Joint Interaction of Polymorphisms of The Nos3, Sod2, Edn1, Il1b, And Il6 Genes in Endometriosis in Women with Infertility

Endometriosis is one of the leading causes of female infertility and is characterized by a complex polygenic and systemic pathogenesis, including impaired endothelial function, oxidative homeostasis, and chronic inflammation. It was established that the studied polymorphisms form a unified pathogenetic network with a synergistic effect on microcirculation, inflammation, and angiogenesis. The highest risk of developing endometriosis and infertility is associated with the triad combinations NOS3C–SOD2Val–IL6C and EDN1Asn–IL1BC–IL6C. In primary infertility, the endothelial-oxidative phenotype predominates, while in secondary infertility, the inflammatory-fibrous phenotype predominates. The obtained data confirm the significance of gene-gene interactions in the pathogenesis of endometriosis and substantiate the prospects for personalized prognosis and therapy.