Transposable element-derived siRNAs control viral disease in Arabidopsis

2026 · doi:10.64898/2026.02.06.704401
preprint OA: closed CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0
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The study investigates how Arabidopsis plants transition from viral disease to a tolerant state during infection, focusing on RNA mechanisms underlying this shift. Using infection experiments that track disease-to-tolerance dynamics, the authors show that tolerance depends on virus-induced production of 21-nucleotide small interfering RNAs derived from transposable elements. The key finding is that TE-derived siRNAs help mitigate the detrimental effects of viral infection on plant health. The paper does not explicitly state limitations in the provided text beyond describing the mechanistic dependence on TE-derived siRNA production. The paper does not explicitly discuss endometriosis or adenomyosis; it was included in the corpus via a keyword match in the upstream search index.

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Abstract

Crop diseases caused by viruses can result in significant economic losses. However, the mechanisms that lead to disease are not well understood. Meanwhile, metagenomic surveys have revealed that most plants in nature are tolerant to viruses, thus maintain their fitness despite of recurrent infection. Using plants that transition from a diseased state to a tolerant state during virus infection, we demonstrate that tolerance depends on the virus-induced production of 21-nucleotide small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) from transposable elements (TEs). These findings indicate that siRNAs derived from TE sequences play a pivotal role in mitigating the detrimental effects of viral infection on plant health.
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Abstract Crop diseases caused by viruses can result in significant economic losses. However, the mechanisms that lead to disease are not well understood. Meanwhile, metagenomic surveys have revealed that most plants in nature are tolerant to viruses, thus maintain their fitness despite of recurrent infection. Using plants that transition from a diseased state to a tolerant state during virus infection, we demonstrate that tolerance depends on the virus-induced production of 21-nucleotide small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) from transposable elements (TEs). These findings indicate that siRNAs derived from TE sequences play a pivotal role in mitigating the detrimental effects of viral infection on plant health. Competing Interest Statement The authors have declared no competing interest.

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License: CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0