Polycatenated Architected Materials

Polycatenated Architected Materials | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Physical Sciences - Article Polycatenated Architected Materials Wenjie Zhou, Sujeeka Nadarajah, Liuchi Li, Anna Güell Izard, Aashutosh Prachet, and 4 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4510749/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Architected materials derive their properties from the geometric arrangement of their internal structural elements, rather than solely from their chemical composition. They can display remarkable behaviors such as high strength while being lightweight1,2, negative Poisson’s ratios3,4, and shear-normal coupling5,6. However, architected materials so far have either exhibited solid-like1,2 or fluid-like behavior7,8, but not both. Here, we introduce a class of materials that consist of linked particles assembled in three-dimensional domains, forming polycatenated architected materials (PAMs). We propose a general framework for PAMs that translates arbitrary crystalline networks into particles’ concatenations and design particles’ geometry. The resulting materials are cohesive, yet the individual particles retain some kinematic freedom. In response to small external loads, PAMs behave like non-Newtonian fluids, showing both shear-thinning and shear-thickening responses. At larger strains, PAMs behave like solids, showing a nonlinear stress-strain relation, like lattices and foams. These responses are regulated by a jamming transition determined by the particles’ arrangement and the direction of loading. PAMs are scalable, showing comparable mechanical responses at both millimeter- and micrometer-scales. However, micro-PAMs can change shape in response to electrostatic charges. PAM’s properties are relevant for developing stimuli-responsive materials, energy-absorbing systems and morphing architectures. Physical sciences/Materials science/Soft materials Physical sciences/Materials science/Structural materials/Mechanical properties Full Text Additional Declarations There is NO Competing Interest. Supplementary Files SupplementaryVideo1.mp4 Comparison between a fused and a regular J-2-ring PAM. SupplementaryVideo2.mp4 Representative compression test videos (50x speed). SupplementaryVideo3.mp4 A representative simple shear test video (20x speed). SupplementaryVideo4.mp4 Representative rheology test videos (20x speed). SupplementaryVideo5.mp4 Simulations of spherical J-2-ring PAMs deforming under gravity. SupplementaryVideo6.mp4 PAMs with S-4 topology but different particle geometries. SupplementaryVideo7.mp4 Two stable configurations of J-2-sqr. SupplementaryVideo8.mp4 Illustrated transition between two stable configurations of J-2-sqr. SupplementaryVideo9.mp4 Electrostatic reconfiguration of µ-PAMs on Van de Graaff generator (real time). Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-4510749","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Physical Sciences - Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":314174303,"identity":"456d52a2-698b-42c0-8087-ae6c5ee94829","order_by":0,"name":"Wenjie 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