Photon Structure and Disambiguation of the Electromagnetic Field Energy Density

The complex vector approach to the electromagnetic field offers a geometric interpretation of the structure responsible for light's angular momentum, polarization, and other properties. It also provides a basis to express photon energy as a multivector—something implausible in classical electrodynamics. The structure and definition of photon energy can be examined with computational statistical mechanics methods. The simulation conducted in this study yielded distributions that closely resemble a blackbody radiation energy spectrum. The explanation of the blackbody radiation phenomenon, derived from complex vector electromagnetic theory, diverges from the conventional one based on quantum ideas. It illuminates concerns with the notions of field energy and momentum densities established in classical electrodynamics. The structure could be assessed experimentally.