Integrated stability analysis of compact cotton genotypes for yield and plant architecture under rainfed conditions using AMMI, GGE biplot, WAAS, BLUP, and MTSI

Integrated stability analysis of compact cotton genotypes for yield and plant architecture under rainfed conditions using AMMI, GGE biplot, WAAS, BLUP, and MTSI | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Integrated stability analysis of compact cotton genotypes for yield and plant architecture under rainfed conditions using AMMI, GGE biplot, WAAS, BLUP, and MTSI Banoth Madhu, Bhimireddy Sukrutha, Krishnan Keerthivarman, Subhashini Selvaraj, and 1 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-7663119/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Background The development of high-yielding stable cotton genotypes with compact plant architecture is critical for improving productivity and sustainability in rainfed ecosystems of India. This study evaluated 22 compact to semi-compact genotypes, including two check varieties (ARBC1651, CSH3075), across three distinct environments in Tamil Nadu during Kharif 2024. Results Genotypic performance was analyzed using a suite of stability assessment tools including AMMI, GGE biplot, WAAS, BLUP, and MTSI. Joint ANOVA revealed highly significant (p ≤ 0.001) genotype, environment, and GEI effects for most traits, with genetic variance contributing up to 72% of phenotypic variation in seed cotton yield (SCY). The first two IPCs of AMMI and GGE biplots explained > 75% of GEI variation and consistently identified Suraksha, Subiksha, and Suraj as stable, high-yielding genotypes. Whereas RS2818, CO17, and Nano represented compact types with plant height < 90 cm, reduced internode length (~ 5.7 cm), and sympodial branching (~ 18.8 cm), aligning with ideotypes suitable for high-density planting and mechanized harvesting. BLUP analysis showed high heritability for SCY (h²mg = 0.91), with strong genotypic variance (71.99%) and high selection accuracy (0.95). It confirmed AMMI and GGE biplots results, identifying Suraksha, Subiksha, and Suraj as superior yielders, while CO17, Nano, and TVH002 promising compact types with high predictive accuracy. WAAS/WAASBY indices confirmed Suraksha and Subiksha as the most stable and productive genotypes, whereas MTSI ranked Suraj (MTSI = 2.16), Subiksha, F2383, and RS2818 as top multi-trait stable performers. Compact plant traits were found to be negatively correlated with excessive vegetative growth but positively associated with yield stability under rainfed conditions. Among the test environments, Veppanthattai (E3) effectively discriminated genotypes, while Coimbatore (E1) and Srivilliputhur (E2) were representative for selecting compact and stable high-yielding types. Conclusion This integrated stability models enabled precise identification of compact, high-yielding genotypes, supporting breeding of rainfed-adapted and machine-harvestable genotypes. Compact plant architecture AMMI GGE biplot WAAS BLUP MTSI yield stability rainfed cotton Full Text Supplementary Files Supplementaryfile.docx Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-7663119","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":530193242,"identity":"50505847-eac0-4d68-8af1-bfd0736799fd","order_by":0,"name":"Banoth 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MTSI","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Compact plant architecture, AMMI, GGE biplot, WAAS, BLUP, MTSI, yield stability, rainfed cotton","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7663119/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7663119/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe development of high-yielding stable cotton genotypes with compact plant architecture is critical for improving productivity and sustainability in rainfed ecosystems of India. This study evaluated 22 compact to semi-compact genotypes, including two check varieties (ARBC1651, CSH3075), across three distinct environments in Tamil Nadu during Kharif 2024.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eResults\u003c/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eGenotypic performance was analyzed using a suite of stability assessment tools including AMMI, GGE biplot, WAAS, BLUP, and MTSI. Joint ANOVA revealed highly significant (p\u0026thinsp;\u0026le;\u0026thinsp;0.001) genotype, environment, and GEI effects for most traits, with genetic variance contributing up to 72% of phenotypic variation in seed cotton yield (SCY). The first two IPCs of AMMI and GGE biplots explained\u0026thinsp;\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;75% of GEI variation and consistently identified Suraksha, Subiksha, and Suraj as stable, high-yielding genotypes. Whereas RS2818, CO17, and Nano represented compact types with plant height\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;90 cm, reduced internode length (~\u0026thinsp;5.7 cm), and sympodial branching (~\u0026thinsp;18.8 cm), aligning with ideotypes suitable for high-density planting and mechanized harvesting. BLUP analysis showed high heritability for SCY (h\u0026sup2;mg\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.91), with strong genotypic variance (71.99%) and high selection accuracy (0.95). It confirmed AMMI and GGE biplots results, identifying Suraksha, Subiksha, and Suraj as superior yielders, while CO17, Nano, and TVH002 promising compact types with high predictive accuracy. WAAS/WAASBY indices confirmed Suraksha and Subiksha as the most stable and productive genotypes, whereas MTSI ranked Suraj (MTSI\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;2.16), Subiksha, F2383, and RS2818 as top multi-trait stable performers. Compact plant traits were found to be negatively correlated with excessive vegetative growth but positively associated with yield stability under rainfed conditions. Among the test environments, Veppanthattai (E3) effectively discriminated genotypes, while Coimbatore (E1) and Srivilliputhur (E2) were representative for selecting compact and stable high-yielding types.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eConclusion\u003c/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis integrated stability models enabled precise identification of compact, high-yielding genotypes, supporting breeding of rainfed-adapted and machine-harvestable genotypes.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Integrated stability analysis of compact cotton genotypes for yield and plant architecture under rainfed conditions using AMMI, GGE biplot, WAAS, BLUP, and MTSI","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-10-29 03:51:38","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7663119/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"0fa83981-8335-459f-90cd-16e14ecdb898","owner":[],"postedDate":"October 29th, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2025-12-18T01:08:52+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2025-10-29 03:51:38","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-7663119","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-7663119","identity":"rs-7663119","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"8U1c8b4HqxoKbykW_rLl7","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}