Peripheral Artery Disease and COVID-19 Outcomes: Insights from the Yale DOM-CovX Registry

Background Both COVID-19 infection and peripheral arterial disease (PAD) cause hypercoagulability in patients, and it remains unknown whether PAD predisposes patients to experience worse outcomes when infected with SARS-CoV-2. Methods The Yale DOM-CovX Registry consecutively enrolled inpatients for SARS-CoV-2 between March 1, 2020, and November 10, 2020. Adjusted logistic regression models examined associations between PAD and mortality, stroke, myocardial infarction (MI), and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE, all endpoints combined). Results Of the 3,830 patients were admitted with SARS-CoV-2, 50.5% were female, mean age was 63.1 ±18.4 years, 50.7% were minority race, and 18.3% (n = 693) had PAD. PAD was independently associated with increased mortality (OR=1.45, 95% CI 1.11-1.88) and MACE (OR=1.48, 95% CI 1.16-1.87). PAD was not independently associated with stroke (p=0.06) and MI (p=0.22). Conclusion Patients with PAD have a >40% odds of mortality and MACE when admitted with a SARS-CoV-2, independent of known risk factors.