Characterization of Soft Soil Properties and Settlement Behavior

Characterization of Soft Soil Properties and Settlement Behavior | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Characterization of Soft Soil Properties and Settlement Behavior Lukman Bamidele Fasugba, Gbenga Matthew Ayininuola This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-7029464/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Soft soils provide serious problems in construction projects because of their high compressibility, and poor shear strength, causing excessive settlement, and structural instability. This study, titled Characterization of Soft Soil Properties and Settlement Behavior , examines the characteristics of soft soils while assessing their settlement tendencies using experimental and statistical modeling techniques. Additionally, a regression model was developed to predict settlement based on the investigated characteristics, providing a mathematical basis for analyzing and interpreting soil behavior under various loading conditions. The study used laboratory testing techniques to thoroughly describe soft soil samples that were gathered from predetermined sites. Moisture content (MC), optimal moisture content (OMC), cohesion (C), internal friction angle (∅), unconfined compressive strength (UCS), void ratio (e), and compressibility characteristics were among the important geotechnical parameters that were determined by laboratory experiments. Consolidation tests were utilized to assess settlement characteristics, and principal component analysis (PCA) was employed to determine the main variables influencing soil behavior. A predictive framework for estimating settlement under various soil conditions and load scenarios was made available by regression modeling. The findings showed that the most important variables affecting settlement were moisture content (MC), void ratio (e), and compression index (Cc). The significance of comprehending important soil characteristics in geotechnical analysis was highlighted by the regression analysis, which showed a substantial link between the evaluated parameters and projected settlement. The dominance of particular geotechnical characteristics, such cohesiveness and compactness, in settlement projections was further demonstrated by principal component analysis. The results demonstrate how combining experimental and statistical techniques improves understanding of soft soil performance. This study contributes to knowledge of soft soil behavior and offers practical tools for mitigating settlement risks in engineering projects. The developed regression model and PCA framework provide engineers with reliable and predictive techniques for assessing soft soil properties and designing safe foundations. Soft Soil Settlement Regression Analysis Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-7029464","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":493190097,"identity":"3d758730-19ee-4db9-9cac-051e4456ea5d","order_by":0,"name":"Lukman Bamidele Fasugba","email":"data:image/png;base64,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","orcid":"","institution":"University of Ibadan","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Lukman","middleName":"Bamidele","lastName":"Fasugba","suffix":""},{"id":493190098,"identity":"0761413b-0f24-4622-b7b8-7feae34328e1","order_by":1,"name":"Gbenga Matthew Ayininuola","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"University of Ibadan","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Gbenga","middleName":"Matthew","lastName":"Ayininuola","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2025-07-02 12:38:28","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7029464/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7029464/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":98946172,"identity":"e73f1911-e38d-4c37-b5b0-01c5ad340da1","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-12-24 12:25:18","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":443179,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"CharacterizationofSoftSoilPropertiesandSettlementBehavior.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-7029464/v1_covered_3319a751-cfa8-4afd-81af-2a50ce44cce5.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"\u003cp\u003eCharacterization of Soft Soil Properties and Settlement Behavior\u003c/p\u003e","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Soft Soil, Settlement, Regression Analysis","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7029464/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7029464/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eSoft soils provide serious problems in construction projects because of their high compressibility, and poor shear strength, causing excessive settlement, and structural instability. This study, titled \u003cem\u003eCharacterization of Soft Soil Properties and Settlement Behavior\u003c/em\u003e, examines the characteristics of soft soils while assessing their settlement tendencies using experimental and statistical modeling techniques. Additionally, a regression model was developed to predict settlement based on the investigated characteristics, providing a mathematical basis for analyzing and interpreting soil behavior under various loading conditions.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe study used laboratory testing techniques to thoroughly describe soft soil samples that were gathered from predetermined sites. Moisture content (MC), optimal moisture content (OMC), cohesion (C), internal friction angle (\u0026empty;), unconfined compressive strength (UCS), void ratio (e), and compressibility characteristics were among the important geotechnical parameters that were determined by laboratory experiments. Consolidation tests were utilized to assess settlement characteristics, and principal component analysis (PCA) was employed to determine the main variables influencing soil behavior. A predictive framework for estimating settlement under various soil conditions and load scenarios was made available by regression modeling.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe findings showed that the most important variables affecting settlement were moisture content (MC), void ratio (e), and compression index (Cc). The significance of comprehending important soil characteristics in geotechnical analysis was highlighted by the regression analysis, which showed a substantial link between the evaluated parameters and projected settlement. The dominance of particular geotechnical characteristics, such cohesiveness and compactness, in settlement projections was further demonstrated by principal component analysis. The results demonstrate how combining experimental and statistical techniques improves understanding of soft soil performance.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis study contributes to knowledge of soft soil behavior and offers practical tools for mitigating settlement risks in engineering projects. The developed regression model and PCA framework provide engineers with reliable and predictive techniques for assessing soft soil properties and designing safe foundations.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Characterization of Soft Soil Properties and Settlement Behavior","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-07-31 11:26:12","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7029464/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"7c8e49c8-e97e-4882-b3d4-057d19387ec0","owner":[],"postedDate":"July 31st, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2025-12-24T12:25:01+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2025-07-31 11:26:12","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-7029464","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-7029464","identity":"rs-7029464","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"8U1c8b4HqxoKbykW_rLl7","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}