Risk Factors for In-hospital Progression of Ordinary COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Objective: To describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes of ordinary COVID-19 when admitted, to describe how these patients were treated and risk factors for in-hospital progression. Methods: : In this retrospective study, we included 291 adult patients diagnosed as ordinary COVID-19 on admission who had been discharged or had died between Jan 20, 2020 and Mar 16, 2020 from General Hospital of Central Theatre Command (Wuhan, China). Results: : Of the 291 patients diagnosed as ordinary COVID-19 when admitted, 65 (22.34%) had been recorded COVID-19 progressing at least once, and 226 (77.66%) had been recorded COVID-19 improving during hospitalization. The median time from admission to disease progressed was 5.0 days (2.0-7.0). Multivariable regression showed increasing odds of in-hospital progression associated with male (odds ratio 2.333, 95% CI 1.135-4.395; P=0.020), preexisting cardiovascular diseases (2.433, 1.044-5.671; P=0.039), and lymphopenia (3.482, 1.783-6.799; P<0.001), elevated IL-6 (2.669, 1.084-6.574; P=0.033), d-dimer (2.829, 1.420-5.636; P=0.003) and lactate dehydrogenase (2.855, 1.458-5.591; P= 0.002) on admission. Conclusions: : The potential risk factors of male, preexisting cardiovascular disease, lymphopenia, elevated IL-6, and lactate dehydrogenase, d-dimer could help clinicians to identify in-hospital progression among ordinary COVID-19 at early stage to optimize medical treatment.