Influence of pedestrian grouping dynamics on evacuation efficiency in underground flooded stairs: a 3D numerical assessment

Influence of pedestrian grouping dynamics on evacuation efficiency in underground flooded stairs: a 3D numerical assessment | Authorea try { document.documentElement.classList.add('js'); } catch (e) { } var _gaq = _gaq || []; _gaq.push(['_setAccount', 'G-8VDV14Y67G']); _gaq.push(['_trackPageview']); (function() { var ga = document.createElement('script'); ga.type = 'text/javascript'; ga.async = true; ga.src = ('https:' == document.location.protocol ? 'https://ssl' : 'http://www') + '.google-analytics.com/ga.js'; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(ga, s); })(); Skip to main content Preprints Collections Wiley Open Research IET Open Research Ecological Society of Japan All Collections About About Authorea FAQs Contact Us Quick Search anywhere Search for preprint articles, keywords, etc. Search Search ADVANCED SEARCH SCROLL This is a preprint and has not been peer reviewed. Data may be preliminary. 12 February 2025 V1 Latest version Share on Influence of pedestrian grouping dynamics on evacuation efficiency in underground flooded stairs: a 3D numerical assessment Authors : Carlos H. Aparicio Uribe 0000-0002-9824-581X , Reniamino Russo [email protected] , Jackson Téllez-Álvarez , and Eduardo Martínez-Gomariz Authors Info & Affiliations https://doi.org/10.22541/au.173936254.41547278/v1 194 views 89 downloads Contents Abstract Supplementary Material Information & Authors Metrics & Citations View Options References Figures Tables Media Share Abstract The increasingly recurrent urban floods pose significant risks to underground spaces and their users. Often essential in these scenarios, stairs present unique challenges during floods as they serve as pathways for evacuation and for the incoming water. With most of the prior studies focusing on studying a single individual, the impact of group dynamics on flooded stairs remains underexplored. This study addresses this gap investigating how these dynamics influence evacuation efficiency and safety through a 3D numerical analysis. This research introduces realistic human body dummies along the stairs to simulate various pedestrian arrangements under a discharge of 0.423 m 3 /s. Hydrodynamic forces and Momentum of Flow (MF) and Specific Force Per Unit Width (SFPUW) safety criteria are calculated to evaluate hazardous conditions. Pedestrian arrangements include a single individual at different positions, as well as tandem and side-by-side arrangements. Results revealed significant variations in the water-dragging forces based on positions and grouping dynamics. Notably, compared to isolated cases, side-by-side arrangements exhibited increased water-exerted force on both side-by-side and downstream individuals, while tandem configurations showed reductions in dragging forces on trailing pedestrians. The affectation of forces diminished when the separation between them increased. This study highlights potential bottlenecks, evaluates evacuation strategies, and provides insights to enhance safety protocols in underground infrastructure during flood events, contributing to urban resilience and flood risk mitigation strategies. Supplementary Material File (aparicio_russo_tellez_martinez_p3_v1.docx) Download 16.16 MB Information & Authors Information Version history V1 Version 1 12 February 2025 Copyright This work is licensed under a Non Exclusive No Reuse License. Keywords flood risk mitigation flooded stairs human instability underground space urban resilience Authors Affiliations Carlos H. Aparicio Uribe 0000-0002-9824-581X Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya View all articles by this author Reniamino Russo [email protected] Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya View all articles by this author Jackson Téllez-Álvarez Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya View all articles by this author Eduardo Martínez-Gomariz Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya View all articles by this author Metrics & Citations Metrics Article Usage 194 views 89 downloads .FvxKWukQNSOunydq8rnd { width: 100px; } Citations Download citation Carlos H. Aparicio Uribe, Reniamino Russo, Jackson Téllez-Álvarez, et al. Influence of pedestrian grouping dynamics on evacuation efficiency in underground flooded stairs: a 3D numerical assessment. Authorea . 12 February 2025. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22541/au.173936254.41547278/v1 If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. 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