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"2\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSWOT\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFindings\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrengths\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026bull; Agriculture based on animal husbandry and export cropsHaving a foundation.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026bull; 49 acres of natural forest resource available\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026bull; Alugollahena Deniya water source\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026bull; Gems and commercial sand mineral resources\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026bull; Survival of traditional industries(drum industry)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026bull; Multi-organised network of registered social organisations(Women, Youth, Sports and Farmers Societies)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026bull; InternetAvailability of associated infrastructure\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWeaknesses\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026bull; Dependence on primary resources\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026bull; Deforestation\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026bull; Soil degradation due to mineral mining, sand dumping\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026bull; Degradation of water sources\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026bull; Lack of economic infrastructure (Financial Institution Systems, Energy Facilities)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026bull; High accident rate (In other domains to relatively)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOpportunities\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026bull; Proximity to the road network with Ratnapura-Colombo urban connectivity.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026bull; Impact of human resource development due to being in the middle of two national schools(within 10km / 13km distance limit)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026bull; Being a village at the center of a tourist ring (Bopat Falls, Dodam Falls, Delgamuwa Rajamaha Temple, Sri Nagabodhi Temple)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eThreats\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026bull; Exposure to capital investment inequalities by higher control units\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026bull; Dependence on the capital city economic center (Service Economy)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026bull; Direct economic and social pressure from the capital city economic center\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026bull; Availability of market information in closed urban economies\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn this way, can be analyzed under 4 criteria. Under each of the above criteria, existing development data related to Millavitiya grama niladhari domain is created. Approaches and development practices selection is made using the analysis data and through the data provided by this analysis, further policy making can be developed to various stages of the sustainable process.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec13\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e4.3 Sustainable Approaches and Practices\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThrough background analysis and SWOT analysis, a broad picture can be created regarding the officer Millavitiya villages. In association with that, about the existing problems as well as potentials for the development of Millavitiya village can be magnified. Based on that analysis, a number of sustainable development approaches and practices that can be used for the sustainable development of the village can be pointed out. The most effective and most realistic approaches and practices should be selected based on the financial and resource profile. Green concepts and sustainable development objectives-oriented development approaches are used for this purpose.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec14\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e4.3.1 Green Economy\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis concept seeks an economic system that respects and protects the environment while promoting physical prosperity. It is renewable energy, resource efficiency and emphasizes cyclical economic principles. Here, circular economic fundamentals mean reducing waste to the environment and using resources more sustainably in a circular manner without harming the external environment in the process. This concept is important in the development of Millavitiya village and the preservation of good efficiency and sustainability in economic production resources, should be studied here. In particular, Millavitiya village can identify a special distinction under two basic principles that mainly emphasize a green economy.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003eSustainable finance\u003c/b\u003e:\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis focuses on investing in projects and businesses that contribute to environmental and social well-being while generating financial returns.In looking at the Millavitiya village, one of the most fundamental weaknesses shown through the analysis of SWOT is the lack of financial space in the village. Often the financial circulation between the rural economies is linked to the city and therefore becomes a heavy dependence on the urban as well as negative economic outputs such as transportation methods and transportation-related carbon has occurred. Therefore, the more sustainable development of the rural financial sector can be identified as a major green economic factor in the city. In particular, the expansion of digital currency-related services can have positive green economic features, such as cutting transportation costs and improving time efficiency.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003eGreen Jobs\u003c/b\u003e:\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRenewable energy, Green jobs that contribute to the transition to a more sustainable economy that includes energy efficiency, sustainable agriculture and environmental restoration jobs. As indicated through the above background study, a workforce from all three sectors namely agriculture, industry and services resides are in Millawitiya. There are several key issues that can be investigated across this workforce.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003col\u003e \u003cspan\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003eAgricultural labour contributes mainly to the degradation of forest and water sources.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/li\u003e \u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndustrial labor has been limited to garment labor and lack of diversification.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/li\u003e \u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe service economy is highly depending on cities. High transportation cost and time consumption due to being connected with the city.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/li\u003e \u003c/span\u003e \u003c/ol\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe following solutions can be proposed for these problems under the concept of sustainable jobs.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003col\u003e \u003cspan\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003eFarmers and farmer organizations should be informed about sustainable agricultural practices (The promotion of green agricultural practices has been extensively discussed elsewhere).\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/li\u003e \u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003eTraining of human resources for skilled industrial jobs outside the garment industries in the industrial sector and educational facilities and social infrastructure should be built for that. Development must happen. Sumanatissa Vidyalaya has become the only school under the jurisdiction of Grama Niladhari where learning can be done up to the O/Ls, and working to solve pressing problems such as shortage of technical teachers, computer labs will achieve speedy results.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/li\u003e \u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe rural people who maintain the service economy by paying a distance of about 60/80km commute between the capital and the village in the morning and evening. In addition to the 8 working hours, they spend six hours commuting to and from the workplace. Due to this, not only economic but also many social problems have arisen. The rural service economy is drawn towards the economic center of the capital because of the existing capacity problems in the rural economy. In particular, this reveals the need for a new sustainable investment program to directly integrate this workforce into the rural economy.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/li\u003e \u003c/span\u003e \u003c/ol\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDealing with these various components of the green economy will help find answers to the chronic problems of the Millawitiya village as well as accelerate the activation of existing economic potential with external investments. In particular, large disparities appear in the state's intervention in capital formation. Looking at the diagram below, the disparities in public investment in the economy has exposed. Grama Niladhari domain according to table, has only received capital for 6 projects in the year 2021 (Divisional Secretariat, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR21\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2021\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab8\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 8\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eState Capital Investments\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"3\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNumber of projects implemented\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe cost is Rs.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNumber of Beneficiaries\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1,600,000.00\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1170\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTherefore, to promote private investment and create a sustainable project mechanism in rural areas through sustainable economic methods are mandatory. Thus, there is a high potential to reduce not only the efficiency of the economy, the high utilization of resources but also the degradation of existing resources in the village on the intervention of the sustainable green economy.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec15\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e4.3.2 Green Agriculture\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eAs discussed through the above chapter, most land is consumed in Millavitiya village like tea, coconut, rubbers that is for agricultural purposes. But a number of environmental problems that have arisen because of that can be identified by observing the village.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTo water sources chemicals have been accumulated. the Kuruwita Divisional Secretariat has only 28 water sources, one of which is Alugollahena Deniya in Millawitiya village which belongs to the official domain. Although this kind of resource has been inherited, it is currently being degraded and the quality of the water is inferior due to the daily agricultural inputs.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDestruction of forest population due to agriculture and as well as other human activities can be identified as a strong problem. Unauthorized and unproductive agriculture has led to the rapid shrinking of forest cover, including the following Devala Jungle and Kurugaga Reserves. Even the areas designated as a reserve by the government, spread over 49 acres below, have been affected by this situation (Divisional Secretariat, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR21\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2021\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab9\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 9\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eForest Cover\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"2\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eName of Reserve\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eLand size\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e(Acres)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eTemple Forest\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e42\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eKurugaga Reserve\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e09\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGreen agriculture is the most appropriate sustainable practice and approach to introduce the Millavitiya grama niladhari division to this environmental crisis situation. Green agriculture is an ecologically philosophy to prevent ecosystem degradation, Sustainable Farming Based on Principles and Practices as can be defined. This approach can be introduced as a method beyond the traditional agrarian mentality aimed at achieving food safety. Hence, agriculture's green solution to food security, is suggested here, a concept that focuses on environmental sustainability. This approach, population growth, hunger and food price inflation manage, while driving business activities against disrupting nature's ecosystem and bio diversity management has been guaranteed (Nwachukwu, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR12\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2023\u003c/span\u003e). Since, here agriculture through this approach protect from the degradation and use also to increases food safety in Millavitiya village.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSustainable agriculture means without causing severe or irreversible damage to ecosystem health, a farm can produce food indefinitely that ability according to mentioned by TNAU Agri Tech Portal. Here, the main two secured structures are socio-economic and biophysics components (TNAU Agritech Portal, n.d). By socio-economic component give long-term ability to access inputs and manage resources such as labour by green agriculture. Biophysics components long-term effects of different practices on soil properties and processes essential for crop productivity.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMillavitiya village has the potential to reap all these types of green agricultural benefits and further industrialization of primary cultivation activities and the potential to accelerate sustainable growth through the use of digital methods. In particular, the potential of this approach for the village has the potential to be realized by updating the role of agricultural advisor, who is a passive figure in the village, with new up-to-date right agricultural approaches.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec16\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e4.3.3 Participatory Development Approach\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development that participatory development can be defined as a process of involving the general public in an active and influential decision-making process (OECD, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR14\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1995\u003c/span\u003e). The development approach which is carried out from the bottom up (Down to top Approach) is also done by the public officials instead of politicians and policy makers, taking the people as the primary development process, asking their opinions and implementing projects according to those opinions.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis is very appropriate as a development approach for Millavitiya village. The main reason for that is that a multiple organized and outside integration can be seen in the village. That is, Millavitiya can be identified as an active area of ​​all types of rural society companies such as women's societies, farmers' societies, sports and youth as well as rural development organizations.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFor example:- Millavitiya Village Development Society,Millavitiya Farmers Organization,Samagi Farmers Organization,Diriya Women's Work Organization,Proud Women's Task Force,Arunodaya Youth Club,Paramount Sports Club (Divisional Secretariat, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR21\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2021\u003c/span\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLikewise, Its socio-physical capital is in good condition as shown by the SWOT analysis.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFor example :- Malindu Community Hall - Millawitiya, Udayapura Community Hall - Udayapura, Shanthagara Community Hall - Millawitiya, Udalagama Cemetery - Millavitiya, Lellagoda College Playground - Lellagoda College (Divisional Secretariat, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR21\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2021\u003c/span\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn a situation where there are so many village organizations and social capital structures and masses of people, it is easier to create a participatory or bottom-up approach to development. In particular, when there is an active social capital relationship on an active population, the basic principles of implementing the participatory development approach can be recognized without conflict. It is easier to understand the problems existing in Millavitiya village at the grassroots level as well as to implement them more effectively through these social capital networks. By adopting a sustainable participatory approach instead of the dominant Western-centric development method, there has been a high possibility of sustaining the development of Millavitiya village in a more fair and balanced way.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec17\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e4.3.4 Green Mineral Economy\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eA green mineral economy is a green economy that balances the demand for mineral resources with their sustainable consumption. A green economy aims to decouple unsustainable resource use from economic growth. In the green economy approach discussed above and as an extension of it, the concept of green mineral economy is important because of the existence of mineral related industries in Millavitiya village.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGreen mining is a concept that can be incorporated into practices that can lead to more sustainable mining practices that increase the ability of countries to reap the economic benefits of their geological resources. In particular, Millavitiya Grama Niladhari division can produce gems and commercial sand industry as mainly mining industries. But the damage to the natural environment is extremely high. According to the resource profile of the Divisional Secretariat, there are only one licensed sand trader and 8 gem license holders. However, illegal mining has become rampant. To that end, this approach proposes a more formalized and monitored sustainable method for creating green minerals, as well as law enforcement.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUse of low impact and less water intensive techniques in Millavitiya village; reduction, recycling and reuse of mining waste; rehabilitation of mining sites; Minimizing diversity of supply; And the multifaceted functions of improved regulation should be done under the supervision of the state (Johnson-Woods, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR15\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2023\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMinerals for the Green Economy is a 2019 publication of the Geological Survey of Norway, which identifies Norway as a major contender in the mineral resources sector (International Energy Agency, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR16\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2022\u003c/span\u003e). It aims to provide basic information on the importance of critical minerals in the green economy as well as to outline Norway's resource deposits. The potential also exists in front of Millavitiya village.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec18\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e4.3.5 Sustainable Data Management\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eSustainable data management means having minimal environmental impact, creating processes that ensure data is stored, processed and accessed in a resilient and cost-effective manner (Bhaumik, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR17\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2023\u003c/span\u003e). In view of Millavitiya Grama Niladhari Division, this approach covers an existing problem. SWOT analysis points to the proliferation of market information in advanced contiguous urban economies as a primary threat. Availability of market information has increased economic efficiency. However, there is very little information about Millavitiya village.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003col\u003e \u003cspan\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003eLack of digital data system\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/li\u003e \u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003eExisting data not updated (Information available in the Regional Secretariat belongs to the year 2021)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/li\u003e \u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003eLimited access to data\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/li\u003e \u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003eExisting classifications of data limitations and lack of accurate data\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/li\u003e \u003c/span\u003e \u003c/ol\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA sustainable digital system to reduce these information related problems is Grama Sevaka officer helps to use the data collected annually for sustainable use. The sustainable data management minimize the environmental impact of data management practices, reducing energy consumption and optimizing resource use. As well as maintaining a systematic data system to protect the environment aims. Sustainable data management also focuses on ensuring that data is used in a socially responsible and ethical manner (Srinivas, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR18\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2023\u003c/span\u003e). Due to this, the environmental impact on Millavitiya village is very high.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab10\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 10\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eComputer and Internet Usage\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"4\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c2\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNumber of families used\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c4\" namest=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNumber of families use the internet\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eDesktop computers\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eLaptop computers\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ewiring with\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ewiring without\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e630\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e245\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e45\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e880\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAs shown in the table above, the village domain has a very high computer usage, while the Kuruvita Divisional Secretariat has the highest. Millavitiya has become the village in divisional secretariate which is available highest on desktop computers (Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab10\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e10\u003c/span\u003e) (Divisional Secretariat, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR21\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2021\u003c/span\u003e). Thereby, further developing of the versatility of implementing this approach has been increased. A sustainable data system opens the way for the rapid implementation of all the development approaches discussed above such as green economy, green agriculture as well as participatory development. Thus, further, the planning process is based on easy and accurate sustainability data, making the path to sustainable development even easier.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec19\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e4.3.6 Green Digital Economy\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe concepts of digital green economy and sustainability are also closely linked with the above concept. The digital economy is characterized by technologies that help reduce carbon emissions and promote circular economies, thereby supporting sustainability (Alb\u0026eacute;rico Travassos, Ros\u0026aacute;rio Joana Carmo Dias, 2023). Furthermore, digital sustainability is the process of applying social, economic and environmental principles to digital products, services and data. It is a long-term process of creating, storing and managing digital resources to minimize resource consumption and waste. This approach can be pointed out as another stage of the sustainable data management concept indicated above. Thereby, the data manager indicates a higher level of utilization for socio-economic activities in Millavitiya village.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec20\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e4.3.7 Green culture and technology\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndigenous knowledge or traditional practices of communities provide valuable insights for sustainable livelihoods and environmental management. This is expected to innovate the traditional industry of Millavitiya village through green culture and technology. Nature-based spirituality recognizes the interconnectedness of humans and nature, instills a deep respect and concern for the environment, and uses science and technology to harmonize ecology, art, and activism. It is possible to bring the drum industry, which currently operates as a simple industry on a very small-scale using leather and wood, to be brought up-to-date with greener technology and through the green cultural approach, it is possible to further contribute the local culture in the village to the modern economic structure. This is how local industrialization can add modern value, which is a strength in hundred-man analysis.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec21\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e4.3.8 Green Energy\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eGreen energy is energy from renewable sources that are naturally replenished over an anthropogenic timescale. It is also known as clean, sustainable or renewable energy (Inspire Clean Energy, n.d.). Focusing on the village of Millavitiya, despite the potential for hydro-based green energy production, such space has yet to be utilized. In particular, it is a problem that Millavitiya village does not use this approach even when adjacent village official domains such as Patberiya, Devipahala, Soodagala, Lassakanda use this approach. Joining forces with the Sri Lanka Sustainable Energy Authority (SLSEA) to turn to this green energy production is environmentally as well as economically beneficial to Millavitiya village.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec22\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e3.9 Sustainability Tourism\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eAlso known as sustainable tourism, ecotourism or responsible tourism. It is a type of tourism approach that aims to minimize the negative impact of tourism on the environment, culture and society. It also aims to benefit local communities. This approach to Millavitiya village can be tried for rapid development by taking advantage of the location of the tourist ring and Colombo-Ratnapura Road. An existing potential to attract sustainable tourism to Millavitiya village is the way hotel facilities are already set up on a small scale. The number of rooms in that hotel and lodge facility, along with the number of people who can stay, are shown below (Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab11\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e11\u003c/span\u003e). There is potential for further expansion with the small scale down-classified hotel tourism industry.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab11\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 11\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eHotel and Accommodation\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"4\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eName of the hotel\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eType of hotel\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNumber of rooms\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAccomodation Number\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSajeevya Hotel\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e02\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e08\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eHotel Priyansa\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e06\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThese sustainable tourism industries can be developed by retaining the tourists coming through the natural beauty and tourism ring. Then, the five important elements of a tourism system in the village of Millavitiya, which are attraction, accessibility, accommodation, facilities and activities (Action) principles will be further developed and rural sustainable development will be developed.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e"},{"header":"4. Conclusion","content":"\u003cp\u003eIn the first chapter, a broad theoretical understanding of development, regional development, rural development, sustainable development, sustainable development approaches and practices was obtained by studying each other's conceptual and theoretical background. Based on that understanding, the second chapter selected two appropriate analysis methods to analyze the Millavitiya Grama Niladhari Division. Accordingly, the social, economic and geographical space of the village was identified through the selected background analysis method. Based on that identification, the second analysis, which is the SWOT analysis, identified the positive and negative conditions in the village as well as potential threats. Through the next chapter, proposing sustainable development approaches and practices while improving and utilizing those strengths and opportunities, mitigating and addressing weaknesses and threats.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThere, the focus was primarily on 09 sustainable development approaches and practices. Concurrent as well as widely divergent approaches to sustainability were discussed. But the ultimate goal of all these approaches is to achieve sustainable rural development. Basically, an attempt was made to mention the most appropriate approaches and practices that can be used to improve the points emphasized and solve the problems through the background analysis and the hundredth hand analysis.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA sharp correlation between approaches and practices can be observed and the results of one approach and practice are integrated into another approach and practice. For example, the green economy approach directly contributes to the concomitant improvement of the right agriculture approach. Although not so directly linked, sustainable data management with the green economy ties the economy to the market. From this, it is concluded that these sustainability approaches are interrelated as well as mutually dependent.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMultidisciplinary sustainable development approach refers to the pursuit of sustainable development by integrating different sustainable development approaches to achieve sustainable development. In the process of creating sustainable development in the village of Millavitiya, the outstanding factor is that it is more appropriate to use multiple sustainable development approaches than one sustainable development approach.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSustainable development approaches and practices through 09 integrated sustainable ways cover not only the economic, social and environmental fields but also the cultural and moral fields of development in Millavitiya village. It further confirms the contribution of multiple sustainable development approaches and practices to sustainable development. Finally, the multifaceted sustainable development approaches and practices can do immeasurable in uplifting the 5 square kilometer Millavitiya Grama Niladhari Division for sustainability. By practicing these multiple sustainable development approaches and practices, Millavitiya village has the definite potential to achieve rapid and balanced development by increasing productivity, managing the diversity of resources well and supporting up-to-date technology.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"References","content":"\u003col\u003e\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eB\u0026aelig;renholdt J (2009) Regional Development and Noneconomic Factors. \u003cem\u003eInternational Encyclopedia of Human Geography\u003c/em\u003e, pp. Pages 181\u0026ndash;186\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eOECD n.d. \u003cem\u003eRegional Development Policy.\u003c/em\u003e [Online] Available at: \u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003ehttps://www.oecd.org/regional/regionaldevelopment.htm\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"https://www.oecd.org/regional/regionaldevelopment.htm\" targettype=\"URL\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCambridge, University (2024) \u003cem\u003eCambridge Dictionary.\u003c/em\u003e s.l.:Cambridge University\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eUnited Nations (2023) The Sustainable Development Goal Report. 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Divisional Secretariat Office - Kuruwita, Kuruwita\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\u003c/ol\u003e"}],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":true,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":true,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":false,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":false,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Sustainable Development Approaches, Rural Development, SWOT, Green Economy, Sustainability","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8446685/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8446685/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eThis study mainly focusses to identifying the potential sustainable development approaches that can be deployed among the socio-economic growth process of the Millavitiya Grama Niladhari division and discussing the possibilities of the implementing those approaches in the ground level. Background study and SWOT analysis has been used as the main methodology for the identifying the ground realities and negative and positive insights of the study area. Under the main findings of the background literature analysis and the SWOT analysis, main potential approaches have been deliberated considering the strength, weakness, opportunities and the threat in the village. As final conclusion, numerous approaches and concepts can be used for the socio-economic growth in the area such as, green economy, green agriculture, participatory development, green mineral economy, sustainable data management, green digital economy, green culture and technology, green energy, and sustainable tourism. Millavitiya has been a most suitable geographical and socio-economic entity which can be used sustainable approaches in wide range and effectively.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Identifying and Implementing Sustainable Development Approaches for the Socio-economic Growth of the Millavitiya Grama Niladhari Division: An Analysis on Potential Practices and Strategies","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-12-31 06:12:41","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8446685/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"c51025d1-dfcb-4f52-a23e-91647d622c94","owner":[],"postedDate":"December 31st, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[{"id":60406901,"name":"Development Economics"}],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2025-12-31T06:12:41+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2025-12-31 06:12:41","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-8446685","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-8446685","identity":"rs-8446685","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"8U1c8b4HqxoKbykW_rLl7","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}