Numerical analysis of microwave and radiofrequency ablations: A novel design for electrode-based radiofrequency ablation

Numerical analysis of microwave and radiofrequency ablations: A novel design for electrode-based radiofrequency ablation | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article Numerical analysis of microwave and radiofrequency ablations: A novel design for electrode-based radiofrequency ablation Fahimeh Hamzavi, Mohammad Javad Karimi, Mahdi Bahadoran This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4642924/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Thermal ablation is atreatment modality for liver cancer that utilizes heat to destroy cancerous tissues. The numerical analysis of thermal ablation processes in liver tissue was studied using two different methods: microwave ablation (MWA) and radiofrequency ablation (RFA). The effectiveness of both methods and the thermal characteristics of tumor ablation, including temperature distribution, temporal variation intemperature, volume of ablation, and destruction of cancerous tissue, were investigated. MWA requires less time for complete ablation than RFA and can generate larger ablation zones. Additionally, a novel electrode-based design for RFA, we call it Norfolk pine electrode (NPE), which focuses on ablating large and spherical tumors, has been proposed and analyzed. To the best of our knowledge, the conventional RFA designs, which utilize the Christmas tree electrode and umbrella electrode, are effective in ablating tumors smaller than 3 cm . However, they fail to completely eradicatespherical tumors. Interestingly, our proposed NPE claims the ability to fully ablate spherical tumors, even those larger than 3 cm . This NPE could be a promising and practical advancement in the realm of tumor treatment. Biological sciences/Biophysics/Computational biophysics Physical sciences/Physics/Biological physics Destruction of cancerous tissue Microwave ablation (MWA) Norfolk pine electrode (NPE) Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) Temporal variation in temperature Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-4642924","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":336448984,"identity":"8e9bf5b1-c11b-4e6d-874e-990b1440069e","order_by":0,"name":"Fahimeh Hamzavi","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Shiraz University of Technology","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Fahimeh","middleName":"","lastName":"Hamzavi","suffix":""},{"id":336448985,"identity":"09a0aec9-8993-432d-8e90-96d8b0bd84b2","order_by":1,"name":"Mohammad Javad Karimi","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAAzElEQVRIiWNgGAWjYBACCSA+wGBgA+YwI5EEtaQxMLCRogUIDiNpIQQk288+PHSj4Ly9wf3mg58LGOzkGdh5H+DVIs2TbnA4x+B24oZjbMnSMxiSDRuY2Q3wapFjSGMAaUkwOMZjxszDwJzAwMyG32Fy/M9AWs7ZGxzj/wbUUk9Yi7QE2JYDjBuO8bABtRwmrEVyBtiW5MSZx9KMpXkMjhu2EdIicT6N+XPOHzt7vsOHH37mqaiW5+c/hl8LGjAAx88oGAWjYBSMAkoBALOGN2XWQKhvAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC","orcid":"","institution":"Shiraz University of Technology","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Mohammad","middleName":"Javad","lastName":"Karimi","suffix":""},{"id":336448986,"identity":"1ddcb424-b2c4-4ff4-8b3c-c6352cfbd8d4","order_by":2,"name":"Mahdi Bahadoran","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Shiraz University of Technology","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Mahdi","middleName":"","lastName":"Bahadoran","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2024-06-26 13:03:25","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4642924/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4642924/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":65599722,"identity":"64455481-4d01-4f0a-a287-afca01f26b98","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-09-30 11:46:55","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":1021808,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"MWARFAHamzaviSR.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4642924/v1_covered_ca1f2ca3-56ec-4888-94e2-a48b29f52927.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Numerical analysis of microwave and radiofrequency ablations: A novel design for electrode-based radiofrequency ablation","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Destruction of cancerous tissue, Microwave ablation (MWA), Norfolk pine electrode (NPE), Radiofrequency ablation (RFA), Temporal variation in temperature","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4642924/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4642924/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eThermal ablation is atreatment modality for liver cancer that utilizes heat to destroy cancerous tissues. The numerical analysis of thermal ablation processes in liver tissue was studied using two different methods: microwave ablation (MWA) and radiofrequency ablation (RFA). The effectiveness of both methods and the thermal characteristics of tumor ablation, including temperature distribution, temporal variation intemperature, volume of ablation, and destruction of cancerous tissue, were investigated. MWA requires less time for complete ablation than RFA and can generate larger ablation zones. Additionally, a novel electrode-based design for RFA, we call it Norfolk pine electrode (NPE), which focuses on ablating large and spherical tumors, has been proposed and analyzed. To the best of our knowledge, the conventional RFA designs, which utilize the Christmas tree electrode and umbrella electrode, are effective in ablating tumors smaller than 3 \u003cem\u003ecm\u003c/em\u003e . However, they fail to completely eradicatespherical tumors. 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