Extremely short 3D Bessel pulses in an optically anisotropic photonic crystal made from CNTs with account for nonlinear absorption and pumping

We present a theoretical and numerical study of the dynamics of diffractionless three-dimensional (3D) extremely short optical pulses with a Bessel cross-section in an optically anisotropic medium with a spatially modulated refractive index (known as photonic crystal) based on carbon nanotubes of the zigzag type. The nonlinear absorption is taken into account based on experimental data, as well as the effects associated with the external pump field. Through numerical simulations, it was found that in such an optically anisotropic photonic crystal, Bessel pulses propagate stably over times of several dispersion lengths, while dissipative solitons arise during the evolution of pulses. The influence of the parameters of the anisotropic photonic crystal—e.g., the depth and period of modulation of the refractive index and anisotropy parameters—on the evolution of pulses, in particular, their shape and group velocity, is established.