Role of Pulmonary Mycoses in Tuberculosis Disease—An Indian Perspective

Tuberculosis poses serious challenges to healthcare personnel as it continues to be highly prevalent in a developing country like India. Several prominent strategies have been adopted to control this contagious infection, but the incidence rate remains high. Many studies have linked fungal infections and tuberculosis, apparently elevating concerns in the TB elimination program. Hence, it is essential to understand the mechanism underlying TB co-infection and pulmonary mycoses to combat the problems caused by these diseases successfully. In addition, differential diagnosis of TB and fungal infections is equally essential to initiate appropriate treatment. In this review, we have documented the findings of TB and fungal diseases individually and as coinfection, focusing on Indian perspectives. Misdiagnosis of fungal diseases as Tuberculosis in many studies elucidates the need for simultaneous diagnosis of both infections for appropriate diagnosis.