Enhancing Cloud Computing Security with Advanced Password Encryption Techniques and Multi-Factor Authentication

Enhancing Cloud Computing Security with Advanced Password Encryption Techniques and Multi-Factor Authentication | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article Enhancing Cloud Computing Security with Advanced Password Encryption Techniques and Multi-Factor Authentication Pragya Vaishnav, Chandrashekhar Patel, Linesh Raja This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-8965652/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Review Version 1 posted 6 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract The rapid growth of the cloud computing industry highlights the need for security measures to protect private information on remote servers. Authentication is essential to protect this data. Although various methods have been proposed, vulnerabilities still remain. Using machine learning methods based on intrusion detection systems, this study presents a revolutionary multifactor authentication system combined with a hybrid cryptographic architecture that dynamically modifies encryption algorithms. The proposed method uses fingerprint authentication, conditional attributes, and passwords to extract an encryption key from fingerprint information. AES + HMAC (SHA-256), ECC + HMAC (SHA-512), HMAC-MD5 + PBKDF2, Twofish + Argon2, and Blowfish + HMAC SHA3-256 are the five pairs of methods that constitute the dual encryption method. The proposed model outperformed other models with an impressive accuracy of 96.8%. Applying this paradigm in a cloud authentication environment significantly improves data protection and prevents unwanted access. This study demonstrates how multi-factor authentication and adaptive cryptography can be combined to create robust cloud security solutions. Physical sciences/Engineering Physical sciences/Mathematics and computing Multi Factor Authentication Cloud Computing encryption SHA-256 Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Review Version 1 posted Reviewers agreed at journal 15 May, 2026 Reviewers invited by journal 20 Apr, 2026 Editor assigned by journal 17 Mar, 2026 Editor invited by journal 17 Mar, 2026 Submission checks completed at journal 10 Mar, 2026 First submitted to journal 09 Mar, 2026 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-8965652","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":625958747,"identity":"50565d65-70a0-4c56-8d53-fe553b006450","order_by":0,"name":"Pragya Vaishnav","email":"data:image/png;base64,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","orcid":"","institution":"Manipal University Jaipur","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Pragya","middleName":"","lastName":"Vaishnav","suffix":""},{"id":625958748,"identity":"299c093c-7c87-4b51-84c0-58c751288921","order_by":1,"name":"Chandrashekhar Patel","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Manipal University Jaipur","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Chandrashekhar","middleName":"","lastName":"Patel","suffix":""},{"id":625958749,"identity":"e3e356c7-c490-4201-8987-8895e80996dc","order_by":2,"name":"Linesh Raja","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Manipal University Jaipur","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Linesh","middleName":"","lastName":"Raja","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2026-02-25 09:10:11","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8965652/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8965652/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":108013102,"identity":"6033c4d1-f493-46f3-ab53-f4d004c83499","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-04-28 13:17:22","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":489797,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"CloudComputing.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8965652/v1_covered_59395030-723a-47c7-ad69-2f44167672d9.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Enhancing Cloud Computing Security with Advanced Password Encryption Techniques and Multi-Factor Authentication","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"scientific-reports","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"scirep","sideBox":"Learn more about [Scientific Reports](http://www.nature.com/srep/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"","title":"Scientific Reports","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"stoa","reportingPortfolio":"Scientific Reports","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Multi Factor Authentication, Cloud Computing, encryption, SHA-256","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8965652/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8965652/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eThe rapid growth of the cloud computing industry highlights the need for security measures to protect private information on remote servers. Authentication is essential to protect this data. Although various methods have been proposed, vulnerabilities still remain. Using machine learning methods based on intrusion detection systems, this study presents a revolutionary multifactor authentication system combined with a hybrid cryptographic architecture that dynamically modifies encryption algorithms. The proposed method uses fingerprint authentication, conditional attributes, and passwords to extract an encryption key from fingerprint information. AES\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;HMAC (SHA-256), ECC\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;HMAC (SHA-512), HMAC-MD5\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;PBKDF2, Twofish\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;Argon2, and Blowfish\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;HMAC SHA3-256 are the five pairs of methods that constitute the dual encryption method. The proposed model outperformed other models with an impressive accuracy of 96.8%. 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